Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Acknowledgments
- Contributors
- Editor's Preface
- Part 1 The mechanism of human facial expression or an electrophysiological analysis of the expression of the emotions
- Preface
- A Introduction
- B Scientific section
- Foreword
- Chapter 5 Anatomical preparations, and portraits of the subjects who underwent electrophysiological experiments
- Chapter 6 The muscle of attention (m. frontalis)
- Chapter 7 The muscle of reflection (superior part of m. orbicularis oculi, that part of the muscle called the sphincter of the eyelids)
- Chapter 8 The muscle of aggression (m. procerus)
- Chapter 9 The muscle of pain (m. corrugator supercilii)
- Chapter 10 The muscles of joy and benevolence (m. zygomaticus major and the inferior part of m. orbicularis oculi)
- Chapter 11 The muscle of lasciviousness (transverse part of m. nasalis)
- Chapter 12 The muscle of sadness (m. depressor anguli oris)
- Chapter 13 The muscles of weeping and whimpering (m. zygomaticus minor and m. levator labii superioris)
- Chapter 14 The muscles complementary to surprise (muscles that lower the mandible)
- Chapter 15 The muscle of fright, of terror (m. platysma)
- Chapter 16 A critical study of several antiquities from the point of view of m. corrugator supercilii and m. frontalis
- C Aesthetic section
- Part 2 Commentary chapters
- Index
Chapter 13 - The muscles of weeping and whimpering (m. zygomaticus minor and m. levator labii superioris)
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 10 November 2010
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Acknowledgments
- Contributors
- Editor's Preface
- Part 1 The mechanism of human facial expression or an electrophysiological analysis of the expression of the emotions
- Preface
- A Introduction
- B Scientific section
- Foreword
- Chapter 5 Anatomical preparations, and portraits of the subjects who underwent electrophysiological experiments
- Chapter 6 The muscle of attention (m. frontalis)
- Chapter 7 The muscle of reflection (superior part of m. orbicularis oculi, that part of the muscle called the sphincter of the eyelids)
- Chapter 8 The muscle of aggression (m. procerus)
- Chapter 9 The muscle of pain (m. corrugator supercilii)
- Chapter 10 The muscles of joy and benevolence (m. zygomaticus major and the inferior part of m. orbicularis oculi)
- Chapter 11 The muscle of lasciviousness (transverse part of m. nasalis)
- Chapter 12 The muscle of sadness (m. depressor anguli oris)
- Chapter 13 The muscles of weeping and whimpering (m. zygomaticus minor and m. levator labii superioris)
- Chapter 14 The muscles complementary to surprise (muscles that lower the mandible)
- Chapter 15 The muscle of fright, of terror (m. platysma)
- Chapter 16 A critical study of several antiquities from the point of view of m. corrugator supercilii and m. frontalis
- C Aesthetic section
- Part 2 Commentary chapters
- Index
Summary
Plates 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53
(Compare each side of Plates 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 and 51 by masking the opposite side.)
Plate 46: To study the lines that characterize weeping, with feelings of pity, in an old man (also shown in Plates 3, 6, 7, 8, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 37, 38, 39, 43, 44, 45).
Quite strong electrical stimulation of m. zygomaticus minor on the left side: weeping, tears of pity.
Plate 47: To study the differential action of m. zygomaticus minor and m. levator labii superioris in the same subject. On the left, electrical stimulation of m. zygomaticus minor and voluntary contraction of the palpebral part of m. orbicularis oculi: weeping openly, with hot tears. On the right, electrical stimulation of m. levator labii superioris and voluntary contraction of the palpebral part of m. orbicularis oculi: a suggestion of this same weeping.
Plate 48: To study the differential expressive lines of m. zygomaticus minor and of m. zygomaticus major in the same subject seen full face. On the left, electrical stimulation of m. zygomaticus minor: mild weeping; pity. On the right, moderate electrical stimulation of m. zygomaticus major: feeble false laughter.
Plate 49: To study the association of m. zygomaticus minor and m. corrugator supercilii in the same subject. On the left, electrical excitation of m. zygomaticus minor and of m. corrugator supercillii: painful weeping. […]
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- The Mechanism of Human Facial Expression , pp. 81 - 86Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 1990