Economic inequality in the United States began an upward march around 1970. As of 2019, the pace may have slowed but any changes were far from reversing almost five decades of distributional deterioration. Inequality’s ascent can be tracked from two angles – income and wealth. This chapter will look at rising income disparity across households. Chapter 2 shows how income differences showed up macroeconomically. Chapter 3 addresses the distribution of wealth at the macroeconomic and household levels, and Chapter 4 examines the sectoral structure of production.