from Section 2 - The Biology of Male Reproduction and Infertility
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 06 December 2023
The definition of epigenetics has been redefined in the last decades and today is generally accepted as the study of heritable factors, other than DNA base pair coding, that regulate gene expression. In this chapter, we briefly review the main epigenetic factors that exist in spermatozoa (e.g., histone and chromatin modifications, DNA methylation, and noncoding RNAs [ncRNAs]) and underline the associations and effects of aging, adiposity, and some lifestyle and environmental factors on the sperm epigenome. In conclusion, further work needs to be done to establish whether the changes of sperm epigenome triggered by aging, adiposity, diet, and smoking can have not only implications for the reproductive health but also for the future offspring.
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