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10 - MicroRNAs and the regulation of leaf shape

from II - MicroRNA functions and RNAi-mediated pathways

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 August 2009

By
Ramiro E. Rodriguez ,
Carla Schommer  and
Javier F. Palatnik
Edited by
Krishnarao Appasani
Foreword by
Sidney Altman  and
Victor R. Ambros
Ramiro E. Rodriguez
Affiliation:
Molecular Biology Division IBR – Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Rosario Suipacha 531 2000 Rosario Argentina
Carla Schommer
Affiliation:
Department of Molecular Biology Max Plank Institute for Developmental Biology Tubingen 72076 Germany
Javier F. Palatnik
Affiliation:
Molecular Biology Division IBR – Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Rosario Suipacha 531 2000 Rosario Argentina
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Summary

Introduction: microRNAs meet plant development

The conspicuous group of 20–21 nt small RNAs designated as microRNAs (miRNAs) was first discovered in Caenorhabditis elegans. In 1993, lin-4, the first identified miRNA, was shown to recognize several partially complementing sites in the 3′ UTR of the lin-14 mRNA and to inhibit its translation (Lee et al., 1993). At that time it was thought, however, that miRNAs were an oddity restricted to worms. Their participation in biological pathways in other animals was vastly underestimated and any role in plant development was therefore even more unexpected.

The situation changed with the arrival of the new millennium when it was recognized that a second worm miRNA, let-7 (Reinhart et al., 2000), was conserved in many animals with bilateral symmetry (Pasquinelli et al., 2000). Several dozens of new miRNAs were then readily identified through cloning efforts in Drosophila, Caenorhabditis and humans (Lagos-Quintana et al., 2001; Lau et al., 2001; Lee and Ambros, 2001). By 2002 there were already four small RNA libraries made from Arabidopsis thaliana allowing a first systematic scan for miRNAs in the fully sequenced model plant (Llave et al., 2002a; Mette et al., 2002; Park et al., 2002; Reinhart et al., 2002).

The knowledge on miRNA biogenesis and action burst when a connection with an apparently unrelated process called cosuppression in plants or RNA interference in animals was discovered (Zamore and Haley, 2005).

Type
Chapter
Information
MicroRNAs
From Basic Science to Disease Biology
 , pp. 137 - 154
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2007

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