Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T21:00:53.021Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

References

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2012

Daniel E. Moerman
Affiliation:
University of Michigan, Dearborn
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2002

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ader, Robert. 1997. The Role of Conditioning in Pharmacotherapy. In The Placebo Effect: An Interdisciplinary Exploration. Ed. Anne Harrington, 138-65. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
Ader, R., and Cohen, N.. 1975. Behaviorally Conditioned Immunosuppression. Psychosomatic Medicine 37, no. 4: 333-40CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Al-Sheikh, T., Allen, K. B., Straka, S. P., Heimansohn, D. A., Fain, R. L., Hutchins, G. D., Sawada, S. G., Zipes, D. P., and Engelstein, E. D.. 1999. Cardiac Sympathetic Denervation After Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization. Circulation 100, no. 2: 135-40CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Amanzio, M., Pollo, A., Maggi, G, and Benedetti, F.. 2001. Response Variability to Analgesics: A Role for Non-Specific Activation of Endogenous Opioids. Pain 90, no. 3: 205-15CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
American Psychiatric Association. 1994. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-IV. 4th edn. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association
Bailar, J. C. III. 2001. The Powerful Placebo and the Wizard of Oz. New England Journal of Medicine 344, no. 21: 1630-2CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bass, M. J., C. Buck, L. Turner, G. Dickie, G. Pratt, and H. C. Robinson. 1986. The Physician's Actions and the Outcome of Illness in Family Practice. Journal of Family Practice 23, no. 1: 43-7
Bates, M. S., Edwards, W. T., and Anderson, K. O.. 1993. Ethnocultural Influences on Variation in Chronic Pain Perception. Pain 52, no. 1: 101-12CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beecher, Henry K. 1946. Pain in Men Wounded in Battle. The Bulletin of the US Army Medical Service 5: 445-54Google ScholarPubMed
Beers, Mark H. and Robert Berkow. 1999. The Merck Manual. 17th edn. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck & Co
Begay, D. H., and Maryboy, N. C.. 2000. The Whole Universe Is My Cathedral: A Contemporary Navajo Spiritual Synthesis. Medical Anthropology Quarterly 14, no. 4: 498-520CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beinfield, Harriet, and Efrem Korngold. 1991. Between Heaven and Earth: A Guide to Chinese Medicine. New York: Ballantine Books
Benedetti, F. 1996. The Opposite Effects of the Opiate Antagonist Naloxone and the Cholecystokinin Antagonist Proglumide on Placebo Analgesia. Pain 64, no. 3: 535-43CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Benedetti, F. 2000. Personal Communication (July 14, 2000)
Benedetti, F., and Amanzio, M.. 1997. The Neurobiology of Placebo Analgesia: From Endogenous Opioids to Cholecystokinin. Progress in Neurobiology 52, no. 2: 109-25CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Benedetti, F., Amanzio, M., Baldi, S., Casadio, C., Cavallo, A., Mancuso, M., Ruffini, E., Oliaro, A., and Maggi, G.. 1998. The Specific Effects of Prior Opioid Exposure on Placebo Analgesia and Placebo Respiratory Depression. Pain 75, no. 2-3: 313-19CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Benedetti, F., Amanzio, M., Baldi, S., Casadio, C., and Maggi, G.. 1999. Inducing Placebo Respiratory Depressant Responses in Humans Via Opioid Receptors. European Journal of Neuroscience 11, no. 2: 625-31CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Benson, Herbert, and David, P. McCallie Jr., 1979. Angina Pectoris and the Placebo Effect. New England Journal of Medicine 300, no. 25: 1424-9Google ScholarPubMed
Bergmann, J. F., Chassany, O., Gandiol, J., Deblois, P., Kanis, J. A., Segrestaa, J. M., Caulin, C., and Dahan, R.. 1994. A Randomised Clinical Trial of the Effect of Informed Consent on the Analgesic Activity of Placebo and Naproxen in Cancer Pain. Clinical Trials and Meta-Analysis 29, no. 1: 41-7Google ScholarPubMed
Bienenfeld, L., Frishman, W., and Glasser, S. P.. 1996. The Placebo Effect in Cardiovascular Disease. American Heart Journal 132, no. 6: 1207-21CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blackwell, B., Bloomfield, S. S., and Buncher, C. R.. 1972. Demonstration to Medical Students of Placebo Responses and Non-Drug Factors. Lancet 1, no. 763: 1279-82CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blalock, J. E. 1984. The Immune System As a Sensory Organ. Journal of Immunology 132, no. 3: 1067-70Google ScholarPubMed
Boas, Franz. 1930. The Religion of the Kwakiutl Indians. Columbia University Contributions to Anthropology, vol. 10. New York: Columbia University Press
Boissel, J. P., Philippon, A. M., Gauthier, E., Schbath, J., and Destors, J. M.. 1986. Time Course of Long-Term Placebo Therapy Effects in Angina Pectoris. European Heart Journal 7, no. 12: 1030-6CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bok, Sissela. 1974. The Ethics of Giving Placebos. Scientific American 231, no. 5: 17-23CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Booth, R. J., and Ashbridge, K. R.. 1993. A Fresh Look at the Relationship Between the Psyche and Immune System: Teleological Coherence and Harmony of Purpose. Advances, The Journal of Mind-Body Health 9, no. 2: 4-23Google Scholar
Brace, C. Loring, Harry Nelson, and Noel Korn. 1971. Atlas of Fossil Man. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston
Braithwaite, A., and P. Cooper. Analgesic Effects of Branding in Treatment of Headaches. British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.) 282, no. 6276: 1576-8
Bretlau, P., Thomsen, J., Tos, M., and Johnsen, N. J.. 1989. Placebo Effect in Surgery for Meniere's Disease: Nine-Year Follow-Up. American Journal of Otology 10, no. 4: 259-61Google Scholar
Brewis, Alexandra, Karen, L. Schmidt, and Mary, Meyer. 2000. ADHD-Type Behavior and Harmful Dysfunction in Childhood: A Cross-Cultural Model. American Anthropologist 102, no. 4: 823-28CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brody, H., and Waters, D. B.. 1980. Diagnosis Is Treatment. Journal of Family Practice 10, no. 3: 445-9Google ScholarPubMed
Brown, Norman O. 1969. Hermes the Thief: The Evolution of a Myth. New York: Vintage Books
Bulkley, B. H., and Ross, R. S.. 1978. Coronary-Artery Bypass Surgery: It Works, But Why?Annals of Internal Medicine 88, no. 6: 835-6CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cassidy, C. M. 1998. Chinese Medicine Users in the United States. Part II: Preferred Aspects of Care. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine 4, no. 2: 189-202CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cattaneo, Agnelo D., Paolo, E. Lucchilli, and Giorgio, Filippucci. 1970. Sedative Effects of Placebo Treatment. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 3: 43-45CrossRefGoogle Scholar
CDPRG. 1980. Influence of Adherence to Treatment and Response of Cholesterol on Mortality in the Coronary Drug Project. New England Journal of Medicine 303, no. 18: 1038-41CrossRef
Cobb, L., Thomas, G. I., Dillard, D. H., Merendino, K. A., and Bruce, R. A.. 1959. An Evaluation of Internal-Mammary Artery Ligation by a Double Blind Technic. New England Journal of Medicine 260, no. 22: 1115-18CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Csordas, Thomas J. 2000. Theme Issue: Ritual Healing in Navajo Society. Medical Anthropology Quarterly 14, no. 4: 463-602CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dawes, Robyn M. 1994. House of Cards: Psychology and Psychotherapy Built on Myth. New York: The Free Press
Craen, A. J., Moerman, D. E., Heisterkamp, S. H., Tytgat, G. N., Tijssen, J. G., and Kleijnen, J.. 1999. Placebo Effect in the Treatment of Duodenal Ulcer. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 48, no. 6: 853-60CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Craen, A. J., Roos, P. J., Vries, A. Leonard, and Kleijnen, J.. 1996. Effect of Colour of Drugs: Systematic Review of Perceived Effect of Drugs and of Their Effectiveness. British Medical Journal 313, no. 7072: 1624-6CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Craen, A. J., Tijssen, J. G., Gans, J., and Kleijnen, J.. 2000. Placebo Effect in the Acute Treatment of Migraine: Subcutaneous Placebos Are Better Than Oral Placebos. Journal of Neurology 247, no. 3: 183-8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fuente-Fernandez, R., Ruth, T. J., Sossi, V., Schulzer, M., Calne, D. B., and Stoessl, A. J.. 2001. Expectation and Dopamine Release: Mechanism of the Placebo Effect in Parkinson's Disease. Science 293, no. 5532: 1164-6CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Del Mar, C. B., P. P. Glasziou, and A. B. Spinks. 2000. Antibiotics for Sore Throat (Cochrane Review). The Cochrane Library, Issue 1
Dimond, E. G., Kittle, C. F., and Crockett, J. E.. 1960. Comparison of Internal Mammary Ligation and Sham Operation for Angina Pectoris. American Journal of Cardiology 5: 483-6CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Douglas, Mary. 1966. Purity and Danger: An Analysis of the Concepts of Pollution and Taboo. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul
Dow, James. 1986a. The Shaman's Touch: Otomi Indian Symbolic Healing. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press
Dow, James 1986b. Universal Aspects of Symbolic Healing: A Theoretical Synthesis. American Anthropologist 88: 56-69CrossRef
Drinnan, M. J., and Marmor, M. F.. 1991. Functional Visual Loss in Cambodian Refugees: A study of Cultural Factors in Ophthalmology. European Journal of Ophthalmology 1, no. 3: 115-18CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dundee, J. W., Ghaly, R. G., Bill, K. M., Chestnutt, W. N., Fitzpatrick, K. T., and Lynas, A. G.. 1989. Effect of Stimulation of the P6 Antiemetic Point on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting. British Journal of Anaesthesia 63, no. 5: 612-8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Edgerton, Robert B. 1971. A Traditional African Psychiatrist. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology 27: 259-78CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eisenberg, D. M., Davis, R. B., Ettner, S. L., Appel, S., Wilkey, S., Rompay, M., and Kessler, R. C.. 1998. Trends in Alternative Medicine Use in the United States, 1990-1997: Results of a Follow-Up National Survey. Journal of the American Medical Association 280, no. 18: 1569-75CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ellenberg, S. S., and Temple, R.. 2000. Placebo-Controlled trials and Active-Control Trials in the Evaluation of New Treatments. Part 2: Practical Issues and Specific Cases. Annals of Internal Medicine 133, no. 6: 464-70CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Etkin, Nina L. 1992. “Side Effects”. Cultural Constructions and Reinterpretations of Western Pharmaceuticals. Medical Anthropology Quarterly 6, no. 2: 99-113CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eysenck, H. J. 1952. The Effects of Psychotherapy: An Evaluation. Journal of Consulting Psychology 16: 319-24CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eysenck, H. J. 1994. The Outcome Problem in Psychotherapy: What Have We Learned?Behaviour Research and Therapy 32, no. 5: 477-95CrossRef
Fadem, Stephen Z. 2000. A Doctor Gets Sick. Nephron Information Center. Http://w.w.w.Nephron.Com/Life.Html
Fallowfield, L. J., Hall, A., Maguire, G. P., and Baum, M.. 1990. Psychological Outcomes of Different Treatment Policies in Women With Early Breast Cancer Outside a Clinical Trial. British Medical Journal 301, no. 6752: 575-80CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fisher, S. 1967. The Placebo Reactor: Thesis, Antithesis, Synthesis, and Hypothesis. Diseases of the Nervous System 28, no. 8: 510-5Google ScholarPubMed
Fisher, S., and Fisher, R. L.. 1963. Placebo Response and Acquiescence. Psychopharmacologia 4: 298-301CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Floody, P. 2000. Personal Communication (February 28, 2000)
Gallagher, E. J., Viscoli, C. M., and Horwitz, R. I.. 1993. The Relationship of Treatment Adherence to the Risk of Death After Myocardial Infarction in Women. Journal of the American Medical Association 270, no. 6: 742-4CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gallucci, F., Bird, H. R., Berardi, C., Gallai, V., Pfanner, P., and Weinberg, A.. 1993. Symptoms of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in an Italian School Sample: Findings of a Pilot Study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 32, no. 5: 1051-8CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gartner, M. A. Jr., 1961. Selected Personality Differences Between Placebo Reactors and Nonreactors. Journal of the American Osteopathic Association 60: 377-78Google ScholarPubMed
Gaw, Albert. 1993. Culture, Ethnicity, and Mental Illness. 1st edn. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press
Geertz Clifford. 1973. Thick Description: Toward an Interpretive Theory of Culture. In The Interpretation of Cultures. Clifford Geertz, pp. 3-30. New York: Basic Books, Inc
Glover, Robert P. 1957. A New Surgical Approach to the Problem of Myocardial Revascularization in Coronary Artery Disease. Journal of Arkansas Medical Society 54, no. 6: 223-34Google ScholarPubMed
Goodman, Ellen. 2001. As Medicine Evolves, the ‘Placebo Effect’ Comes Undone. Boston Globe, May 31
Gracely, R. H., Deeter, W. R., Wolskee, P. J., et al. 1979. The Effect of Naloxone on Multidimensional Scales of Postsurgical Pain in Nonsedated Patients. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 5: 609Google Scholar
Gracely, R. H., Dubner, R., Deeter, W. R., and Wolskee, P. J.. 1985. Clinicians' Expectations Influence Placebo Analgesia. Lancet 1, no. 8419: 43CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gracely, R. H., Dubner, R., Wolskee, P. J., and Deeter, W. R.. 1983. Placebo and Naloxone Can Alter Post-Surgical Pain by Separate Mechanisms. Nature 306, no. 5940: 264-5CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Graham, N. M., Burrell, C. J., Douglas, R. M., Debelle, P., and Davies, L.. 1990. Adverse Effects of Aspirin, Acetaminophen, and Ibuprofen on Immune Function, Viral Shedding, and Clinical Status in Rhinovirus-Infected Volunteers. Journal of Infectious Diseases 162, no. 6: 1277-82CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grenfell, R. F., Briggs, A. H., and Holland, W. C.. 1961. A Double-Blind Study of the Treatment of Hypertension. Journal of the American Medical Association 176: 124-8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grevert, P., Albert, L. H., and Goldstein, A.. 1983. Partial Antagonism of Placebo Analgesia by Naloxone. Pain 16, no. 2: 129-43CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gryll, S. L., and Katahn, M.. 1978. Situational Factors Contributing to the Placebo Effect. Psychopharmacology 57: 253-61CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gudmand-Hoyer, E., Frost, F., Jensen, K. B., Krag, E., Rask-Madsen, J., Rahbek, I., Rune, S., and Wulff, H. R.. 1977. A Pragmatic Trial of Cimetidine in Duodenal Ulcer Patients. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 12, no. 5: 611-3CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hahn, Robert A. 1995. Sickness and Healing: An Anthropological Perspective. New Haven: Yale University Press
Harrington, Anne. 2002. “Seeing” the Placebo Effect: Historical Legacies and Present Opportunities. In The Science of the Placebo. Eds. Arthur Kleinman, Harold Guess, John Kusak, and Linda Engel, pp. 35-52. London: BMJ Books
Harris, Marvin. 1985. Good to Eat: Riddles of Food and Culture. New York: Simon and Schuster
Herrick, James William. 1978. Powerful Medicinal Plants in Traditional Iroquois Culture. New York State Journal of Medicine 78, no. 6: 979-87Google ScholarPubMed
Herrick, James W., and Dean R. Snow. 1995. Iroquois Medical Botany. 1st edn. The Iroquois and Their Neighbors. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press
Hirsch, G. M., Thompson, G. W., Arora, R. C., Hirsch, K. J., Sullivan, J. A., and Armour, J. A.. 1999. Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization Does Not Denervate the Canine Heart. Annals of Thoracic Surgery 68, no. 2: 460-8; discussion 468-9CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hogarty, G. E., and Goldberg, S. C.. 1973. Drugs and Sociotherapy in the Aftercare of Schizophrenic Patients. One-Year Relapse Rates. Archives of General Psychiatry 28, no. 1: 54-64CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Holland, H. Z., and Peter Guerra. 1998. A Conversation With Jerome Frank: CT Interviews Pioneer in Psychotherapy. Counseling Today, online version. http://www.counseling.org/ctonline/archives/ct0898/frank.htm
Horwitz, Ralph I., Catherine, M. Viscoli, Lisa, Berkman, Robert, M. Donaldson, Sarah, M. Horwitz, Carolyn, J. Murray, David, F. Ransohoff, and Jody, Sindelar. 1990. Treatment Adherence and Risk of Death After Myocardial Infarction. Lancet 336: 542-45CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Houston, W. R. 1938. The Doctor Himself As a Therapeutic Agent. Annals of Internal Medicine 11, no. 8: 1416-25Google Scholar
Hróbjartsson, A., and G⊘tzsche, P. C.. 2001. Is the Placebo Powerless? An Analysis of Clinical Trials Comparing Placebo With No Treatment. New England Journal of Medicine 344, no. 21: 1594-602CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Humphrey, Nicholas. 2002. Great Expectations: The Evolutionary Psychology of Faith-Healing and the Placebo Response. In The Mind Made Flesh: Essays From the Frontiers of Evolution and Psychology. Nicholas Humphrey, pp. 255-85. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Hussain, M. Z., and Ahad, A.. 1970. Tablet Colour in Anxiety States. British Medical Journal 3, no. 720: 466CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Idler, E. L., and Kasl, S.. 1991. Health Perceptions and Survival: Do Global Evaluations of Health Status Really Predict Mortality?Journal of Gerontology 46, no. 2: S55-65CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Irvine, J., Baker, B., Smith, J., Jandciu, S., Paquette, M., Cairns, J., Connolly, S., Roberts, R., Gent, M., and Dorian, P.. 1999. Poor Adherence to Placebo or Amiodarone Therapy Predicts Mortality: Results From the CAMIAT Study. Canadian Amiodarone Myocardial Infarction Arrhythmia Trial. Psychosomatic Medicine 61, no. 4: 566-75CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Johnson, A. G. 1994. Surgery As a Placebo. Lancet 344, no. 8930: 1140-2CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Johnson, Dirk. 1999. Many Schools Putting an End to Child's Play. New York Times, April 7, 1999
Jones, James H., and Tuskegee Institute. 1981. Bad Blood: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment. New York: Free Press, London: Collier Macmillan Publishers
Kantor, B., McKenna, C. J., Caccitolo, J. A., Miyauchi, K., Reeder, G. S., Mullany, C. J., Schaff, H. V., Holmes, D. R. Jr., and Schwartz, R. S.. 1999. Transmyocardial and Percutaneous Myocardial Revascularization: Current and Future Role in the Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 74, no. 6: 585-92CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kaplan, G. A., and Camacho, T.. 1983. Perceived Health and Mortality: A Nine-Year Follow-Up of the Human Population Laboratory Cohort. American Journal of Epidemiology 117, no. 3: 292-304CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kaplan, G. A., Seeman, T. E., Cohen, R. D., Knudsen, L. P., and Guralnik, J.. 1987. Mortality Among the Elderly in the Alameda County Study: Behavioral and Demographic Risk Factors. American Journal of Public Health 77, no. 3: 307-12CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kewman, D., and Roberts, A. H.. 1980. Skin Temperature Biofeedback and Migraine Headaches. A Double-Blind Study. Biofeedback and Self Regulation 5, no. 3: 327-45CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kirmayer, L. J., and Young, A.. 1998. Culture and Somatization: Clinical, Epidemiological, and Ethnographic Perspectives. Psychosomatic Medicine 60, no. 4: 420-30CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kirsch, I., and Weixel, L. J.. 1988. Double-Blind Versus Deceptive Administration of a Placebo. Behavioral Neuroscience 102, no. 2: 319-23CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kitchell, J. R., Glover, R. P., and Kyle, R. H.. 1958. Bilateral Internal Mammary Artery Ligation for Angina Pectoris: Preliminary Clinical Considerations. American Journal of Cardiology 1: 46-50CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kleinman, Arthur, M. D. 1988. Rethinking Psychiatry: From Cultural Category to Personal Experience. New York: The Free Press
Kluckhohn, Cylde, and Leland, C. Wyman. 1940. An Introduction to Navaho Chant Practice. Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 53: 1-204Google Scholar
Knipschild, P., Leffers, P., and Feinstein, A. R.. 1991. The Qualification Period. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 44, no. 6: 461-4CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Knipschild, P., Leffers, P., and Feinstein, A. R.. 1992. Value for the Money. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 45: 564-65CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lambert, R., Bader, J. P., Bernier, J. J., Bertrand, J., Betourne, C., Gastard, J., Laverdant, C., Ribet, A., Sahel, J., and Toulet, J.. 1977. Treatment of Duodenal and Gastric Ulcer with Cimetidine. A Multicenter Double-Blind Trial. Gastroenterologie Clinique Et Biologique 1, no. 11: 855-60Google ScholarPubMed
Landman, J. T., and Dawes, R. M.. 1982. Psychotherapy Outcome. Smith and Glass' Conclusions Stand Up Under Scrutiny. American Psychologist 37, no. 5: 504-16CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Landolfo, C. K., Landolfo, K. P., Hughes, G. C., Coleman, E. R., Coleman, R. B, and Lowe, J. E.. 1999. Intermediate-Term Clinical Outcome Following Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization in Patients With Refractory Angina Pectoris. Circulation 100, no. 19, Supplement II: 128-33CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Landray, M. J., and Lip, G. Y.. 1999. White Coat Hypertension: A Recognised Syndrome With Uncertain Implications. Journal of Human Hypertension 13, no. 1: 5-8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lang, J. M. 1992. No Free Lunch. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 45: 563-65CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lange, R. A., and Hillis, L. D.. 1999. Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization. New England Journal of Medicine 341, no. 14: 1075-6CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lanza, F., Goff, J., Scowcroft, C., Jennings, D., and Greski-Rose, P.. 1994. Double-Blind Comparison of Lansoprazole, Ranitidine, and Placebo in the Treatment of Acute Duodenal Ulcer. Lansoprazole Study Group. American Journal of Gastroenterology 89, no. 8: 1191-200Google ScholarPubMed
Laporte, J. R., and Figueras, A.. 1994. Placebo Effects in Psychiatry. Lancet 344, no. 8931: 1206-9CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lasagna, L. 1986. The Placebo Effect. Journal of Allergy Clinical Immunology 78, no. 1, Part 2: 161-5CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lebra, William P. 1976. Culture-Bound Syndromes, Ethnopsychiatry, and Alternate Therapies. Mental Health Research in Asia and the Pacific, vol. 4. Honolulu: University Press of Hawaii
Leon, Martin. 2000. DMR in Regeneration of Endomyocardial Channels Trial (DIRECT). American College of Cardiology http://www.acc.org/education/ online/trials/aha00/direct.htm
Leon, Martin B., Donald S. Baim, Jeffery W. Moses, Roger J. Laham, and William Knopf. 2000. A Randomized Blinded Clinical Trial Comparing Percutaneous Laser Myocardial Revascularization (Using Biosnese LV Mapping) Vs. Placebo in Patients With Refractory Coronary Ischemia. Paper Presented on American College of Cardiology website, http://www.ac.org/ education/online/trials/aha00/direct.htm
Leroi-Gourhan, Arlette. 1975. The Flowers Found with Shanidar IV, a Neanderthal Burial in Iraq. Science 190: 562-64CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leroi-Gourhan, Arlette 1998. Shanidar Et Ses Fleurs. Paléorient 24, no. 2: 79-88CrossRef
Leslie, Alan. 1954. Ethics and Practice of Placebo Therapy. American Journal of Medicine 16: 854-56CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leung, P. W., Luk, S. L., Ho, T. P., Taylor, E., Mak, F. L., and Bacon-Shone, J.. 1996. The Diagnosis and Prevalence of Hyperactivity in Chinese Schoolboys. British Journal of Psychiatry 168, no. 4: 486-96CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Levi-Strauss, Claude. 1967a. The Effectiveness of Symbols. In Structural Anthropology. Levi-Strauss, 180-201. Garden City, NY: Anchor Books
Levi-Strauss, Claude 1967b. The Sorcerer and His Magic. In Structural Anthropology. Levi-Strauss, 160-80. Garden City, NY: Anchor Books
Levine, J. D., Gordon, N. C., and Fields, H. L.. 1978. The Mechanism of Placebo Analgesia. Lancet 2, no. 8091: 654-7CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Liberman, R. P. 1967. The Elusive Placebo Reactor. Neuro-Psycho-Pharmacology: Proceedings of the Fifth International Congress of the Collegium Internationale Neuro-Psycho-Pharmacologicum, Chief Editor H. Brill, 557-66. Amsterdam: Excerpta Medica Foundation
Linde, C., Gadler, F., Kappenberger, L., and Ryden, L.. 1999. Placebo Effect of Pacemaker Implantation in Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. PIC Study Group. Pacing In Cardiomyopathy. American Journal of Cardiology 83, no. 6: 903-7CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lock, Margaret M. 1986a. Ambiguities of Aging: Japanese Experience and Perceptions of Menopause. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry 10: 23-46CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lock, Margaret M. 1986b. Introduction to Anthropological Approaches to Menopause. Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry 10, no. 1: 1-7
Lock, Margaret M. 1993. The Politics of Mid-Life and Menopause: Ideologies for the Second Sex in North America and Japan. Knowledge, Power and Practice: The Anthropology of Medicine and Everyday Life. Eds. Shirley Lindenbaum and Margaret Lock, 330-63. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press
Luborsky, L., Singer, B., and Luborsky, L.. 1975. Comparative Studies of Psychotherapies. Is It True that “Everyone Has Won and All Must Have Prizes”?Archives of General Psychiatry 32, no. 8: 995-1008CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lucchelli, P. E., Cattaneo, A. D., and Zattoni, J.. 1978. Effect of Capsule Colour and Order of Administration of Hypnotic Treatments. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 13, no. 2: 153-5CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Malchow, H., Sewing, K. F., Albinus, M., Horn, B., Schomerus, H., and Dolle, W.. 1978. [In-patient Treatment of Peptic Ulcer with Cimetidine. I. Effect on Duodenal Ulcer Healing (author's translation)]. Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift 103, no. 4: 149-52CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maretzki, T. W. 1987. The Kur in West Germany as an Interface Between Naturopathic and Allopathic Ideologies. Social Science and Medicine 24, no. 12: 1061-8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
MCATT. 1982. Untreated Mild Hypertension. Lancet 1: 185-91
McGrath, P. A. 1994. Psychological Aspects of Pain Perception. Archives of Oral Biology 39, Supplement: 55S-62SCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McGrew, W. C., and Tutin, C. E. G.. 1972. Chimpanzee Dentistry. Journal of the American Dental Association 85: 1198-204CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meade, Richard H. 1961. A History of Thoracic Surgery. Springfield, IL: C. C. Thomas
Medical Outcomes Trust, and Ware, John E. Jr. 2000. “The SF-36 Health Survey.” Web page. Available at http://www.qmetric.com/products/assessments/ sf36/SF-36.pdf, July, 2000
Melzack, R., and Wall, P. D.. 1965. Pain Mechanisms: A New Theory. Science 150, no. 699: 971-9CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miner, Horace. 1956. Body Ritual of the Nacirema. American Anthropologist 58: 503-7CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moerman, Daniel E. 1979. Anthropology of Symbolic Healing. Current Anthropology 20, no. 1: 59-80CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moerman, Daniel E. 1982. Geraniums for the Iroquois: A Field Guide to American Indian Medicinal Plants. Algonac, MI: Reference Publications
Moerman, Daniel E. 1983. Physiology and Symbols: The Anthropological Implications of the Placebo Effect. In The Anthropology of Medicine: From Culture to Method. 1st edn. Eds. Lola Romanucci-Ross, Daniel E. Moerman, and Laurence R. Tancredi, pp. 156-67. Westport, CT: Bergin and Garvey
Moerman, Daniel E. 1989. Poisoned Apples and Honeysuckles: The Medicinal Plants of Native America. Medical Anthropology Quarterly 3: 52-61CrossRef
Moerman, Daniel E. 1998a. Medical Romanticism and the Sources of Medical Practice. Complementary Therapies in Medicine 6: 198-202CrossRef
Moerman, Daniel E. 1998b. Native American Ethnobotany. Portland, OR: Timber Press
Moerman, Daniel E. 2000. Cultural Variations in the Placebo Effect: Ulcers, Anxiety, and Blood Pressure. Medical Anthropology Quarterly 14, no. 1: 1-22
Montgomery, Guy, and Irving, Kirsch. 1996. Mechanisms of Placebo Pain Reduction: An Empirical Investigation. Psychological Science 7, no. 3: 174-6CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morris, David B. 1997. Placebo, Pain, and Belief: A Biocultural Model. In The Placebo Effect: An Interdisciplinary Exploration. Ed. Anne Harrington, pp. 187-207. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
Morris, J., and Royle, G. T.. 1988. Offering Patients a Choice of Surgery for Early Breast Cancer: A Reduction in Anxiety and Depression in Patients and Their Husbands. Social Science and Medicine 26, no. 6: 583-5CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moseley, J. B. Jr., Wray, N. P., Kuykendall, D., Willis, K., and Landon, G.. 1996. Arthroscopic Treatment of Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Prospective, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Results of a Pilot Study. American Journal of Sports Medicine 24, no. 1: 28-34CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mossey, J. M., and Shapiro, E.. 1982. Self-Rated Health: A Predictor of Mortality Among the Elderly. American Journal of Public Health 72, no.8: 800-8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mouridsen, S. E., and Nielsen, S.. 1990. Reversible Somatotropin Deficiency (Psychosocial Dwarfism) Presenting As Conduct Disorder and Growth Hormone Deficiency. Development Medicine and Child Neurology 32, no. 12: 1093-8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Muller, B. P. 1965. Personality of Placebo Reactors and Nonreactors. Diseases of the Nervous System 26: 58-61Google ScholarPubMed
Murkin, J. M., Boyd, W. D., Ganapathy, S., Adams, S. J., and Peterson, R. C.. 1999. Beating Heart Surgery: Why Expect Less Central Nervous System Morbidity?Annals of Thoracic Surgery 68, no. 4: 1498-501CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
O'Brien, E. 1999. White Coat Hypertension: How Should It Be Diagnosed?Journal of Human Hypertension 13, no. 12: 801-2CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Parloff, M. B. 1986. Frank's “Common Elements” in Psychotherapy: Nonspecific Factors and Placebos. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 56, no. 4: 521-30CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Payer, Lynn. 1996. Medicine and Culture. New York: Henry Holt and Company
Pennebaker, J. W. 1990. Opening Up. The Healing Power of Confiding in Others. 1st edn. New York: Wm. Morrow & Co
Pennebaker, J. W., Barger, S. D., and Tiebout, J.. 1989. Disclosure of Traumas and Health Among Holocaust Survivors. Psychosomatic Medicine 51, no. 5: 577-89CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Petrie, K. J., Booth, R. J., Pennebaker, J. W., Davison, K. P., and Thomas, M. G.. 1995. Disclosure of Trauma and Immune Response to a Hepatitis B Vaccination Program. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 63, no. 5: 787-92CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pittman, Q. J., Veale, W. L., and Cooper, K. E.. 1976. Observations on the Effect of Salicylate in Fever and the Regulation of Body Temperature Against Cold. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 54, no. 2: 101-6CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pizzo, P. A., Robichaud, K. J., Edwards, B. K., Schumaker, C., Kramer, B. S., and Johnson, A.. 1983. Oral Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Patients With Cancer: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. Journal of Pediatrics 102, no. 1: 125-33CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Price, D. D. 2001. Assessing Placebo Effects Without Placebo Groups: An Untapped Possibility?Pain 90, no. 3: 201-3CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rothman, K. J. 1996. Placebo Mania. British Medical Journal 313, no. 7048: 3-4CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
, Rozee P. and Boemel, G.. 1989. The Psychological Effects of War Trauma and Abuse on Older Cambodian Refugee Women. Women and Therapy 8: 23-50Google Scholar
Sahlins, Marshall. 1976. The Use and Abuse of Biology: An Anthropological Critique of Sociobiology. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press
Sahlins, Marshall 1978. Culture and Practical Reason. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press
Salgado, J. A., Oliveira, C. A., Lima, G. F. Jr., and Paula, L. Castro. 1981. Endoscopic Findings after Antacid, Cimetidine and Placebo for Peptic Ulcer -Importance of Staging the Lesions. Arquivos De Gastroenterologia 18, no. 2: 51-3Google ScholarPubMed
Salinger, J. D. 1955. Franny and Zooey. Boston: Little, Brown and Company
Sallis, R. E., and Buckalew, L. W.. 1984. Relation of Capsule Color and Perceived Potency. Perceptual and Motor Skills 58, no. 3: 897-8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schapira, K., McClelland, H. A., Griffiths, N. R., and Newell, D. J.. 1970. Study on the Effects of Tablet Colour in the Treatment of Anxiety States. British Medical Journal 1, no. 707: 446-9CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schoenberger, J. A., and Wilson, D. J.. 1986. Once-Daily Treatment of Essential Hypertension with Captopril. Journal of Clinical Hypertension 2, no. 4: 379-87Google ScholarPubMed
Shapiro, Arthur K. 1964. Etiological Factors in Placebo Effect. Journal of the American Medical Association 187, no. 10: 712-15Google ScholarPubMed
Shapiro, Arthur K., and Elaine Shapiro. 1997. The Powerful Placebo From Ancient Priest to Modern Physician. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press
Sheldon, Ben C., and Verhulst, Simon. 1996. Ecological Immunology: Costly Parasite Defences and Trade-Offs in Evolutionary Ecology. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 11: 317-21CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Silko, Leslie Marmon. 1988. Ceremony. New York: Viking Penguin Inc
Simons, Ronald C., and Charles C. Hughes. 1985. The Culture-Bound Syndromes: Folk Illnesses of Psychiatric and Anthropological Interest. Culture, Illness, and Healing. Dordrecht, Boston, Hingham, MA: D. Reidel
Smith, M. L., and Glass, G. V.. 1977. Meta-Analysis of Psychotherapy Outcome Studies. American Psychologist 32, no. 9: 752-60CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Snow, Loudell F. 1993. Walkin' Over Medicine. Boulder, CO: Westview Press
Solecki, Ralph S. 1975. Shanidar IV, a Neanderthal Flower Burial in Northern Iraq. Science 190: 880-1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sontag, Susan. 1977. Illness as Metaphor. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Sontag, Susan 1988. Aids and Its Metaphors. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Spangfort, E. V. 1972. The Lumbar Disc Herniation. A Computer-Aided Analysis of 2,504 Operations. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica Supplementum 142: 1-95Google ScholarPubMed
Starfield, B., Wray, C., Hess, K., Gross, R., Birk, P. S., and D'Lugoff, B. C.. 1981. The Influence of Patient-Practitioner Agreement on Outcome of Care. American Journal of Public Health 71, no. 2: 127-31CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sternbach, Richard, and Bernard, Tursky. 1965. Ethnic Differences Among Housewives in Psychophysical and Skin Potential Responses to Electric Shock. Psychophysiology 1: 241-46CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stewart, M. A. 1995. Effective Physician-Patient Communication and Health Outcomes: A Review. CMAJ 152, no. 9: 1423-33Google ScholarPubMed
Straus, B., Eisenberg, J., and Gennis, J.. 1955. Hypnotic Effects of an Antihistamine-Methapyrilene Hydrochloride. Annals of Internal Medicine 42: 574Google ScholarPubMed
Strupp, H. H. 1986. The Nonspecific Hypothesis of Therapeutic Effectiveness: A Current Assessment. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 56, no. 4: 513-20CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Strupp, H. H., and Hadley, S. W.. 1979. Specific Vs. Nonspecific Factors in Psychotherapy. A Controlled Study of Outcome. Archives of General Psychiatry 36, no. 10: 1125-36CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Svensson, E., Råberg, L., Koch, C., and Hasselquist, D.. 1998. Energetic Stress, Imunosuppression and the Costs of an Antibody Response. Functional Ecology 12: 912-19CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Talbot, Margaret. 2000. The Placebo Prescription. New York Times Magazine. January 9. 34-39, 44, 58-60Google Scholar
Talley, P. F., Strupp, H. H., and Morey, L. C.. 1990. Matchmaking in Psychotherapy: Patient-Therapist Dimensions and Their Impact on Outcome. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 58, no. 2: 182-8CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Temple, R., and Ellenberg, S. S.. 2000. Placebo-Controlled Trials and Active-Control Trials in the Evaluation of New Treatments. Part 1: Ethical and Scientific Issues. Annals of Internal Medicine 133, no. 6: 455-63CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thomas, K. B. 1987. General Practice Consultations: Is There Any Point in Being Positive? British Medical Journal 294, no. 6581: 1200-2CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thomsen, J., Bretlau, P., Tos, M., and Johnsen, N. J.. 1981. Placebo Effect in Surgery for Meniere's Disease. A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study on Endolymphatic Sac Shunt Surgery. Archives of Otolaryngology 107, no. 5: 271-7CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trivedi, M. H., and Rush, H.. 1994. Does a Placebo Run-in or a Placebo Treatment Cell Affect the Efficacy of Antidepressant Medications? Neuropsychopharmacology 11, no. 1: 33-43CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Turner, J. A., Deyo, R. A., Loeser, J. D., Korff, M., and Fordyce, W. E.. 1994. The Importance of Placebo Effects in Pain Treatment and Research. Journal of the American Medical Association 271, no. 20: 1609-14CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tursky, Bernard, and Sternbach, Richard A.. 1967. Further Physiological Correlates of Ethnic Differences in Responses to Shock. Psychophysiology, no. 67-74CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Uhlenhuth, E. H., Rickels, K., Fisher, S., Park, L. C., Lipman, R. S., and Mock, J.. 1966. Drug, Doctor's Verbal Attitude and Clinic Setting in Symptomatic Response to Pharmacotherapy. Psychopharmacology 9: 392-418CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ulrich, R. S. 1984. View Through a Window May Influence Recovery From Surgery. Science 224, no. 4647: 420-1CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vaccarino, A. L., and Kastin, A. J.. 2000. Endogenous Opiates: 1999. Peptides 21, no. 12: 1975-2034CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Valdes, M., McCallister, B. D., McConahay, D. R., Reed, W. A., Killen, D. A., and Arnold, M.. 1979. “Sham Operation” Revisited: A Comparison of Complete Vs. Unsuccessful Coronary Artery Bypass. American Journal of Cardiology 43: 382Google Scholar
Vickers, A. J. 1996. Can Acupuncture Have Specific Effects on Health? A Systematic Review of Acupuncture Antiemesis Trials. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 89, no. 6: 303-11CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walike, B. C., and Meyer, B.. 1966. Relation Between Placebo Reactivity and Selected Personality Factors. Nursing Research. 15: 119-23CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wall, P. D. 1993. Pain and the Placebo Response. Ciba Foundation Symposium 174: 187-211; discussion 212-6Google ScholarPubMed
Watkins, A. D. 1995. Perceptions, Emotions and Immunity: An Integrated Homeostatic Network. Quarterly Journal of Medicine 88, no. 4: 283-94Google Scholar
Welling, D. B., and Nagaraja, H. N.. 2000. Endolymphatic Mastoid Shunt: A Re-evaluation of Efficacy. Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 122, no. 3: 340-5CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, J. M. 1999. Effects of Relaxing Music on Cardiac Autonomic Balance and Anxiety After Acute Myocardial Infarction. American Journal of Critical Care 8, no. 4: 220-30Google ScholarPubMed
Whitehorn, John C., and Betz, Barbara J.. 1960. Further Studies of the Doctor As a Crucial Variable in the Outcome of Treatment With Schizophrenic Patients. American Journal of Psychiatry 117, no. 3: 215-23CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wickramasekera, I. 1980. A Conditioned Response Model of the Placebo Effect Predictions From the Model. Biofeedback and Self Regulation 5, no. 1: 5-18CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wierzbicka, Anna. 1989. Soul and Mind: Linguistic Evidence for Ethnopsychology and Cultural History. American Anthropologist 91: 41-58CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolff, B. Berthold, and Langley, Sarah. 1968. Cultural Factors and the Response to Pain. American Anthropologist 70, no. 3: 494-501CrossRefGoogle Scholar
World Health Organization. 1992. ICD-10 International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. 10th edn. Geneva: World Health Organization
World Medical Association. “Welcome to the World Medical Association.” Web page, available at http://www.wma.net/
Wyman, Leland Clifton. 1970. Blessingway. With Three Versions of the Myth Recorded and Translated From the Navajo by Berard Haile. Translator Berard Haile. Tucson: University of Arizona Press
Zborowski, Mark. 1952. Cultural Components in Responses to Pain. Journal of Social Issues 8: 16-30CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zborowski, Mark 1969. People in Pain. 1st edn. The Jossey-Bass Behavioral Science Series. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass
Zohar, A. H., Ratzoni, G., Pauls, D. L., Apter, A., Bleich, A., Kron, S., Rappaport, M., Weizman, A., and Cohen, D. J.. 1992. An Epidemiological Study of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Related Disorders in Israeli Adolescents. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 31, no. 6: 1057-61CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ader, Robert. 1997. The Role of Conditioning in Pharmacotherapy. In The Placebo Effect: An Interdisciplinary Exploration. Ed. Anne Harrington, 138-65. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
Ader, R., and Cohen, N.. 1975. Behaviorally Conditioned Immunosuppression. Psychosomatic Medicine 37, no. 4: 333-40CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Al-Sheikh, T., Allen, K. B., Straka, S. P., Heimansohn, D. A., Fain, R. L., Hutchins, G. D., Sawada, S. G., Zipes, D. P., and Engelstein, E. D.. 1999. Cardiac Sympathetic Denervation After Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization. Circulation 100, no. 2: 135-40CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Amanzio, M., Pollo, A., Maggi, G, and Benedetti, F.. 2001. Response Variability to Analgesics: A Role for Non-Specific Activation of Endogenous Opioids. Pain 90, no. 3: 205-15CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
American Psychiatric Association. 1994. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-IV. 4th edn. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association
Bailar, J. C. III. 2001. The Powerful Placebo and the Wizard of Oz. New England Journal of Medicine 344, no. 21: 1630-2CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bass, M. J., C. Buck, L. Turner, G. Dickie, G. Pratt, and H. C. Robinson. 1986. The Physician's Actions and the Outcome of Illness in Family Practice. Journal of Family Practice 23, no. 1: 43-7
Bates, M. S., Edwards, W. T., and Anderson, K. O.. 1993. Ethnocultural Influences on Variation in Chronic Pain Perception. Pain 52, no. 1: 101-12CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beecher, Henry K. 1946. Pain in Men Wounded in Battle. The Bulletin of the US Army Medical Service 5: 445-54Google ScholarPubMed
Beers, Mark H. and Robert Berkow. 1999. The Merck Manual. 17th edn. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck & Co
Begay, D. H., and Maryboy, N. C.. 2000. The Whole Universe Is My Cathedral: A Contemporary Navajo Spiritual Synthesis. Medical Anthropology Quarterly 14, no. 4: 498-520CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beinfield, Harriet, and Efrem Korngold. 1991. Between Heaven and Earth: A Guide to Chinese Medicine. New York: Ballantine Books
Benedetti, F. 1996. The Opposite Effects of the Opiate Antagonist Naloxone and the Cholecystokinin Antagonist Proglumide on Placebo Analgesia. Pain 64, no. 3: 535-43CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Benedetti, F. 2000. Personal Communication (July 14, 2000)
Benedetti, F., and Amanzio, M.. 1997. The Neurobiology of Placebo Analgesia: From Endogenous Opioids to Cholecystokinin. Progress in Neurobiology 52, no. 2: 109-25CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Benedetti, F., Amanzio, M., Baldi, S., Casadio, C., Cavallo, A., Mancuso, M., Ruffini, E., Oliaro, A., and Maggi, G.. 1998. The Specific Effects of Prior Opioid Exposure on Placebo Analgesia and Placebo Respiratory Depression. Pain 75, no. 2-3: 313-19CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Benedetti, F., Amanzio, M., Baldi, S., Casadio, C., and Maggi, G.. 1999. Inducing Placebo Respiratory Depressant Responses in Humans Via Opioid Receptors. European Journal of Neuroscience 11, no. 2: 625-31CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Benson, Herbert, and David, P. McCallie Jr., 1979. Angina Pectoris and the Placebo Effect. New England Journal of Medicine 300, no. 25: 1424-9Google ScholarPubMed
Bergmann, J. F., Chassany, O., Gandiol, J., Deblois, P., Kanis, J. A., Segrestaa, J. M., Caulin, C., and Dahan, R.. 1994. A Randomised Clinical Trial of the Effect of Informed Consent on the Analgesic Activity of Placebo and Naproxen in Cancer Pain. Clinical Trials and Meta-Analysis 29, no. 1: 41-7Google ScholarPubMed
Bienenfeld, L., Frishman, W., and Glasser, S. P.. 1996. The Placebo Effect in Cardiovascular Disease. American Heart Journal 132, no. 6: 1207-21CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blackwell, B., Bloomfield, S. S., and Buncher, C. R.. 1972. Demonstration to Medical Students of Placebo Responses and Non-Drug Factors. Lancet 1, no. 763: 1279-82CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blalock, J. E. 1984. The Immune System As a Sensory Organ. Journal of Immunology 132, no. 3: 1067-70Google ScholarPubMed
Boas, Franz. 1930. The Religion of the Kwakiutl Indians. Columbia University Contributions to Anthropology, vol. 10. New York: Columbia University Press
Boissel, J. P., Philippon, A. M., Gauthier, E., Schbath, J., and Destors, J. M.. 1986. Time Course of Long-Term Placebo Therapy Effects in Angina Pectoris. European Heart Journal 7, no. 12: 1030-6CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bok, Sissela. 1974. The Ethics of Giving Placebos. Scientific American 231, no. 5: 17-23CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Booth, R. J., and Ashbridge, K. R.. 1993. A Fresh Look at the Relationship Between the Psyche and Immune System: Teleological Coherence and Harmony of Purpose. Advances, The Journal of Mind-Body Health 9, no. 2: 4-23Google Scholar
Brace, C. Loring, Harry Nelson, and Noel Korn. 1971. Atlas of Fossil Man. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston
Braithwaite, A., and P. Cooper. Analgesic Effects of Branding in Treatment of Headaches. British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.) 282, no. 6276: 1576-8
Bretlau, P., Thomsen, J., Tos, M., and Johnsen, N. J.. 1989. Placebo Effect in Surgery for Meniere's Disease: Nine-Year Follow-Up. American Journal of Otology 10, no. 4: 259-61Google Scholar
Brewis, Alexandra, Karen, L. Schmidt, and Mary, Meyer. 2000. ADHD-Type Behavior and Harmful Dysfunction in Childhood: A Cross-Cultural Model. American Anthropologist 102, no. 4: 823-28CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brody, H., and Waters, D. B.. 1980. Diagnosis Is Treatment. Journal of Family Practice 10, no. 3: 445-9Google ScholarPubMed
Brown, Norman O. 1969. Hermes the Thief: The Evolution of a Myth. New York: Vintage Books
Bulkley, B. H., and Ross, R. S.. 1978. Coronary-Artery Bypass Surgery: It Works, But Why?Annals of Internal Medicine 88, no. 6: 835-6CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cassidy, C. M. 1998. Chinese Medicine Users in the United States. Part II: Preferred Aspects of Care. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine 4, no. 2: 189-202CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cattaneo, Agnelo D., Paolo, E. Lucchilli, and Giorgio, Filippucci. 1970. Sedative Effects of Placebo Treatment. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 3: 43-45CrossRefGoogle Scholar
CDPRG. 1980. Influence of Adherence to Treatment and Response of Cholesterol on Mortality in the Coronary Drug Project. New England Journal of Medicine 303, no. 18: 1038-41CrossRef
Cobb, L., Thomas, G. I., Dillard, D. H., Merendino, K. A., and Bruce, R. A.. 1959. An Evaluation of Internal-Mammary Artery Ligation by a Double Blind Technic. New England Journal of Medicine 260, no. 22: 1115-18CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Csordas, Thomas J. 2000. Theme Issue: Ritual Healing in Navajo Society. Medical Anthropology Quarterly 14, no. 4: 463-602CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dawes, Robyn M. 1994. House of Cards: Psychology and Psychotherapy Built on Myth. New York: The Free Press
Craen, A. J., Moerman, D. E., Heisterkamp, S. H., Tytgat, G. N., Tijssen, J. G., and Kleijnen, J.. 1999. Placebo Effect in the Treatment of Duodenal Ulcer. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 48, no. 6: 853-60CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Craen, A. J., Roos, P. J., Vries, A. Leonard, and Kleijnen, J.. 1996. Effect of Colour of Drugs: Systematic Review of Perceived Effect of Drugs and of Their Effectiveness. British Medical Journal 313, no. 7072: 1624-6CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Craen, A. J., Tijssen, J. G., Gans, J., and Kleijnen, J.. 2000. Placebo Effect in the Acute Treatment of Migraine: Subcutaneous Placebos Are Better Than Oral Placebos. Journal of Neurology 247, no. 3: 183-8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fuente-Fernandez, R., Ruth, T. J., Sossi, V., Schulzer, M., Calne, D. B., and Stoessl, A. J.. 2001. Expectation and Dopamine Release: Mechanism of the Placebo Effect in Parkinson's Disease. Science 293, no. 5532: 1164-6CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Del Mar, C. B., P. P. Glasziou, and A. B. Spinks. 2000. Antibiotics for Sore Throat (Cochrane Review). The Cochrane Library, Issue 1
Dimond, E. G., Kittle, C. F., and Crockett, J. E.. 1960. Comparison of Internal Mammary Ligation and Sham Operation for Angina Pectoris. American Journal of Cardiology 5: 483-6CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Douglas, Mary. 1966. Purity and Danger: An Analysis of the Concepts of Pollution and Taboo. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul
Dow, James. 1986a. The Shaman's Touch: Otomi Indian Symbolic Healing. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press
Dow, James 1986b. Universal Aspects of Symbolic Healing: A Theoretical Synthesis. American Anthropologist 88: 56-69CrossRef
Drinnan, M. J., and Marmor, M. F.. 1991. Functional Visual Loss in Cambodian Refugees: A study of Cultural Factors in Ophthalmology. European Journal of Ophthalmology 1, no. 3: 115-18CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dundee, J. W., Ghaly, R. G., Bill, K. M., Chestnutt, W. N., Fitzpatrick, K. T., and Lynas, A. G.. 1989. Effect of Stimulation of the P6 Antiemetic Point on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting. British Journal of Anaesthesia 63, no. 5: 612-8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Edgerton, Robert B. 1971. A Traditional African Psychiatrist. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology 27: 259-78CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eisenberg, D. M., Davis, R. B., Ettner, S. L., Appel, S., Wilkey, S., Rompay, M., and Kessler, R. C.. 1998. Trends in Alternative Medicine Use in the United States, 1990-1997: Results of a Follow-Up National Survey. Journal of the American Medical Association 280, no. 18: 1569-75CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ellenberg, S. S., and Temple, R.. 2000. Placebo-Controlled trials and Active-Control Trials in the Evaluation of New Treatments. Part 2: Practical Issues and Specific Cases. Annals of Internal Medicine 133, no. 6: 464-70CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Etkin, Nina L. 1992. “Side Effects”. Cultural Constructions and Reinterpretations of Western Pharmaceuticals. Medical Anthropology Quarterly 6, no. 2: 99-113CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eysenck, H. J. 1952. The Effects of Psychotherapy: An Evaluation. Journal of Consulting Psychology 16: 319-24CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eysenck, H. J. 1994. The Outcome Problem in Psychotherapy: What Have We Learned?Behaviour Research and Therapy 32, no. 5: 477-95CrossRef
Fadem, Stephen Z. 2000. A Doctor Gets Sick. Nephron Information Center. Http://w.w.w.Nephron.Com/Life.Html
Fallowfield, L. J., Hall, A., Maguire, G. P., and Baum, M.. 1990. Psychological Outcomes of Different Treatment Policies in Women With Early Breast Cancer Outside a Clinical Trial. British Medical Journal 301, no. 6752: 575-80CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fisher, S. 1967. The Placebo Reactor: Thesis, Antithesis, Synthesis, and Hypothesis. Diseases of the Nervous System 28, no. 8: 510-5Google ScholarPubMed
Fisher, S., and Fisher, R. L.. 1963. Placebo Response and Acquiescence. Psychopharmacologia 4: 298-301CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Floody, P. 2000. Personal Communication (February 28, 2000)
Gallagher, E. J., Viscoli, C. M., and Horwitz, R. I.. 1993. The Relationship of Treatment Adherence to the Risk of Death After Myocardial Infarction in Women. Journal of the American Medical Association 270, no. 6: 742-4CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gallucci, F., Bird, H. R., Berardi, C., Gallai, V., Pfanner, P., and Weinberg, A.. 1993. Symptoms of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in an Italian School Sample: Findings of a Pilot Study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 32, no. 5: 1051-8CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gartner, M. A. Jr., 1961. Selected Personality Differences Between Placebo Reactors and Nonreactors. Journal of the American Osteopathic Association 60: 377-78Google ScholarPubMed
Gaw, Albert. 1993. Culture, Ethnicity, and Mental Illness. 1st edn. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press
Geertz Clifford. 1973. Thick Description: Toward an Interpretive Theory of Culture. In The Interpretation of Cultures. Clifford Geertz, pp. 3-30. New York: Basic Books, Inc
Glover, Robert P. 1957. A New Surgical Approach to the Problem of Myocardial Revascularization in Coronary Artery Disease. Journal of Arkansas Medical Society 54, no. 6: 223-34Google ScholarPubMed
Goodman, Ellen. 2001. As Medicine Evolves, the ‘Placebo Effect’ Comes Undone. Boston Globe, May 31
Gracely, R. H., Deeter, W. R., Wolskee, P. J., et al. 1979. The Effect of Naloxone on Multidimensional Scales of Postsurgical Pain in Nonsedated Patients. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 5: 609Google Scholar
Gracely, R. H., Dubner, R., Deeter, W. R., and Wolskee, P. J.. 1985. Clinicians' Expectations Influence Placebo Analgesia. Lancet 1, no. 8419: 43CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gracely, R. H., Dubner, R., Wolskee, P. J., and Deeter, W. R.. 1983. Placebo and Naloxone Can Alter Post-Surgical Pain by Separate Mechanisms. Nature 306, no. 5940: 264-5CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Graham, N. M., Burrell, C. J., Douglas, R. M., Debelle, P., and Davies, L.. 1990. Adverse Effects of Aspirin, Acetaminophen, and Ibuprofen on Immune Function, Viral Shedding, and Clinical Status in Rhinovirus-Infected Volunteers. Journal of Infectious Diseases 162, no. 6: 1277-82CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grenfell, R. F., Briggs, A. H., and Holland, W. C.. 1961. A Double-Blind Study of the Treatment of Hypertension. Journal of the American Medical Association 176: 124-8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grevert, P., Albert, L. H., and Goldstein, A.. 1983. Partial Antagonism of Placebo Analgesia by Naloxone. Pain 16, no. 2: 129-43CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gryll, S. L., and Katahn, M.. 1978. Situational Factors Contributing to the Placebo Effect. Psychopharmacology 57: 253-61CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gudmand-Hoyer, E., Frost, F., Jensen, K. B., Krag, E., Rask-Madsen, J., Rahbek, I., Rune, S., and Wulff, H. R.. 1977. A Pragmatic Trial of Cimetidine in Duodenal Ulcer Patients. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 12, no. 5: 611-3CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hahn, Robert A. 1995. Sickness and Healing: An Anthropological Perspective. New Haven: Yale University Press
Harrington, Anne. 2002. “Seeing” the Placebo Effect: Historical Legacies and Present Opportunities. In The Science of the Placebo. Eds. Arthur Kleinman, Harold Guess, John Kusak, and Linda Engel, pp. 35-52. London: BMJ Books
Harris, Marvin. 1985. Good to Eat: Riddles of Food and Culture. New York: Simon and Schuster
Herrick, James William. 1978. Powerful Medicinal Plants in Traditional Iroquois Culture. New York State Journal of Medicine 78, no. 6: 979-87Google ScholarPubMed
Herrick, James W., and Dean R. Snow. 1995. Iroquois Medical Botany. 1st edn. The Iroquois and Their Neighbors. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press
Hirsch, G. M., Thompson, G. W., Arora, R. C., Hirsch, K. J., Sullivan, J. A., and Armour, J. A.. 1999. Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization Does Not Denervate the Canine Heart. Annals of Thoracic Surgery 68, no. 2: 460-8; discussion 468-9CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hogarty, G. E., and Goldberg, S. C.. 1973. Drugs and Sociotherapy in the Aftercare of Schizophrenic Patients. One-Year Relapse Rates. Archives of General Psychiatry 28, no. 1: 54-64CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Holland, H. Z., and Peter Guerra. 1998. A Conversation With Jerome Frank: CT Interviews Pioneer in Psychotherapy. Counseling Today, online version. http://www.counseling.org/ctonline/archives/ct0898/frank.htm
Horwitz, Ralph I., Catherine, M. Viscoli, Lisa, Berkman, Robert, M. Donaldson, Sarah, M. Horwitz, Carolyn, J. Murray, David, F. Ransohoff, and Jody, Sindelar. 1990. Treatment Adherence and Risk of Death After Myocardial Infarction. Lancet 336: 542-45CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Houston, W. R. 1938. The Doctor Himself As a Therapeutic Agent. Annals of Internal Medicine 11, no. 8: 1416-25Google Scholar
Hróbjartsson, A., and G⊘tzsche, P. C.. 2001. Is the Placebo Powerless? An Analysis of Clinical Trials Comparing Placebo With No Treatment. New England Journal of Medicine 344, no. 21: 1594-602CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Humphrey, Nicholas. 2002. Great Expectations: The Evolutionary Psychology of Faith-Healing and the Placebo Response. In The Mind Made Flesh: Essays From the Frontiers of Evolution and Psychology. Nicholas Humphrey, pp. 255-85. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Hussain, M. Z., and Ahad, A.. 1970. Tablet Colour in Anxiety States. British Medical Journal 3, no. 720: 466CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Idler, E. L., and Kasl, S.. 1991. Health Perceptions and Survival: Do Global Evaluations of Health Status Really Predict Mortality?Journal of Gerontology 46, no. 2: S55-65CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Irvine, J., Baker, B., Smith, J., Jandciu, S., Paquette, M., Cairns, J., Connolly, S., Roberts, R., Gent, M., and Dorian, P.. 1999. Poor Adherence to Placebo or Amiodarone Therapy Predicts Mortality: Results From the CAMIAT Study. Canadian Amiodarone Myocardial Infarction Arrhythmia Trial. Psychosomatic Medicine 61, no. 4: 566-75CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Johnson, A. G. 1994. Surgery As a Placebo. Lancet 344, no. 8930: 1140-2CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Johnson, Dirk. 1999. Many Schools Putting an End to Child's Play. New York Times, April 7, 1999
Jones, James H., and Tuskegee Institute. 1981. Bad Blood: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment. New York: Free Press, London: Collier Macmillan Publishers
Kantor, B., McKenna, C. J., Caccitolo, J. A., Miyauchi, K., Reeder, G. S., Mullany, C. J., Schaff, H. V., Holmes, D. R. Jr., and Schwartz, R. S.. 1999. Transmyocardial and Percutaneous Myocardial Revascularization: Current and Future Role in the Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 74, no. 6: 585-92CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kaplan, G. A., and Camacho, T.. 1983. Perceived Health and Mortality: A Nine-Year Follow-Up of the Human Population Laboratory Cohort. American Journal of Epidemiology 117, no. 3: 292-304CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kaplan, G. A., Seeman, T. E., Cohen, R. D., Knudsen, L. P., and Guralnik, J.. 1987. Mortality Among the Elderly in the Alameda County Study: Behavioral and Demographic Risk Factors. American Journal of Public Health 77, no. 3: 307-12CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kewman, D., and Roberts, A. H.. 1980. Skin Temperature Biofeedback and Migraine Headaches. A Double-Blind Study. Biofeedback and Self Regulation 5, no. 3: 327-45CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kirmayer, L. J., and Young, A.. 1998. Culture and Somatization: Clinical, Epidemiological, and Ethnographic Perspectives. Psychosomatic Medicine 60, no. 4: 420-30CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kirsch, I., and Weixel, L. J.. 1988. Double-Blind Versus Deceptive Administration of a Placebo. Behavioral Neuroscience 102, no. 2: 319-23CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kitchell, J. R., Glover, R. P., and Kyle, R. H.. 1958. Bilateral Internal Mammary Artery Ligation for Angina Pectoris: Preliminary Clinical Considerations. American Journal of Cardiology 1: 46-50CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kleinman, Arthur, M. D. 1988. Rethinking Psychiatry: From Cultural Category to Personal Experience. New York: The Free Press
Kluckhohn, Cylde, and Leland, C. Wyman. 1940. An Introduction to Navaho Chant Practice. Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 53: 1-204Google Scholar
Knipschild, P., Leffers, P., and Feinstein, A. R.. 1991. The Qualification Period. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 44, no. 6: 461-4CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Knipschild, P., Leffers, P., and Feinstein, A. R.. 1992. Value for the Money. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 45: 564-65CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lambert, R., Bader, J. P., Bernier, J. J., Bertrand, J., Betourne, C., Gastard, J., Laverdant, C., Ribet, A., Sahel, J., and Toulet, J.. 1977. Treatment of Duodenal and Gastric Ulcer with Cimetidine. A Multicenter Double-Blind Trial. Gastroenterologie Clinique Et Biologique 1, no. 11: 855-60Google ScholarPubMed
Landman, J. T., and Dawes, R. M.. 1982. Psychotherapy Outcome. Smith and Glass' Conclusions Stand Up Under Scrutiny. American Psychologist 37, no. 5: 504-16CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Landolfo, C. K., Landolfo, K. P., Hughes, G. C., Coleman, E. R., Coleman, R. B, and Lowe, J. E.. 1999. Intermediate-Term Clinical Outcome Following Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization in Patients With Refractory Angina Pectoris. Circulation 100, no. 19, Supplement II: 128-33CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Landray, M. J., and Lip, G. Y.. 1999. White Coat Hypertension: A Recognised Syndrome With Uncertain Implications. Journal of Human Hypertension 13, no. 1: 5-8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lang, J. M. 1992. No Free Lunch. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 45: 563-65CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lange, R. A., and Hillis, L. D.. 1999. Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization. New England Journal of Medicine 341, no. 14: 1075-6CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lanza, F., Goff, J., Scowcroft, C., Jennings, D., and Greski-Rose, P.. 1994. Double-Blind Comparison of Lansoprazole, Ranitidine, and Placebo in the Treatment of Acute Duodenal Ulcer. Lansoprazole Study Group. American Journal of Gastroenterology 89, no. 8: 1191-200Google ScholarPubMed
Laporte, J. R., and Figueras, A.. 1994. Placebo Effects in Psychiatry. Lancet 344, no. 8931: 1206-9CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lasagna, L. 1986. The Placebo Effect. Journal of Allergy Clinical Immunology 78, no. 1, Part 2: 161-5CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lebra, William P. 1976. Culture-Bound Syndromes, Ethnopsychiatry, and Alternate Therapies. Mental Health Research in Asia and the Pacific, vol. 4. Honolulu: University Press of Hawaii
Leon, Martin. 2000. DMR in Regeneration of Endomyocardial Channels Trial (DIRECT). American College of Cardiology http://www.acc.org/education/ online/trials/aha00/direct.htm
Leon, Martin B., Donald S. Baim, Jeffery W. Moses, Roger J. Laham, and William Knopf. 2000. A Randomized Blinded Clinical Trial Comparing Percutaneous Laser Myocardial Revascularization (Using Biosnese LV Mapping) Vs. Placebo in Patients With Refractory Coronary Ischemia. Paper Presented on American College of Cardiology website, http://www.ac.org/ education/online/trials/aha00/direct.htm
Leroi-Gourhan, Arlette. 1975. The Flowers Found with Shanidar IV, a Neanderthal Burial in Iraq. Science 190: 562-64CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leroi-Gourhan, Arlette 1998. Shanidar Et Ses Fleurs. Paléorient 24, no. 2: 79-88CrossRef
Leslie, Alan. 1954. Ethics and Practice of Placebo Therapy. American Journal of Medicine 16: 854-56CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leung, P. W., Luk, S. L., Ho, T. P., Taylor, E., Mak, F. L., and Bacon-Shone, J.. 1996. The Diagnosis and Prevalence of Hyperactivity in Chinese Schoolboys. British Journal of Psychiatry 168, no. 4: 486-96CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Levi-Strauss, Claude. 1967a. The Effectiveness of Symbols. In Structural Anthropology. Levi-Strauss, 180-201. Garden City, NY: Anchor Books
Levi-Strauss, Claude 1967b. The Sorcerer and His Magic. In Structural Anthropology. Levi-Strauss, 160-80. Garden City, NY: Anchor Books
Levine, J. D., Gordon, N. C., and Fields, H. L.. 1978. The Mechanism of Placebo Analgesia. Lancet 2, no. 8091: 654-7CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Liberman, R. P. 1967. The Elusive Placebo Reactor. Neuro-Psycho-Pharmacology: Proceedings of the Fifth International Congress of the Collegium Internationale Neuro-Psycho-Pharmacologicum, Chief Editor H. Brill, 557-66. Amsterdam: Excerpta Medica Foundation
Linde, C., Gadler, F., Kappenberger, L., and Ryden, L.. 1999. Placebo Effect of Pacemaker Implantation in Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. PIC Study Group. Pacing In Cardiomyopathy. American Journal of Cardiology 83, no. 6: 903-7CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lock, Margaret M. 1986a. Ambiguities of Aging: Japanese Experience and Perceptions of Menopause. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry 10: 23-46CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lock, Margaret M. 1986b. Introduction to Anthropological Approaches to Menopause. Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry 10, no. 1: 1-7
Lock, Margaret M. 1993. The Politics of Mid-Life and Menopause: Ideologies for the Second Sex in North America and Japan. Knowledge, Power and Practice: The Anthropology of Medicine and Everyday Life. Eds. Shirley Lindenbaum and Margaret Lock, 330-63. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press
Luborsky, L., Singer, B., and Luborsky, L.. 1975. Comparative Studies of Psychotherapies. Is It True that “Everyone Has Won and All Must Have Prizes”?Archives of General Psychiatry 32, no. 8: 995-1008CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lucchelli, P. E., Cattaneo, A. D., and Zattoni, J.. 1978. Effect of Capsule Colour and Order of Administration of Hypnotic Treatments. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 13, no. 2: 153-5CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Malchow, H., Sewing, K. F., Albinus, M., Horn, B., Schomerus, H., and Dolle, W.. 1978. [In-patient Treatment of Peptic Ulcer with Cimetidine. I. Effect on Duodenal Ulcer Healing (author's translation)]. Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift 103, no. 4: 149-52CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maretzki, T. W. 1987. The Kur in West Germany as an Interface Between Naturopathic and Allopathic Ideologies. Social Science and Medicine 24, no. 12: 1061-8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
MCATT. 1982. Untreated Mild Hypertension. Lancet 1: 185-91
McGrath, P. A. 1994. Psychological Aspects of Pain Perception. Archives of Oral Biology 39, Supplement: 55S-62SCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McGrew, W. C., and Tutin, C. E. G.. 1972. Chimpanzee Dentistry. Journal of the American Dental Association 85: 1198-204CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meade, Richard H. 1961. A History of Thoracic Surgery. Springfield, IL: C. C. Thomas
Medical Outcomes Trust, and Ware, John E. Jr. 2000. “The SF-36 Health Survey.” Web page. Available at http://www.qmetric.com/products/assessments/ sf36/SF-36.pdf, July, 2000
Melzack, R., and Wall, P. D.. 1965. Pain Mechanisms: A New Theory. Science 150, no. 699: 971-9CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miner, Horace. 1956. Body Ritual of the Nacirema. American Anthropologist 58: 503-7CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moerman, Daniel E. 1979. Anthropology of Symbolic Healing. Current Anthropology 20, no. 1: 59-80CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moerman, Daniel E. 1982. Geraniums for the Iroquois: A Field Guide to American Indian Medicinal Plants. Algonac, MI: Reference Publications
Moerman, Daniel E. 1983. Physiology and Symbols: The Anthropological Implications of the Placebo Effect. In The Anthropology of Medicine: From Culture to Method. 1st edn. Eds. Lola Romanucci-Ross, Daniel E. Moerman, and Laurence R. Tancredi, pp. 156-67. Westport, CT: Bergin and Garvey
Moerman, Daniel E. 1989. Poisoned Apples and Honeysuckles: The Medicinal Plants of Native America. Medical Anthropology Quarterly 3: 52-61CrossRef
Moerman, Daniel E. 1998a. Medical Romanticism and the Sources of Medical Practice. Complementary Therapies in Medicine 6: 198-202CrossRef
Moerman, Daniel E. 1998b. Native American Ethnobotany. Portland, OR: Timber Press
Moerman, Daniel E. 2000. Cultural Variations in the Placebo Effect: Ulcers, Anxiety, and Blood Pressure. Medical Anthropology Quarterly 14, no. 1: 1-22
Montgomery, Guy, and Irving, Kirsch. 1996. Mechanisms of Placebo Pain Reduction: An Empirical Investigation. Psychological Science 7, no. 3: 174-6CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morris, David B. 1997. Placebo, Pain, and Belief: A Biocultural Model. In The Placebo Effect: An Interdisciplinary Exploration. Ed. Anne Harrington, pp. 187-207. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
Morris, J., and Royle, G. T.. 1988. Offering Patients a Choice of Surgery for Early Breast Cancer: A Reduction in Anxiety and Depression in Patients and Their Husbands. Social Science and Medicine 26, no. 6: 583-5CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moseley, J. B. Jr., Wray, N. P., Kuykendall, D., Willis, K., and Landon, G.. 1996. Arthroscopic Treatment of Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Prospective, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Results of a Pilot Study. American Journal of Sports Medicine 24, no. 1: 28-34CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mossey, J. M., and Shapiro, E.. 1982. Self-Rated Health: A Predictor of Mortality Among the Elderly. American Journal of Public Health 72, no.8: 800-8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mouridsen, S. E., and Nielsen, S.. 1990. Reversible Somatotropin Deficiency (Psychosocial Dwarfism) Presenting As Conduct Disorder and Growth Hormone Deficiency. Development Medicine and Child Neurology 32, no. 12: 1093-8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Muller, B. P. 1965. Personality of Placebo Reactors and Nonreactors. Diseases of the Nervous System 26: 58-61Google ScholarPubMed
Murkin, J. M., Boyd, W. D., Ganapathy, S., Adams, S. J., and Peterson, R. C.. 1999. Beating Heart Surgery: Why Expect Less Central Nervous System Morbidity?Annals of Thoracic Surgery 68, no. 4: 1498-501CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
O'Brien, E. 1999. White Coat Hypertension: How Should It Be Diagnosed?Journal of Human Hypertension 13, no. 12: 801-2CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Parloff, M. B. 1986. Frank's “Common Elements” in Psychotherapy: Nonspecific Factors and Placebos. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 56, no. 4: 521-30CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Payer, Lynn. 1996. Medicine and Culture. New York: Henry Holt and Company
Pennebaker, J. W. 1990. Opening Up. The Healing Power of Confiding in Others. 1st edn. New York: Wm. Morrow & Co
Pennebaker, J. W., Barger, S. D., and Tiebout, J.. 1989. Disclosure of Traumas and Health Among Holocaust Survivors. Psychosomatic Medicine 51, no. 5: 577-89CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Petrie, K. J., Booth, R. J., Pennebaker, J. W., Davison, K. P., and Thomas, M. G.. 1995. Disclosure of Trauma and Immune Response to a Hepatitis B Vaccination Program. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 63, no. 5: 787-92CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pittman, Q. J., Veale, W. L., and Cooper, K. E.. 1976. Observations on the Effect of Salicylate in Fever and the Regulation of Body Temperature Against Cold. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 54, no. 2: 101-6CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pizzo, P. A., Robichaud, K. J., Edwards, B. K., Schumaker, C., Kramer, B. S., and Johnson, A.. 1983. Oral Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Patients With Cancer: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. Journal of Pediatrics 102, no. 1: 125-33CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Price, D. D. 2001. Assessing Placebo Effects Without Placebo Groups: An Untapped Possibility?Pain 90, no. 3: 201-3CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rothman, K. J. 1996. Placebo Mania. British Medical Journal 313, no. 7048: 3-4CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
, Rozee P. and Boemel, G.. 1989. The Psychological Effects of War Trauma and Abuse on Older Cambodian Refugee Women. Women and Therapy 8: 23-50Google Scholar
Sahlins, Marshall. 1976. The Use and Abuse of Biology: An Anthropological Critique of Sociobiology. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press
Sahlins, Marshall 1978. Culture and Practical Reason. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press
Salgado, J. A., Oliveira, C. A., Lima, G. F. Jr., and Paula, L. Castro. 1981. Endoscopic Findings after Antacid, Cimetidine and Placebo for Peptic Ulcer -Importance of Staging the Lesions. Arquivos De Gastroenterologia 18, no. 2: 51-3Google ScholarPubMed
Salinger, J. D. 1955. Franny and Zooey. Boston: Little, Brown and Company
Sallis, R. E., and Buckalew, L. W.. 1984. Relation of Capsule Color and Perceived Potency. Perceptual and Motor Skills 58, no. 3: 897-8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schapira, K., McClelland, H. A., Griffiths, N. R., and Newell, D. J.. 1970. Study on the Effects of Tablet Colour in the Treatment of Anxiety States. British Medical Journal 1, no. 707: 446-9CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schoenberger, J. A., and Wilson, D. J.. 1986. Once-Daily Treatment of Essential Hypertension with Captopril. Journal of Clinical Hypertension 2, no. 4: 379-87Google ScholarPubMed
Shapiro, Arthur K. 1964. Etiological Factors in Placebo Effect. Journal of the American Medical Association 187, no. 10: 712-15Google ScholarPubMed
Shapiro, Arthur K., and Elaine Shapiro. 1997. The Powerful Placebo From Ancient Priest to Modern Physician. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press
Sheldon, Ben C., and Verhulst, Simon. 1996. Ecological Immunology: Costly Parasite Defences and Trade-Offs in Evolutionary Ecology. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 11: 317-21CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Silko, Leslie Marmon. 1988. Ceremony. New York: Viking Penguin Inc
Simons, Ronald C., and Charles C. Hughes. 1985. The Culture-Bound Syndromes: Folk Illnesses of Psychiatric and Anthropological Interest. Culture, Illness, and Healing. Dordrecht, Boston, Hingham, MA: D. Reidel
Smith, M. L., and Glass, G. V.. 1977. Meta-Analysis of Psychotherapy Outcome Studies. American Psychologist 32, no. 9: 752-60CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Snow, Loudell F. 1993. Walkin' Over Medicine. Boulder, CO: Westview Press
Solecki, Ralph S. 1975. Shanidar IV, a Neanderthal Flower Burial in Northern Iraq. Science 190: 880-1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sontag, Susan. 1977. Illness as Metaphor. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Sontag, Susan 1988. Aids and Its Metaphors. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Spangfort, E. V. 1972. The Lumbar Disc Herniation. A Computer-Aided Analysis of 2,504 Operations. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica Supplementum 142: 1-95Google ScholarPubMed
Starfield, B., Wray, C., Hess, K., Gross, R., Birk, P. S., and D'Lugoff, B. C.. 1981. The Influence of Patient-Practitioner Agreement on Outcome of Care. American Journal of Public Health 71, no. 2: 127-31CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sternbach, Richard, and Bernard, Tursky. 1965. Ethnic Differences Among Housewives in Psychophysical and Skin Potential Responses to Electric Shock. Psychophysiology 1: 241-46CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stewart, M. A. 1995. Effective Physician-Patient Communication and Health Outcomes: A Review. CMAJ 152, no. 9: 1423-33Google ScholarPubMed
Straus, B., Eisenberg, J., and Gennis, J.. 1955. Hypnotic Effects of an Antihistamine-Methapyrilene Hydrochloride. Annals of Internal Medicine 42: 574Google ScholarPubMed
Strupp, H. H. 1986. The Nonspecific Hypothesis of Therapeutic Effectiveness: A Current Assessment. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 56, no. 4: 513-20CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Strupp, H. H., and Hadley, S. W.. 1979. Specific Vs. Nonspecific Factors in Psychotherapy. A Controlled Study of Outcome. Archives of General Psychiatry 36, no. 10: 1125-36CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Svensson, E., Råberg, L., Koch, C., and Hasselquist, D.. 1998. Energetic Stress, Imunosuppression and the Costs of an Antibody Response. Functional Ecology 12: 912-19CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Talbot, Margaret. 2000. The Placebo Prescription. New York Times Magazine. January 9. 34-39, 44, 58-60Google Scholar
Talley, P. F., Strupp, H. H., and Morey, L. C.. 1990. Matchmaking in Psychotherapy: Patient-Therapist Dimensions and Their Impact on Outcome. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 58, no. 2: 182-8CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Temple, R., and Ellenberg, S. S.. 2000. Placebo-Controlled Trials and Active-Control Trials in the Evaluation of New Treatments. Part 1: Ethical and Scientific Issues. Annals of Internal Medicine 133, no. 6: 455-63CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thomas, K. B. 1987. General Practice Consultations: Is There Any Point in Being Positive? British Medical Journal 294, no. 6581: 1200-2CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thomsen, J., Bretlau, P., Tos, M., and Johnsen, N. J.. 1981. Placebo Effect in Surgery for Meniere's Disease. A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study on Endolymphatic Sac Shunt Surgery. Archives of Otolaryngology 107, no. 5: 271-7CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trivedi, M. H., and Rush, H.. 1994. Does a Placebo Run-in or a Placebo Treatment Cell Affect the Efficacy of Antidepressant Medications? Neuropsychopharmacology 11, no. 1: 33-43CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Turner, J. A., Deyo, R. A., Loeser, J. D., Korff, M., and Fordyce, W. E.. 1994. The Importance of Placebo Effects in Pain Treatment and Research. Journal of the American Medical Association 271, no. 20: 1609-14CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tursky, Bernard, and Sternbach, Richard A.. 1967. Further Physiological Correlates of Ethnic Differences in Responses to Shock. Psychophysiology, no. 67-74CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Uhlenhuth, E. H., Rickels, K., Fisher, S., Park, L. C., Lipman, R. S., and Mock, J.. 1966. Drug, Doctor's Verbal Attitude and Clinic Setting in Symptomatic Response to Pharmacotherapy. Psychopharmacology 9: 392-418CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ulrich, R. S. 1984. View Through a Window May Influence Recovery From Surgery. Science 224, no. 4647: 420-1CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vaccarino, A. L., and Kastin, A. J.. 2000. Endogenous Opiates: 1999. Peptides 21, no. 12: 1975-2034CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Valdes, M., McCallister, B. D., McConahay, D. R., Reed, W. A., Killen, D. A., and Arnold, M.. 1979. “Sham Operation” Revisited: A Comparison of Complete Vs. Unsuccessful Coronary Artery Bypass. American Journal of Cardiology 43: 382Google Scholar
Vickers, A. J. 1996. Can Acupuncture Have Specific Effects on Health? A Systematic Review of Acupuncture Antiemesis Trials. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 89, no. 6: 303-11CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walike, B. C., and Meyer, B.. 1966. Relation Between Placebo Reactivity and Selected Personality Factors. Nursing Research. 15: 119-23CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wall, P. D. 1993. Pain and the Placebo Response. Ciba Foundation Symposium 174: 187-211; discussion 212-6Google ScholarPubMed
Watkins, A. D. 1995. Perceptions, Emotions and Immunity: An Integrated Homeostatic Network. Quarterly Journal of Medicine 88, no. 4: 283-94Google Scholar
Welling, D. B., and Nagaraja, H. N.. 2000. Endolymphatic Mastoid Shunt: A Re-evaluation of Efficacy. Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 122, no. 3: 340-5CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, J. M. 1999. Effects of Relaxing Music on Cardiac Autonomic Balance and Anxiety After Acute Myocardial Infarction. American Journal of Critical Care 8, no. 4: 220-30Google ScholarPubMed
Whitehorn, John C., and Betz, Barbara J.. 1960. Further Studies of the Doctor As a Crucial Variable in the Outcome of Treatment With Schizophrenic Patients. American Journal of Psychiatry 117, no. 3: 215-23CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wickramasekera, I. 1980. A Conditioned Response Model of the Placebo Effect Predictions From the Model. Biofeedback and Self Regulation 5, no. 1: 5-18CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wierzbicka, Anna. 1989. Soul and Mind: Linguistic Evidence for Ethnopsychology and Cultural History. American Anthropologist 91: 41-58CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolff, B. Berthold, and Langley, Sarah. 1968. Cultural Factors and the Response to Pain. American Anthropologist 70, no. 3: 494-501CrossRefGoogle Scholar
World Health Organization. 1992. ICD-10 International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. 10th edn. Geneva: World Health Organization
World Medical Association. “Welcome to the World Medical Association.” Web page, available at http://www.wma.net/
Wyman, Leland Clifton. 1970. Blessingway. With Three Versions of the Myth Recorded and Translated From the Navajo by Berard Haile. Translator Berard Haile. Tucson: University of Arizona Press
Zborowski, Mark. 1952. Cultural Components in Responses to Pain. Journal of Social Issues 8: 16-30CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zborowski, Mark 1969. People in Pain. 1st edn. The Jossey-Bass Behavioral Science Series. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass
Zohar, A. H., Ratzoni, G., Pauls, D. L., Apter, A., Bleich, A., Kron, S., Rappaport, M., Weizman, A., and Cohen, D. J.. 1992. An Epidemiological Study of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Related Disorders in Israeli Adolescents. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 31, no. 6: 1057-61CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • References
  • Daniel E. Moerman, University of Michigan, Dearborn
  • Book: Meaning, Medicine and the 'Placebo Effect'
  • Online publication: 05 June 2012
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511810855.015
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • References
  • Daniel E. Moerman, University of Michigan, Dearborn
  • Book: Meaning, Medicine and the 'Placebo Effect'
  • Online publication: 05 June 2012
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511810855.015
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • References
  • Daniel E. Moerman, University of Michigan, Dearborn
  • Book: Meaning, Medicine and the 'Placebo Effect'
  • Online publication: 05 June 2012
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511810855.015
Available formats
×