Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T16:06:21.812Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

2 - Three Generations of Psychological Acculturation Research: Theoretical Advancements and Methodological Challenges

from Part 1 - Acculturation and Identity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 January 2021

Michael Bender
Affiliation:
Universiteit van Tilburg, The Netherlands
Byron G. Adams
Affiliation:
Universiteit van Tilburg, The Netherlands
Get access

Summary

The quality of any research is undoubtedly based on a sound methodological approach, and this is certainly true for acculturation psychology. Unfortunately, acculturation psychology has had its own challenges and limitations. In this chapter, we will review the development and evolution of models, measures and methods that are specific to psychological acculturation research as well as explore the mechanisms underlying acculturation processes. We approach this by describing three generations of acculturation theory and research in terms of their areas of emphasis and major contributions to the field: (i) Models; (ii) Measurements and Methods; and (iii) Mechanisms. We conclude with a note on re-visioning acculturation and speculate about the next cycle of developments.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abu-Rayya, H. M., & Sam, D. L. (2017). Is integration the best way to acculturate? A reexamination of the bicultural-adaptation relationship in the “ICSEY Dataset” using the bi-lineal method. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 48, 287293.Google Scholar
Alvarez, C. M. O., Dickson, P. R., & Hunter, G. K. (2014). The four faces of the Hispanic consumer. Journal of Business Research, 67, 108115.Google Scholar
Apfelbaum, E. P., Norton, M. I., & Sommers, S. R. (2012). Racial colour-blindness: Emergence, practice and implications. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 21, 203209.Google Scholar
Arends-Tóth, J., & van de Vijver, F. J. R. (2006). Assessment of psychological acculturation. In Sam, D. L. & Berry, J. W. (eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Acculturation Psychology (pp. 142162). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Arends-Tóth, J., & van de Vijver, F. J. (2007). Acculturation attitudes: A comparison of measurement methods. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 37, 14621488.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arends-Tóth, J., van de Vijver, F. J. R., & Poortinga, Y. H. (2006). The influence of method factors on the relation between attitudes and self-reported behaviors in the assessment of acculturation. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 22, 412.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aycan, Z., & Berry, J. W. (1996). Impact of employment related experiences on immigrants’ psychological well-being and adaptation to Canada. Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science, 28, 240251.Google Scholar
Aydinli, A., & Bender, M. (2015). Cultural priming as a tool to understand multiculturalism and culture. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(1).Google Scholar
Benet-Martínez, V., & Haritatos, J. (2005). Bicultural identity integration (BII): Components and psychosocial antecedents. Journal of Personality, 73, 10151050.Google Scholar
Benet-Martínez, V., Leu, J., Lee, F., & Morris, M. W. (2002). Negotiating biculturalism: Cultural frame-switching in biculturals with oppositional versus compatible cultural identities. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 33, 492516.Google Scholar
Berry, J. W. (1970). Marginality, stress and identification in an acculturated aboriginal community. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 1, 239252.Google Scholar
Berry, J. W. (1974). Psychological aspects of cultural pluralism: Unity and identity reconsidered. Topics in Culture Learning, 2, 1722.Google Scholar
Berry, J. W. (1980). Acculturation as varieties of adaptation. In Padilla, A. M. (ed.), Acculturation: Theories, Models and Findings (pp. 925). Boulder, CO: Westview.Google Scholar
Berry, J. W. (1984). Cultural relations in plural societies: Alternatives to segregation and their socio-psychological implications. In Miller, N. & Brewer, M. (eds.), Groups in contact (pp. 1127). New York: Academic Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berry, J. W. (1990). Psychology of acculturation. In Berman, J. J. (ed.), Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, 1989: Cross-cultural Perspectives (pp. 201–234). Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.Google Scholar
Berry, J. W. (1997). Immigration, acculturation, and adaptation. Applied Psychology: International Review, 46, 534.Google Scholar
Berry, J.W. (2015). Intercultural adaptation. Paper presented to the Canadian Psychological Association Conference, Toronto.Google Scholar
Berry, J. W. (2019). Acculturation: A Personal Journey across Cultures. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Berry, J. W., Kim, U., Power, S., Young, M., & Bujaki, M. (1989). Acculturation attitudes in plural societies. Applied Psychology: International Review, 38, 185206.Google Scholar
Berry, J. W., Phinney, J. E., Sam, D. L., & Vedder, P. (eds.). (2006). Immigrant Youth in Cultural Transition: Acculturation, Identity and Adaptation across National Contexts. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Berry, J. W., & Sabatier, C. (2011). Variations in the assessment of acculturation attitudes. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 35, 658669.Google Scholar
Berry, J. W., & Sam, D. L. (2003). Accuracy in scientific discourse. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 44, 6568.Google Scholar
Berry, J. W., & Sam, D. L. (2016). Theoretical perspectives. In Sam, D. L. & Berry, J. W. (eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Acculturation Psychology (2nd ed., pp. 1129). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bornstein, M. H. (2017). The specificity principle in acculturation science. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 12, 345.Google Scholar
Bourhis, R. Y., & Dayan, J. (2004). Acculturation orientations towards Israeli Arabs and Jewish immigrants in Israel. International Journal of Psychology, 39, 118131.Google Scholar
Bourhis, R. Y., Moïse, L. C., Perreault, S., & Senécal, S. (1997). Towards an interactive acculturation model: A social psychological approach. International Journal of Psychology, 32, 369386.Google Scholar
Bourhis, R. Y., Montaruli, E., El-Geledi, S., Harvey, S.-P., & Barrette, (2010). Acculturation in multiple host community settings. Journal of Social Issues, 66, 780802.Google Scholar
Breton, C. (2019). Do incorporation policies matter? Immigrants’ identity and relationships with the receiving society. Comparative Political Studies, 52, 13641395.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Broom, L., & Kitsuse, J. I. (1955). The validation of acculturation. A condition to ethnic assimilation. American Anthropologist, 57, 4448.Google Scholar
Buchan, N. R., Brewer, M. B., Grimalda, G., Wilson, R. K., Fatas, E., & Foddy, M. (2011). Global social identity and global cooperation. Psychological Science, 22, 821828.Google Scholar
Buriel, R. (1975). Cognitive styles among three generations of Mexican-American children. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 6, 417429.Google Scholar
Celenk, O., & van de Vijver, F. J. R. (2014). Assessment of psychological acculturation and multiculturalism: An overview of measures in the public domain. In Benet-Martínez, V. & Hong, Y. Y. (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Multicultural Identity (pp. 205226). New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Celeste, L., Meeussen, L., & Verschueren, K., & Phalet, K. (2016). Minority acculturation and peer rejection: Costs of acculturation misfit with peer-group norms. British Journal of Social Psychology, 55, 544563.Google Scholar
Christ, O., Asbrock, F., Dhont, K., Pettigrew, T. F., & Wagner, U. (2013). The effects of intergroup climate on immigrants’ acculturation preferences. Zeitschrift für Psychologie, 221, 252257.Google Scholar
Costigan, C. L., & Dokis, D. P. (2006). Relations between parent-child acculturation differences and adjustment within immigrant Chinese families. Child Development, 77, 12521267.Google Scholar
Demes, K. A., & Geeraert, N. (2014). Measures matter: Scales for adaptation, cultural distance, and acculturation orientation revisited. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 45, 91109.Google Scholar
Demes, K. A., & Geeraert, N. (2015). The highs and lows of studying abroad: A longitudinal analysis of sojourner stress and adaptation in 50 countries. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 109, 316337.Google Scholar
Des Rosiers, S. E., Schwartz, S. J., Zamboanga, B. L., Ham, L. S., & Huang, S. (2013). A cultural and social cognitive model of differences in acculturation orientations, alcohol expectancies and alcohol-related risk behaviors in Hispanic college students. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 69, 319340.Google Scholar
Dimitrova, R., Chasiotis, A., Bender, M., & van de Vijver, F. J. R. (2014). Turks in Bulgaria and the Netherlands: A comparative study of their acculturation orientations and outcomes. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 40, 7686.Google Scholar
Doucerain, M., Dere, J., & Ryder, A. G. (2013). Travels in hyperdiversity: Multiculturalism and the contextual assessment of acculturation. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 37, 686699.Google Scholar
Donà, G., & Berry, J. W. (1994). Acculturation attitudes and acculturative stress of Central American refugees. International Journal of Psychology, 29, 5770.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eaton, J. (1952). Controlled acculturation. A survival technique of Hutterites. American Sociological Review, 17, 331340.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferguson, G. M. (2013). What a difference a small island can make: How Jamaican adolescents are advancing acculturation science. Child Development Perspectives, 7, 248254.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferguson, G. M., & Bornstein, M. H. (2012). Remote acculturation: The “Americanization” of Jamaican islanders. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 36, 166177.Google Scholar
Ferguson, G. M., Bornstein, M. H., & Pottinger, A. M. (2012). Tridimensional acculturation and adaptation among Jamaican adolescent-mother dyads in the United States. Child Development, 33, 14861493.Google Scholar
Ferguson, G. M., Iturbide, M. I., & Gordon, B. P. (2014). Tridimensional (3D) acculturation: Ethnic identity and psychological functioning of Jamaican immigrants. International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, Consultation, 3, 238251.Google Scholar
Gordon, M. M. (1964). Assimilation in American Life. The Role of Race, Religion and National Origins. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Gordon, M. M. (1978). Human Nature, Class, and Ethnicity. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Graves, T. D. (1967). Psychological acculturation in a tri-ethnic community. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology, 23, 337350.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Güngör, D., Bornstein, M., & Phalet, K. (2012). Religiosity, values and acculturation: A study of Turkish, Turkish-Belgian and Belgian adolescents. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 36, 367373.Google Scholar
Haritatos, J., & Benet-Martínez, V. (2002). Bicultural identities: The interface of cultural, personality and socio-cognitive processes. Journal of Research in Personality, 36, 598606.Google Scholar
Haugen, I., & Kunst, J. R. (2017). A two-way process? A qualitative and quantitative investigation of majority members’ acculturation. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 60, 6782.Google Scholar
Hong, Y.-Y., Morris, M. W., Chiu, C.-Y., & Benet-Martínez, V. (2000). Multicultural minds: A dynamic constructivist approach to culture and cognition. American Psychologist, 55, 709720.Google Scholar
Horenczyk, G., Jasinskaja-Lahti, I., Sam, D. L., & Vedder, P. (2013). Mutuality in acculturation: Toward an integration. Zeitschrift für Psychologie, 221, 205213.Google Scholar
Kim, S.-Y., Chen, Q., Wang, Y., Shen, Y., & Orozco-Lapray, D. (2013). Longitudinal linkages among parent-child acculturation discrepancy, parenting, parent-child sense of alienation and adolescent adjustment in Chinese immigrant families. Developmental Psychology, 49, 900912.Google Scholar
Kuhn, T. S. (1962). The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Kunst, J. R., & Sam, D. L. (2013a). Relationship between perceived acculturation expectations and Muslim minority youth’s acculturation and adaptation. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 37, 477490.Google Scholar
Kunst, J. R., & Sam, D. L. (2013b). Expanding the margins of identity: A critique of marginalization in a globalized world. International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, Consultation, 2, 225241.Google Scholar
Kunst, J. R., & Sam, D. L. (2014). “It’s on time that they assimilate” – differential acculturation expectations towards first and second generation immigrants. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 39, 188195.Google Scholar
Lechuga, J. (2008). Is acculturation a dynamic construct? The influence of method of priming culture on acculturation. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Science, 30, 324339.Google Scholar
Mancini, T., Navas, M., López-Rodríguez, L., & Bottura, B. (2018). Variants of biculturalism in migrants and host adolescents living in Italy and Spain: Testing the importance of life domains through the Relative Acculturation Extended Model. International Journal of Psychology, 53, 7180.Google Scholar
Meca, A., Cobb, C., Xie, D., Schwartz, S. J., Allen, C., & Hunter, R. (2017). Exploring adaptive accultutration approaches among undocumented Latinos: A test of Berry’s model. The Counseling Psychologist, 45, 11151140.Google Scholar
Michel, A., Titzmann, P. F., & Silbereisen, R. K. (2012). Psychological adaptation of adolescent immigrants from the former Soviet Union in Germany: Acculturation versus age-related time trends. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 43, 5976.Google Scholar
Mok, A., Cheng, C.Y., & Morris, M. W. (2010). Matching versus mismatching cultural norms in performance appraisal: Effects of the cultural setting and bicultural identity integration. International Journal of Cross-cultural Management, 10, 1735.Google Scholar
Montreuil, A., & Bourhis, R. Y. (2001). Majority acculturation orientations toward “valued” and “devalued” immigrants. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 32, 698719.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morris, M. W., Chu, C. Y., & Liu, Z. (2015). Polycultural psychology. Annual Review of Psychology, 66, 631659.Google Scholar
Navas, M., García, M. C., Sánchez, J., Rojas, A. J., Pumares, P., & Fernandez, J. S. (2005). Relative acculturation extended model: New contributions with regard to the study of acculturation. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 29, 2137.Google Scholar
Navas, M., Rojas, A. J., García, M., & Pumares, P. (2007). Acculturation strategies and attitudes according to the Relative Acculturation Extended Model (RAEM): The perspectives of natives versus immigrants. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 31, 6786.Google Scholar
Needham, B. L., Mukherjee, B., Bagchi, P., Kim, C., Mukherjea, A., Kandula, N. R., & Kanaya, A. M. (2018). Acculturation strategies and symptoms of depression: The mediators of atherosclerosis in South Asians living in America (MASALA) study. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 20, 792798.Google Scholar
Nguyen, A.-M. D., & Benet-Martínez, V. (2013). Biculturalism and adjustment: A metaanalysis. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 44, 122159.Google Scholar
Niens, U., Mawhinney, A., Richardson, N., & Chiba, Y. (2013). Acculturation and religion in schools: The views of young people from minority belief backgrounds. British Educational Research Journal, 39, 907924.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nieri, T., Lee, C., Kulis, S., & Marsiglia, F. F. (2011). Acculturation among Mexican-heritage preadolescents: A latent class analysis. Social Science Research, 40, 12361248.Google Scholar
Olmeda, E. L. (1979). Acculturation: A psychometric perspective. American Psychologist, 34, 10611070.Google Scholar
Olmeda, E. L., & Padilla, A. (1978). Empirical and construct validation of a measure of acculturation for Mexican-Americans. Journal of Social Psychology, 105, 179187.Google Scholar
Ouarasse, O. A., & van de Vijver, F. J. R. (2005). The role of demographic variables and acculturation attitudes in predicting sociocultural and psychological adaptation in Moroccans in the Netherlands. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 29, 251272.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Özbek, E., Bongers, I. L., Lobbestael, J., & van Nieuwenhuizen, C. (2015). Turkish and Moroccan young adults in the Netherlands: The relationship between acculturation and psychological problems. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 17, 16871696.Google Scholar
Ozer, S., Bertelsen, P., Singla, R., & Schwartz, S. J. (2017). “Grab your culture and walk with the global”: Ladakhi students’ negotiation of identity in the context of globalization-based acculturation. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 48, 294319.Google Scholar
Phalet, K., & van de Vijver, F. J. R. (2004). Assessment in multicultural groups: The role of acculturation. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 53, 215236.Google Scholar
Piontkowski, U., Florack, A., Hoelker, P., & Obdzrálek, P. (2000). Predicting acculturation attitudes of dominant and non-dominant groups. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 24, 126.Google Scholar
Piontkowski, U., Rohmann, A., & Florack, A. (2002). Concordance of acculturation attitudes and perceived threat. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 5, 221232.Google Scholar
Rasmi, S., Chuang, S. S., & Hennig, K. (2015). The acculturation gap-distress model: Extensions and application to Arab Canadian families. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 21, 630642.Google Scholar
Redfield, R., Linton, R., & Herskovits, M. J. (1936). Memorandum for the study of acculturation: American Anthropologist, 38, 149152.Google Scholar
Rogers-Sirin, L., Ryce, P., & Sirin, S. R. (2014). Acculturation, acculturative stress, and cultural mismatch and their influences on immigrant children and adolescents’ well-being. In Dimitrova, R., Bender, M., & van de Vijver, F. J. R. (eds.), Global Perspectives on Well-Being in Immigrant Families (pp. 1130). New York: Springer.Google Scholar
Rudmin, F. W. (2003). Critical history of the acculturation psychology of assimilation, separation, integration and marginalization. Review of General Psychology, 7, 337.Google Scholar
Rudmin, F. W. (2009). Catalogue of acculturation constructs: Descriptions of 126 taxonomies, 1918–2003. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 8.Google Scholar
Rudmin, F. W., & Ahmadzadeh, V. (2001). Psychometric critique of acculturation psychology: The case of Iranian migrants in Norway. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 42, 4156.Google Scholar
Ryder, A. G., Alden, L. E., & Paulhus, D. L. (2000). Is acculturation unidimensional or bidimensional? A head-to-head comparison in the prediction of personality, self-identity, and adjustment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79, 4965.Google Scholar
Safdar, S., Dupuis, D. R., Lewis, R. J., El-Geledi, S., & Bourhis, R. Y. (2008). Social axioms and acculturation orientations of English Canadians toward British and Muslim Arab immigrants. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 32, 415426.Google Scholar
Safdar, S., Lay, C., & Struthers, W. (2003). The process of acculturation and basic goals: Testing a multidimensional individual difference acculturation model with Iranian immigrants in Canada. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 52, 555579.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sam, D. L. (1995). Acculturation attitudes among young immigrants as a function of perceived parental attitudes toward cultural change. The Journal of Early Adolescence,15, 238258.Google Scholar
Sam, D. L. (2006). Acculturation: Conceptual background and core components. In Sam, D. L. & Berry, J. W. (eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Acculturation Psychology (pp. 1129). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sam, D. L., & Berry, J. W. (2010). Acculturation: When individuals and groups of different cultural backgrounds meet. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5, 472481.Google Scholar
Schachner, M. K., He, J., Heizmann, B., & van de Vijver, F. R. J. (2017). Acculturation and school adjustment of immigrant youth in six European countries: Findings from the PISA. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 649.Google Scholar
Schachner, M. K., Noack, P., van de Vijver, F. J. R., & Eckstein, K. (2014). Cultural diversity climate and psychological adjustment at school: Equality and inclusion versus cultural pluralism. Child Development, 87, 11751191.Google Scholar
Schachner, M. K., van de Vijver, F. J. R., & Noack, P. (2014). Family-related antecedents of early adolescent immigrants’ psychological and sociocultural school adjustment in Germany. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 45, 16061625.Google Scholar
Schwartz, S. J., Des Rosiers, S., Huang, S., Zamboanga, B., Unger, J. B., Knight, G. P … & Szapocznik, J. (2013). Developmental trajectories of acculturation in Hispanic adolescents: Associations with family functioning and adolescent risk behavior. Child Development, 84, 13551372.Google Scholar
Schwartz, S. J., Meca, A., Ward, C., Szabó, A., Benet-Martínez, V., Lorenzo-Blanco, E. I., … Zamboanga, B. (2019). Biculturalism dynamics: A daily diary study of bicultural identity and psychosocial functioning. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 62, 2637.Google Scholar
Schwartz, S. J., Unger, J. B., Zamboanga, B. L., Córdova, D., Mason, C.A., Huang, S. … & Szapocznik, J. (2015). Developmental trajectories of acculturation: Links with family functioning and mental health in recent-immigrant Hispanic adolescents. Child Development, 86, 726748.Google Scholar
Schwartz, S. J., & Zamboanga, B. (2008). Testing Berry’s model of acculturation: A confirmatory latent class approach. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 14 275285.Google Scholar
Searle, W., & Ward, C. (1990). The prediction of psychological and sociocultural adjustment during cross-cultural transitions. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 14, 449–464.Google Scholar
Snauwaert, B., Soenens, B., Vanbeselaere, N., & Boen, F. (2003). When integration does not necessarily imply integration: Different conceptualizations of acculturation orientations lead to different classifications. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 34, 231239.Google Scholar
Stevens, G., Veen, W. J. M., V. C., & Vollebergh, W. A. M. (2014). Psychological acculturation and juvenile delinquency: Comparing Moroccan immigrant families from a general and pretrial detention population. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 20, 254265.Google Scholar
Stoessel, K., Titzmann, P. F., & Silbereisen, R. K. (2014). Being “them” and “us” at the same time? Subgroups of cultural identification change among adolescent diaspora immigrants. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 45, 10891109.Google Scholar
Tartakovsky, E. (2012). Factors affecting immigrants’ acculturation intentions: A theoretical model and its assessment among adolescent immigrants from Russia and Ukraine in Israel. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 36, 8399.Google Scholar
Titzmann, P. F. & Jugert, P. (2015). Acculturation in context: The moderating effects of immigrant and native peer orientations on the acculturation experiences of immigrants. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 44, 20792094Google Scholar
Titzmann, P. F., & Silbereisen, R. K. (2012). Acculturation or development? Autonomy expectations among ethnic German immigrant adolescents and their native German age-mates. Child Development, 83, 16401654.Google Scholar
Van de Vijver, F. J. R. (2015). Dimensions of acculturation: One, two or many? Psihologia Resurselor Umane, 13, 2531.Google Scholar
Van de Vijver, F. J. R., Helms-Lorenz, M., & Feltzer, M. J. A. (1999). Acculturation and cognitive performance of migrant children in the Netherlands. International Journal of Psychology, 34, 149162.Google Scholar
Van de Vijver, F. J. R., & Leung, K. (1997). Methods and data analysis for cross-cultural research. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Van Oudenhoven, J. P., & Ward, C. (2013). Fading majority cultures: The implications of transnationalism and demographic changes for immigrant acculturation. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 23, 8197.Google Scholar
Van Selm, K., Sam, D. L., & van Oudenhoven, J. P. (1997). Life satisfaction and competence of Bosnian refugees in Norway. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 38, 143149.Google Scholar
Vedder, P., & van de Vijver, F. J. R. (2006). Methodological aspects: Studying adolescents in 13 countries. In Berry, J. W., Phinney, J. E., Sam, D. L., & Vedder, P. (eds.), Immigrant Youth in Cultural Transition: Acculturation, Identity and Adaptation across National Contexts (pp. 4770). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Virta, E., Sam, D. L., & Westin, C. (2004). Adolescents with Turkish background in Sweden and Norway: A comparative study of their psychological adaptation. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 45, 1525.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ward, C. (2001). The ABCs of acculturation. In Matsumoto, D. (ed.), Handbook of Culture and Psychology (pp. 411445). New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Ward, C. (2009). Acculturation and social cohesion: Emerging issues for Asian immigrants in New Zealand. In Leong, C.-H. & Berry, J. W. (eds.), Intercultural Relations in Asia: Migration and Work Effectiveness (pp. 324). Singapore: World Scientific.Google Scholar
Ward, C., & Geeraert, N. (2016). Advancing acculturation theory and research: The acculturation process in its ecological context. Current Opinion in Psychology, 8, 98104.Google Scholar
Ward, C., & Kennedy, A. (1994). Acculturation strategies, psychological adjustment and cultural competence during cross-cultural transitions. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 18, 329343.Google Scholar
Ward, C., & Kus, L. (2012). Back to and beyond Berry’s basics: The conceptualization, operationalization and classification of acculturation. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 36, 472485.Google Scholar
Ward, C., Ng Tseung-Wong, C., Szabo, A., Qumseya, T., & Bhowon, U. (2018). Hybrid and alternating identity styles as strategies for managing multicultural identities. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 49, 14021439.Google Scholar
Ward, C., & Rana-Deuba, A. (1999). Acculturation and adaptation revisited. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 30, 372392.Google Scholar
Ward, C., & Searle, W. (1991). The impact of value discrepancies and cultural identity on psychological and sociocultural adjustment of sojourners. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 15, 209225.Google Scholar
Westacott, E. (2018, August 23). What Is a Paradigm Shift? Retrieved from www.thoughtco.com/what-is-a-paradigm-shift-2670671.Google Scholar
Yagmur, K., & van de VIjver, F. J. R. (2012). Acculturation patterns of Turkish immigrants in Australia, France, Germany and the Netherlands. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 43, 11101130.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×