Book contents
- Meteorite Mineralogy
- Cambridge Planetary Science
- Meteorite Mineralogy
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Preface
- 1 Minerals and Meteorites
- 2 Definitions and Explications
- 3 Brief Review of Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry
- 4 Properties of Minerals
- 5 Identification of Meteoritic Minerals in Reflected Light, by Backscattered Electron Imaging, and by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy, Wavelength-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy, and Electron Backscatter Diffraction Analysis
- 6 Meteorite Classification and Taxonomy
- 7 Mineralogy of Major Physical Components of Chondrites
- 8 Petrologic and Mineralogical Characteristics of Meteorite Groups
- 9 Cosmomineralogy
- 10 Formation of Meteoritic Minerals in Gas- and Dust-Rich Environments
- 11 Formation of Meteoritic Minerals on Parent Bodies
- 12 Formation of Meteoritic Minerals in the Terrestrial Environment
- 13 The Strange Case of the Aluminum-Copper Alloys
- Summary
- Epilogue
- References
- Index
- Plate Section (PDF Only)
4 - Properties of Minerals
Explanations and Applications
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 11 August 2021
- Meteorite Mineralogy
- Cambridge Planetary Science
- Meteorite Mineralogy
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Preface
- 1 Minerals and Meteorites
- 2 Definitions and Explications
- 3 Brief Review of Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry
- 4 Properties of Minerals
- 5 Identification of Meteoritic Minerals in Reflected Light, by Backscattered Electron Imaging, and by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy, Wavelength-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy, and Electron Backscatter Diffraction Analysis
- 6 Meteorite Classification and Taxonomy
- 7 Mineralogy of Major Physical Components of Chondrites
- 8 Petrologic and Mineralogical Characteristics of Meteorite Groups
- 9 Cosmomineralogy
- 10 Formation of Meteoritic Minerals in Gas- and Dust-Rich Environments
- 11 Formation of Meteoritic Minerals on Parent Bodies
- 12 Formation of Meteoritic Minerals in the Terrestrial Environment
- 13 The Strange Case of the Aluminum-Copper Alloys
- Summary
- Epilogue
- References
- Index
- Plate Section (PDF Only)
Summary
One broad-brush approach to systematizing minerals is to divide them into two categories: (1) native elements and their alloys (e.g., Au, Ag, Cu, C, S, Ni3Fe, Fe5C2) and (2) compounds (e.g., sulfides, sulfates, oxides, halides, silicates, carbides, carbonates, phosphides, phosphates, tungstates, nitrides). Compounds are grouped together based on their monatomic or polyatomic anions. This is a natural classification system (first adopted by Jacob Berzelius) because the chemical properties of minerals within these groups tend to be similar. For example, the properties of anhydrite (CaSO4) more closely resemble those of other sulfates such as barite (BaSO4) and celestine (SrSO4) than those of other Ca-rich minerals, e.g., calcite (CaCO3), oldhamite (CaS), fluorite (CaF2), antarcticite (CaCl2·6(H2O)), lime (CaO), apatite (Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH)), scheelite (CaWO4), portlandite (Ca(OH)2), powellite (CaMoO4), and wollastonite (CaSiO3).
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- Meteorite Mineralogy , pp. 66 - 91Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2021