Book contents
- The Life, Extinction, and Rebreeding of Quagga Zebras
- Ecology, Biodiversity and Conservation
- The Life, Extinction, and Rebreeding of Quagga Zebras
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- 1 Zebras
- 2 Quaggas
- 3 Coat Coloration
- 4 Quaggas, Zebras, and Humans in Southern Africa
- 5 Quaggas Abroad
- 6 Extinction
- 7 Afterlife
- 8 Rebreeding
- 9 Identity and Conservation
- Book part
- Notes
- Bibliography
- Index
- References
Bibliography
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 30 April 2022
Book contents
- The Life, Extinction, and Rebreeding of Quagga Zebras
- Ecology, Biodiversity and Conservation
- The Life, Extinction, and Rebreeding of Quagga Zebras
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- 1 Zebras
- 2 Quaggas
- 3 Coat Coloration
- 4 Quaggas, Zebras, and Humans in Southern Africa
- 5 Quaggas Abroad
- 6 Extinction
- 7 Afterlife
- 8 Rebreeding
- 9 Identity and Conservation
- Book part
- Notes
- Bibliography
- Index
- References
Summary
A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- The Life, Extinction, and Rebreeding of Quagga ZebrasSignificance for Conservation, pp. 196 - 218Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2022
References
Adhikari, M. Anatomy of a South African Genocide: The Extermination of the Cape San Peoples. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alston, J. M., Maitland, B. M., Brito, B. T., Esmaeili, S., Ford, A. T., Hays, B., … Goheen, J. R.. “Reciprocity in Restoration Ecology: When Might Large Carnivore Reintroduction Restore Ecosystems?” BIOC Biological Conservation 234 (2019): 82–89.Google Scholar
Anon. “Acute Indigestion, Gorged Stomach, or Stomach Staggers of the Horse.” The Agricultural Journal of the Cape of Good Hope 15, no. 9 (1899): 590–91.Google Scholar
Anon. “Back from the Dead? First Quagga Project Sales Reach Record Prices at Auction.” The Quagga Project, 2017. https://quaggaproject.org/first-quagga-project-sales-.Google Scholar
Anon. “Bontebok Damaliscus pygargus.” San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance, 2020. https://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/bontebok, last accessed December 8, 2020.Google Scholar
Anon. “Coordinator Reports.” The Quagga Project, n.d. https://quaggaproject.org/project-coordination/.Google Scholar
Anon. “For Wild Zebra ~ It’s All About the Spots.” Simply Marvelous Horse World, 2012. https://simplymarvelous.wordpress.com/tag/spotted-zebra/, last accessed August 10, 2017.Google Scholar
Anon. “Harvard-MIT Mathematics Tournament.” 2003. www.hmmt.co/static/archive/february/solutions/2003/sguts03.pdf, last accessed October 22, 2016.Google Scholar
Anon. “Hunters Back Bid to Rebreed the Quagga.” The Argus (South Africa). September 17, 1987.Google Scholar
Anon. “Jan Christoffel Greyling Kemp (1872–1946).” WikiTree, n.d. www.wikitree.com/wiki/Kemp-8046, last accessed November 17, 2021.Google Scholar
Anon. “Karoo National Park.” South African National Parks, n.d. www.sanparks.org/parks/karoo/conservation/ff/mammals.php, last accessed December 5, 2021.Google Scholar
,. “Quagga Not Extinct. Herds in South-West Africa. Convincing Story from Namib.” The Star (Johannesburg). June 18, 1932.Google Scholar
Anon. “The Quagga Project.” Wedderwill South Africa, updated January 17, 2011. http://wedderwill.co.za/category/blog/.Google Scholar
Anon. “Selous Zebra.” Blue Forest Safaris, n.d. www.wild-about-you.com/GameSelousZebra.htm.Google Scholar
Anon. “Symbols.” Western Cape Provincial Parliament, 2013. www.wcpp.gov.za/symbols, last accessed December 7, 2020.Google Scholar
Anon. “Threatened Species Programme.” Red List of South African Plants, 2020. http://redlist.sanbi.org/.Google Scholar
Anon. “To Search for Quagga in Remote Hills. Expedition to Leave Soon for S.W. Africa.” The Cape Argus. March 8, 1952.Google Scholar
Anon. “View Quaggas.” The Quagga Project, n.d. https://quaggaproject.org/view-quaggas/.Google Scholar
Anon. “What Is a Quagga?” The Quagga Project, n.d. https://quaggaproject.org/what-is-a-quagga/.Google Scholar
Anon. “What Is a Quagga? Phylogenetic Analysis of the Quagga.” Allan Wilson Centre, 2015. www.allanwilsoncentre.ac.nz/massey/learning/departments/centres-research/allan-wilson-centre/our-research/resources/recreate-the-research/what-is-a-quagga/phylogenetic-analysis-of-the-quagga.cfm.Google Scholar
Antonius, O. “On the Geographical Distribution, in Former Times and Today, of the Recent Equidæ.” Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London B107, no. 4 (1938): 557–64.Google Scholar
Baard, E. H. W. “Distribution and Status of the Geometric Tortoise Psammobates geometricus in South Africa.” Biological Conservation 63, no. 3 (1993): 235–39.Google Scholar
Baines, T. “The Greatest Hunt in History near Bloemfontein 1860.” 1861. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_greatest_hunt_in_history_near_Bloemfontein_1860.jpg, last accessed October 16, 2021.Google Scholar
Baines, T. Journal of Residence in Africa, 1842–1853. 2 vols. Cape Town: Van Riebeeck Society, 1961–64.Google Scholar
Baker, S. W. “William Cotton Oswell: A Biographical Sketch.” In Big Game Shooting. Edited by Phillipps-Wolley, C., 28–29. London: Longmans, Green & Co., 1894.Google Scholar
Bales, S. L. Ghost Birds: Jim Tanner and the Quest for the Ivory-Billed Woodpecker, 1935–1941. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Bank, A. “Anthropology and Portrait Photography: Gustav Fritsch’s ‘Natives of South Africa,’ 1863–1872.” Kronos (Bellville, South Africa) 27 (2001): 43–76.Google Scholar
Bank, A. Bushmen in a Victorian World: The Remarkable Story of the Bleek-Lloyd Collection of Bushman Folklore. Cape Town: Double Storey, 2006.Google Scholar
Bard, J. B. L. “A Model for Generating Aspects of Zebra and Other Mammalian Coat Patterns.” Journal of Theoretical Biology 93, no. 2 (1981): 363–85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bard, J. B. L. “A Unity Underlying the Different Zebra Striping Patterns.” Journal of Zoology 183, no. 4 (1977): 527–39.Google Scholar
Barnaby, D. “The Karoo Receives Plains Zebras from the Quagga Project.” International Zoo News, no. 291 (1999): 94–98.Google Scholar
Barnaby, D., Adams, J., and Bartlett Society. Quagga Quotations: A Quagga Bibliography. Southampton: Bartlett Society, 2001.Google Scholar
Barnard, A. Bushmen: Kalahari Hunter-Gatherers and Their Descendants. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019.Google Scholar
Barnard, B. J. “Epidemiology of African Horse Sickness and the Role of the Zebra in South Africa.” Archives of Virology. Supplementum 14 (1998): 13–19.Google ScholarPubMed
Barnett, R., Yamaguchi, N., Barnes, I., and Cooper, A.. “Lost Populations and Preserving Genetic Diversity in the Lion Panthera leo: Implications for Its Ex Situ Conservation.” Conservation Genetics 7, no. 4 (2006): 507–14.Google Scholar
Barrow, J. An Account of Travels into the Interior of Southern Africa, in Years 1797 and 1798. 2 vols. London: T. Cadell, 1801–04.Google Scholar
Beddard, F. E. Natural History in Zoological Gardens. London: A. Constable & Co., 1905.Google Scholar
Beilfuss, R. D., Bento, C. M., Haldane, M., and Ribaue, M.. Status and Distribution of Large Herbivores in the Marromeu Complex of the Zambezi Delta, Mozambique. Maputo, Mozambique: World Wide Fund for Nature, 2010.Google Scholar
Beinart, W. “The Night of the Jackal: Sheep, Pastures and Predators in the Cape.” Past and Present, no. 158 (1998): 172–206.Google Scholar
Bennett, J. R., Maloney, R. F., Steeves, T. E., Brazill-Boast, J., Possingham, H. P., and Seddon, P. J.. “Spending Limited Resources on De-Extinction Could Lead to Net Biodiversity Loss.” Nature Ecology & Evolution 1, no. 4 (2017): 1–4.Google Scholar
Berridge, W. S., and Westell, W. P.. The Book of the Zoo. London: J. M. Dent & Sons, 1911.Google Scholar
Beschta, R. L., and Ripple, W. J.. “Riparian Vegetation Recovery in Yellowstone: The First Two Decades after Wolf Reintroduction.” BIOC Biological Conservation 198 (2016): 93–103.Google Scholar
Bisseker, C. “Genetic Science Helps Right the Wrongs of the Past.” Financial Mail 158, no. 4 (2000): 41.Google Scholar
Bleek, W. H. I., and Lloyd, L.. “The Digital Bleek and Lloyd.” http://lloydbleekcollection.cs.uct.ac.za.Google Scholar
Bleek, W. H. I., Lloyd, L., and McCall Theal, G.. Specimens of Bushman Folklore. London: G. Allen & Co., 1911.Google Scholar
Boddaert, P. Sistens Quadrupedia. Elenchus Animalium, vol. 1, Roterodami: C. R. Hake, 1785.Google Scholar
Boshoff, A. F., and Kerley, L. J., “Potential Distributions of the Medium- to Large-Sized Mammals in the Cape Floristic Region, Based on Historical Accounts and Habitat Requirements.” African Zoology 36, no. 2 (2001): 245–73.Google Scholar
Boshoff, A., Landman, M., and Kerley, G., “Filling the Gaps on the Maps: Historical Distribution Patterns of Some Larger Mammals in Part of Southern Africa.” Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 71, no. 1 (2016): 23–87.Google Scholar
Brakes, P., Dall, S. R. X., Aplin, L. M., Bearhop, S., Carroll, E. L., Ciucci, P., … Rutz, C.. “Animal Cultures Matter for Conservation.” Science 363, no. 6431 (2019): 1032–34.Google Scholar
Brubaker, A. S., and Coss, R. G.. “Evolutionary Constraints on Equid Domestication: Comparison of Flight Initiation Distances of Wild Horses (Equus caballus ferus) and Plains Zebras (Equus quagga).” Journal of Comparative Psychology 129, no. 4 (2015): 366–76.Google Scholar
Bryden, H. A. “The Blesbok.” In Great and Small Game of Africa. Edited by Bryden, H. A., 183–90. London: R. Ward, 1899.Google Scholar
Bryden, H. A. Kloof and Karroo: Sport, Legend and Natural History in Cape Colony. London: Longmans, Green & Co., 1889.Google Scholar
Bryden, H. A. “The Quagga (Equus quagga).” In Great and Small Game of Africa. Edited by Bryden, H. A., 72–79. London: R. Ward, 1899.Google Scholar
Buckley, T. E. “On the Past and Present Geographical Distribution of the Large Mammals of South Africa.” Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 44, no. 1 (1876): 277–93.Google Scholar
Burchell, W. J. Travels in the Interior of Southern Africa. 2 vols. London: Printed for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, Paternoster-Row, 1822–24.Google Scholar
Burkhardt, R. W. “Closing the Door on Lord Morton’s Mare: The Rise and Fall of Telegony.” Studies in History of Biology 3 (1979): 1–21.Google Scholar
Burns, P. R. “Quagga Stamps” Cryptozoology and Philately, 2003. www.pibburns.com/cryptost/quagga.htm.Google Scholar
Büttiker-Otto, W. Memories of a Scientist: The Carp Expedition to the Save River in Zimbabwe and Mozambique. Basel: Basler Afrika Bibliographien, 2008.Google Scholar
Cabrera, A. “Subspecific and Individual Variation in the Burchell Zebras.” Journal of Mammalogy 17, no. 2 (1936): 89–112.Google Scholar
Caccone, Gisella. “How a Zebra Lost Its Stripes: Rapid Evolution of the Quagga.” Yale News, 2005. https://news.yale.edu/2005/09/26/how-zebra-lost-its-stripes-rapid-evolution-quagga.Google Scholar
Cain, J. W., Owen-Smith, N., and Macandza, V. A.. “The Costs of Drinking: Comparative Water Dependency of Sable Antelope and Zebra.” Journal of Zoology 286, no. 1 (2012): 58–67.Google Scholar
Cape of Good Hope. “Proclamation by His Excellency General the Right Honorable Lord Charles Somerset, 21 March 1822.” In Records of the Cape Colony. Edited by Theal, G. M., 150–55. Printed for the Government of the Cape Colony, 1905.Google Scholar
Caro, T., Izzo, A., Reiner, R. C. Jr., Walker, H., and Stankowich, T.. “The Function of Zebra Stripes.” Nature Communications 5 (2014): 3535.Google Scholar
Caro, T., and Stankowich, T.. “Concordance on Zebra Stripes: A Comment on Larison et al.” Royal Society Open Science 2 (2015): 150323.Google Scholar
Carp, B. “A Quagga Chase in South-West Africa.” African Wild Life 6, no. 2 (1952): 100–5.Google Scholar
Carpenter, K. “Halaelurus quagga (Alcock, 1899), Quagga Catshark.” Fishbase, 2017. www.fishbase.se/summary/824, last accessed October 14, 2021.Google Scholar
Carruthers, J. “Changing Perspectives on Wildlife in Southern Africa, c.1840 to c.1914.” Society and Animals 13, no. 3 (2005): 183–99.Google Scholar
Carruthers, J. National Park Science: A Century of Research in South Africa. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017.Google Scholar
Cary [Mungall], E. R. “History and Extinction of the Quagga: Barking Horse of the Karroo.” BS Dissertation, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1970.Google Scholar
Clarke, J. Overkill: The Race to Save Africa’s Wildlife. Cape Town: Struik Nature, 2017.Google Scholar
Clasquin, M. Quagga Kultuur: Reflections on South African Popular Culture. Wierda Park, Gauteng: Auroroa Press, 2003.Google Scholar
Cloudsley-Thompson, J. L. “Frederick Courteney Selous.” The Linnean 16, no. 2 (2000): 24–31.Google Scholar
Cobb, A., and Cobb, S.. “Do Zebra Stripes Influence Thermoregulation?” Journal of Natural History 53, no. 13–14 (2019): 863–79.Google Scholar
Copeland, S. R., Cawthra, H. C., Fisher, E. C., Cowling, R. M., le Roux, P. J., Hodgkins, J., and Marean, C.. “Strontium Isotope Investigation of Ungulate Movement Patterns on the Pleistocene Paleo-Agulhas Plain of the Greater Cape Floristic Region, South Africa.” Quaternary Science Reviews 141 (2016): 65–84.Google Scholar
Cordingley, J. E., Sundaresan, S. R., Fischhoff, I. R., Shapiro, B., Ruskey, J., and Rubenstein, D. I.. “Is the Endangered Grevy’s Zebra Threatened by Hybridization? Occurrence of Hybridization between Two Wild Zebra Species.” Animal Conservation 12, no. 6 (2009): 505–13.Google Scholar
Cowie, H. Exhibiting Animals in Nineteenth-Century Britain: Empathy, Education, Entertainment. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crais, C. C., and Scully, P.. Sara Baartman and the Hottentot Venus: A Ghost Story and a Biography. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Crean, A. J., Kopps, A. M., and Bonduriansky, R.. “Revisiting Telegony: Offspring Inherit an Acquired Characteristic of Their Mother’s Previous Mate.” Ecology Letters 17, no. 12 (2014): 1545–52.Google Scholar
Cucchi, T. A. Mohaseb, S. Peigné, K. Debue, L. Orlando, and Mashkour, M.. “Detecting Taxonomic and Phylogenetic Signals in Equid Cheek Teeth: Towards New Palaeontological and Archaeological Proxies.” Royal Society Open Science 4, no. 4 (2017): 160997.Google Scholar
de Cuvier, G. L. C. F. D. The Animal Kingdom Arranged in Conformity with Its Organization, Vol. 3. The Class Mammalia. London: Whittaker, 1827.Google Scholar
Daniell, S. A Collection of Plates Illustrative of African Scenery and Animals. London: Samuel Daniell, 1804. Smithsonian Libraries SIL-SIL28–276-06. https://library.si.edu/image-gallery/106385.Google Scholar
Darwin, C. The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex: Charles Darwin, Vol. 1. London: John Murray, 1888.Google Scholar
Darwin, C. “Notebook C.” The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. Edited by Van Wyhe, J.. http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?keywords=quagga&pageseq=129&itemID=CUL-DAR122.-&viewtype=text.Google Scholar
Darwin, C. The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication, Vol. 2. London: Murray, 1868.Google Scholar
Darwin, C., and Darwin, F.. The Foundation of the Origin of Species, Two Essays Written in 1842 and 1844, by Charles Darwin edited by His Son Francis Darwin. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1909.Google Scholar
Darwin, C., and Stauffer, R. C.. Charles Darwin’s Natural Selection: Being the Second Part of His Big Species Book Written from 1856 to 1858. London: Cambridge University Press, 1975.Google Scholar
Davidson, Z., Dupuis-Desormeaux, M., Dheer, A., Pratt, L., Preston, E., Gilicho, S., … Doncaster, C. P.. “Borrowing from Peter to Pay Paul: Managing Threatened Predators of Endangered and Declining Prey Species.” PeerJ, no. 7 (2019): e7916.Google Scholar
Davis, J. “Eugen Sandow: A Body Worth Immortalising.” Collections, Natural History Museum, n.d. www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/eugen-sandow-a-body-worth-immortalising.html.Google Scholar
De Bruxelles, S. “A Shaggy Cow Story: How a Nazi Experiment Brought Extinct Aurochs to Devon.” The Times. April 22, 2009.Google Scholar
De Prada-Samper, J. M. “Roads, Ghosts and Rock Paintings in the Swartruggens, Western Cape Province.” The Digging Stick 36, no. 1 (2019): 5–9.Google Scholar
De Prada-Samper, J. M. “The Forgotten Killing Fields: ‘San’ Genocide and Louis Anthing’s Mission to Bushmanland, 1862–1863.” Historia 57, no. 1 (2012): 172–87.Google Scholar
De Prada-Samper, J. M., and de Villiers, J.. The Man Who Cursed the Wind and Other Stories from the Karoo. Cape Town: African Sun Press, 2016.Google Scholar
De Vos, R. “Stripes Faded, Barking Silenced: Remembering Quagga.” Animal Studies Journal 3, no. 1 (2014): 29–45.Google Scholar
Dean, W. R. J., and Milton, S. J.. “Animal Foraging and Food.” In The Karoo: Ecological Patterns and Processes. Edited by Dean, W. R. J. and Milton, S. J., 164–78. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Dekkers, J. C. M. “Application of Genomics Tools to Animal Breeding.” Current Genomics 13, no. 3 (2012): 207–12.Google Scholar
Desmet, P. G., and Cowling, R. M.. “The Climate of the Karoo: A Functional Approach.” In The Karoo: Ecological Patterns and Processes. Edited by Dean, W. R. J. and Milton, S. J., 3–16. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Diamond, J. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies. New York: Norton, 1997.Google Scholar
Dohner, J. “Donkeys as Livestock Guards.” Mother Earth News, October 18, 2013. www.motherearthnews.com/homesteading-and-livestock/guard-donkey-zbcz1310.Google Scholar
Dorst, J. “Notice Sur Les Spécimens Naturalisés De Mammifères Éteints Existant Dans Les Collections Du Muséum.” Bulletin du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle 24, no. 1 (1952): 63–79.Google Scholar
Dubow, S. “Afrikaner Nationalism, Apartheid and the Conceptualization of ‘Race’.” The Journal of African History 33, no. 2 (1992): 209–37.Google Scholar
Duncan, P., and Groves, C. P.. “Genus Equus: Asses, Zebras.” In Mammals of Africa, Vol 5. Edited by Kingdon, J. and Hoffmann, M., 412–13. London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2013.Google Scholar
Dutton, P., and Dutton, S.. “Tragedy in the Making: Mozambique’s Endemic Selous Zebra Destined to Join the Extinct Quagga.” African Wildlife 54, no. 3 (2000): 27.Google Scholar
Egri, A., Blaho, M., Kriska, G., Farkas, R., Gyurkovszky, M., Akesson, S., and Horvath, G.. “Polarotactic Tabanids Find Striped Patterns with Brightness and/or Polarization Modulation Least Attractive: An Advantage of Zebra Stripes.” Journal of Experimental Biology 215, no. 5 (2012): 736–45.Google Scholar
Eisenmann, V., and Brink, J. S.. “Koffiefontein Quaggas and True Cape Quaggas: The Importance of Basic Skull Morphology.” South African Journal of Science 96 (2000): 529–33.Google Scholar
Eloff, G. “The Passing of the True Quagga and the Little Klibbolikhonnifontein Burchell’s Zebra. Which Is to Be Next, the Cape Mountain Zebra or Wahlberg’s Zebra of Zululand?” Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskappe 6 (1966): 193–207.Google Scholar
Elphick, R. Kraal and Castle: Khoikhoi and the Founding of White South Africa. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1977.Google Scholar
Endangered Wildlife Trust. “2016 Red List of Mammals of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland.” 2016. https://endangeredwildlifetrust.wordpress.com/2017/01/26/2016-red-list-of-mammals-of-south-africa-lesotho-and-swaziland/.Google Scholar
Endangered Wildlife Trust. “Perspective on the Intensive Breeding of Wildlife Species with Particular Reference to Selective Breeding for Colour Variants.” 2016. www.ewt.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/EWT-Perspective-on-Wildlife-Intensive-Breeding-and-Colour-Variation-March-2016.pdf.Google Scholar
Eschner, K. “Those Little Birds on the Backs of Rhinos Actually Drink Blood.” Smithsonian, September 22, 2017. www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/those-little-birds-backs-rhinos-actually-drink-blood-180964912/.Google Scholar
Estes, R. The Behaviour Guide to African Mammals. Berkeley: The University of California Press, 1991.Google Scholar
Ewart, J. C., Constable, T., and Constable, A.. Guide to the Zebra Hybrids etc. On Exhibition at the Royal Agricultural Society’s Show, York: Together with a Description of Zebras, Hybrids, Telegony, etc. Edinburgh: Printed by T. and A. Constable, Printer to Her Majesty, 1900.Google Scholar
Faith, J. T. “Palaeozoological Insights into Management Options for a Threatened Mammal: Southern Africa’s Cape Mountain Zebra (Equus zebra zebra).” Diversity and Distributions 18, no. 5 (2012): 438–47.Google Scholar
Feely, J. M. “IsiXhosa Names of South African Land Mammals.” Africa Zoology 44, no. 2 (2009): 141–50.Google Scholar
Fennessy, J., Bidon, T., Reuss, F., Kumar, V., Elkan, P., Nilsson, M. A., … Janke, A.. “Multi-Locus Analyses Reveal Four Giraffe Species Instead of One.” Current Biology 26, no. 18 (2016): 2543–49.Google Scholar
Ferreira, J. “Quagga Rebreeding a Success Story.” Farmer’s Weekly (South Africa), no. 14011 (2014): 50–53.Google Scholar
Ferris, M. A. “Parks Body Joins Quest to ‘Re-Breed’ the Quagga.” The Star. July 3, 2000.Google Scholar
Fischhoff, I. R., Sundaresan, S. R., Cordingley, J., Larkin, H. M., Sellier, M., and Rubenstein, D. I.. “Social Relationships and Reproductive State Influence Leadership Roles in Movements of Plains Zebra, Equus burchellii.” Animal Behaviour 73, no. 5 (2007): 825–31.Google Scholar
Fitzsimons, F. W. The Natural History of South Africa: Mammals, Vol. 3. London: Longmans, Green & Co., 1920.Google Scholar
Fock, G. J., and McGregor, A., “Two Rock Engravings from South Africa in the British Museum.” Man 65 (1965): 194–95.Google Scholar
Ford, W., Katz, S., and Kazanjian, D.. Walton Ford: Tigers of Wrath, Horses of Instruction. New York: H. N. Abrams, 2002.Google Scholar
Freeman, C. “Ending Extinction: The Quagga, the Thylacine, and the ‘Smart Human’.” In Leonardo’s Choice. Edited by Gigliotti, C., 235–56. New York: Springer, 2009.Google Scholar
Freeman, C. “Imaging Extinction: Disclosure and Revision in Photographs of the Thylacine (Tasmanian Tiger).” Society and Animals 15, no. 3 (2007): 241–56.Google Scholar
Friedel, G. “The Story of ‘Howie’: Umgeni Valley’s Quagga-Like Plains Zebra.” African Wildlife 54, no. 2 (2000): 9–10.Google Scholar
Fritsch, G. Drei Jahre in Süd-Afrika: Reiseskizzen Nach Notizen Des Tagebuchs Zusammengestellt: Mit Zahlreichen Ill, Vol. 1. Breslau, Germany: Hirt, 1868.Google Scholar
Frost, R. “The Oven Bird.” Poetry Foundation. www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/44269/the-oven-bird.Google Scholar
Gall, D. M. “This Most Elegant of Quadrupeds: Illustrations of the Quagga.” Discovery, Journal of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 15, no. 2 (1980): 44–50.Google Scholar
Gaywood, M. J. “Reintroducing the Eurasian Beaver Castor fiber to Scotland.” Mammal Review 48, no. 1 (2018): 48–61.Google Scholar
Gens, E. Promenade Au Jardin Zoologique D’Anvers. Anvers, Belgium: J.-E. Buschmann, 1861. www.biodiversity library.org/item/127664.Google Scholar
Gordon, R. J. “Equus quagga quagga (Quagga).” Robert Jacob Gordon: His Verbal and Visual Descriptions of South Africa. Edited by Rijksmuseum, 1777. https://robertjacobgordon.nl/drawings/rp-t-1914-17-190.Google Scholar
Gordon, R. J. The Gordon African Collection (RP-T-1914-17-190). Amsterdam: Rijksmuseum, 2016.Google Scholar
Gordon, R. J. “Travel Journals. Second Journey.” Robert Jacob Gordon: His Verbal and Visual Descriptions of South Africa. Edited by Rijksmuseum, 1777. https://robertjacobgordon.nl/writings-and-drawings.Google Scholar
Gordon, R. J., Raper, P. E., and Boucher, M.. Robert Jacob Gordon: Cape Travels: 1777 to 1786, Houghton, South Africa: Brenthurst, 1988.Google Scholar
Gordon-Cumming, R. G. A Hunter’s Life among Lions, Elephants, and Other Wild Animals of South Africa. New York: Derby & Jackson, 1856.Google Scholar
Gosling, L. M., Muntifering, J., Kolberg, H., Uiseb, K., and King, S. R. B.. “Equus zebra Ssp. hartmannae.” The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 2019. www.iucnredlist.org/species/7958/45171819.Google Scholar
Gould, G. M., and Pyle, W. L.. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine. London: W. B. Saunders, 1901.Google Scholar
Gould, S. J. “The Return of Hopeful Monsters.” Natural History 86, no. 6 (1977): 22–30.Google Scholar
Gould, S. J. Wonderful Life: The Burgess Shale and the Nature of History. New York: W. W. Norton, 1989.Google Scholar
Govindasamy, V. “Stars and Stripes by SA Animators.” 2013. www.filmcontact.com/africa/south-africa/stars-and-stripes-sa-animators.Google Scholar
Graff, D. “Shifting Sands: An Interest-Relative Theory of Vagueness.” Philosophical Topics 28, no. 1 (2000): 45–81.Google Scholar
Gray, J. E. “A Revision of the Family Equidae.” Zoological Journal 1, no. 2 (1825): 241–48.Google Scholar
Gray, J. E., Hawkins, B. W., and Derby, E. H. S.. Gleanings from the Menagerie and Aviary at Knowsley Hall. Knowsley: Printed for Private Distribution, 1850.Google Scholar
Greenberg, J. A Feathered River across the Sky: The Passenger Pigeon’s Flight to Extinction. New York: Bloomsbury USA, 2014.Google Scholar
Greig, J. C. “1883–1983: Centennial of the Extinction of the Quagga.” African Wildlife 37, no. 4 (1983): 146–48.Google Scholar
Greig, J. C. “The Origin of the Name ‘Quagga’.” African Wildlife 37, no. 4 (1983): 149–51.Google Scholar
Greig, J. C. “The Quagga and the Taxidermist’s Art.” African Wildlife 37, no. 4 (1983): 140–41.Google Scholar
Grigson, C. Menagerie: A History of Exotic Animals in England. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Groves, C. P. “Taxonomy of Living Equidae.” In Equids: Zebras, Asses and Horses. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan. Edited by Moehlman, P., 94–107. Gland, Switzerland: The World Conservation Union (IUCN), Equid Specialist Group, 2002.Google Scholar
Groves, C. P. “Was the Quagga a Species or a Sub-Species?” African Wildlife 39, no. 3 (1985): 106–7.Google Scholar
Groves, C. P., and Bell, C. H., “New Investigations on the Taxonomy of the Zebras Genus Equus, Subgenus Hippotigris.” Mammalian Biology 69, no. 3 (2004): 182–96.Google Scholar
Groves, C. P., and Happold, D.. “Classification: A Mammalian Perspective.” In Mammals of Africa, Volume I: Introductory Chapters and Afrotheria. Edited by Kingdon, J., Happold, D., Hoffmann, M., Butynski, T., Happold, M., and Kalina, J., 101–8. London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2013.Google Scholar
Grubb, P. “Types and Type Localities of Ungulates Named from Southern Africa.” Koedoe: African Protected Area Conservation and Science 42, no. 2 (1999): 13–45.Google Scholar
Gurdon, J. B. “Transplanted Nuclei and Cell Differentiation.” Scientific American 219, no. 6 (1968): 24–35.Google Scholar
Hack, M. A., East, R., and Rubenstein, D. I.. Status and Action Plan for the Plains Zebra (Equus burchellii). Edited by Moehlman, P. D.. https://portals.iucn.org/library/efiles/documents/2002-043.pdf.Google Scholar
Harley, E. H., Lardner, C., Gregor, M., Wooding, B., and Knight, M. H.. “The Restoration of the Quagga; 24 Years of Selective Breeding.” In Restoration of Endangered and Extinct Animals. Edited by Slomski, R.. Poznan, Poland: Poznan University of Life Sciences Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Harley, E. H., de Waal, M., Murray, S., and O’Ryan, C.. “Comparison of Whole Mitochondrial Genome Sequences of Northern and Southern White Rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum): The Conservation Consequences of Species Definitions.” Conservation Genetics 17, no. 6 (2016): 1285–91.Google Scholar
Harley, E. H. and Wooding, B.. “Quagga Project FAQ.” The Quagga Project, n.d. https://quaggaproject.org/faq/.Google Scholar
Harris, P. “Scientists Trying to Revive Extinct Kin of Zebras.” Los Angeles Times. August 30, 1998: 8.Google Scholar
Harris, W. C. “Aigocerus niger. The Sable Antelope.” Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 4 (1838): 1–3.Google Scholar
Harris, W. C. “Description of a New Species of Antelope.” The Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 2 (1839): 213–15.Google Scholar
Harris, W. C. Narrative of an Expedition into Southern Africa, during the Years 1836, and 1837. Bombay: American Mission, 1838.Google Scholar
Harris, W. C. Portraits of the Game & Wild Animals of Southern Africa. London: Pickering, 1840.Google Scholar
Hassan, H. Y., van Erp, A., Jaeger, M., Tahir, H., Oosting, M., Joosten, L. A., and Netea, M. G.. “Genetic Diversity of Lactase Persistence in East African Populations.” BMC Research Notes 9, no. 8 (2016).Google Scholar
Hawkins, W. “Two Quaggas Belonging to Lord Knowsley Kept at His Estate near Liverpool, England.” 1850. Lithograph. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47595182.Google Scholar
Hayward, M. W., Edwards, S., Fancourt, B. A., Linnell, J. D. C., and Nilsen, E. B.. “Top-Down Control of Ecosystems and the Case for Rewilding: Does It All Add Up?” In Rewilding. Edited by Pettorelli, N., Durant, S. M., and Du Toit, J. T., 325–54. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019.Google Scholar
Hayward, M. W., and Kerley, G. I. H.. “Prey Preferences of the Lion (Panthera leo).” Journal of Zoology 267, no. 3 (2005): 309–22.Google Scholar
Hedrick, P. W. “Population Genetics of Malaria Resistance in Humans.” Heredity 107, no. 4 (2011): 283–304.Google Scholar
Hendricks, M. D. “Remaking |Xam Narratives in a Post-Apartheid South Africa.” Mini-Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010.Google Scholar
Hennessy, E. “Saving Species: The Co-Evolution of Tortoise Taxonomy and Conservation in the Galapagos Islands.” Environmental History 25, no. 2 (2020): 263–86.Google Scholar
Hewitt, R. Structure, Meaning and Ritual in the Narratives of the Southern San. 2018. www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9781868147038/type/BOOK.Google Scholar
Heywood, P. “The Micro-Politics of Macromolecules in the Taxonomy and Restoration of Quaggas.” Kronos, no. 41 (2015): 314–37.Google Scholar
Heywood, P. “The Quagga and Science: What Does the Future Hold for This Extinct Zebra?” Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 56, no. 1 (2013): 53–64.Google Scholar
Heywood, P. “Sexual Dimorphism of Body Size in Taxidermy Specimens of Equus quagga quagga Boddaert (Equidae).” Journal of Natural History 53, no. 45 (2019): 2757–61.Google Scholar
Heywood, P. “Ways of Seeing Nonhuman Animals. Some Likened Zebras to Horses, Others to Asses.” Society and Animals (2020), published online ahead of print. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/15685306-BJA10027.Google Scholar
Higuchi, R. G., Bowman, B., Freiberger, M., Ryder, O. A., and Wilson, A. C.. “DNA Sequences from the Quagga, an Extinct Member of the Horse Family.” Nature 312, no. 5991 (1984): 282–84.Google Scholar
Higuchi, R. G., Wrischnick, L. A., Oakes, E., George, M., Tong, B., and Wilson, A.. “Mitochondrial DNA of the Extinct Quagga: Relatedness and Extent of Postmortem Change.” Journal of Molecular Evolution 25, no. 4 (1987): 283–87.Google Scholar
Hoare, D. B., Mucina, L., Rutherford, M. C., Vlok, J. H. J., Euston-Brown, D. I. W., Palmer, A. R., … Ward, R. A.. “Albany Thicket Biome.” In The Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Edited by Mucina, L. and Rutherford, M. C., 540–67. Pretoria: South African National Biodiversity Institute, 2006.Google Scholar
Hoffman, M. T., Cousins, B., Meyer, T., Petersen, A., and Hendricks, H.. “Historical and Contemporary Land Use and the Desertification of the Karoo.” In The Karoo: Ecological Patterns and Processes. Edited by Dean, W. R. J. and Milton, S. J., 257–73. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Hopkins, G. M. “Binsey Poplars.” Poetry Foundation. 1879. www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/44390/binsey-poplars.Google Scholar
How, M. J., Gonzales, D., Irwin, A., and Caro, T.. “Zebra Stripes, Tabanid Biting Flies and the Aperture Effect.” Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1933 (2020): 1521.Google Scholar
How, M. J., and Zanker, J. M.. “Motion Camouflage Induced by Zebra Stripes.” Zoology 117, no. 3 (2014): 163–70.Google Scholar
Hrabar, H., Birss, C., Peinke, D., Novellie, P., and Kerley, G. “Equus zebra Ssp. zebra.” The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 2019. www.iucnredlist.org/species/7959/45171853, last accessed November 17, 2020.Google Scholar
Hrabar, H., and Kerley, G.. Selective Breeding in the Quagga Breeding Program: The Effect of Translocations and Inbreeding on Plains Zebra Reproduction. Port Elizabeth, South Africa: Center for African Conservation Ecology, 2013. www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Selective-breeding-in-the-Quagga-Breeding-Program-%E2%80%93-Hrabar-Kerley/806be4c33ecea04b9f84cede3ad202b02efa4fc4.Google Scholar
Hrabar, H., and Kerley, G. I. H.. “Conservation Goals for the Cape Mountain Zebra Equus zebra zebra: Security in Numbers?” Oryx 47, no. 3 (2013): 403–9.Google Scholar
Huber, W. “Das Münchner Quagga: Eine Zoologische Rarität.” Spixiana 17 (1992): 155–60.Google Scholar
Huber, W. “Documentation of the Five Known Photographs of a Living Quagga, Equus quagga quagga Gmelin, 1788 (Mammals, Perissodactyla, Equidae).” Spixiana 17, no. 2 (1994): 193–99.Google Scholar
Hudson, A. L. S. “Infantry Weapons in South Africa, 1652–1881.” Scientia Militaria, South African Journal of Military Studies 10, no. 2 (1980): 48–53.Google Scholar
Hughes, A. E., Troscianko, J., and Stevens, M.. “Motion Dazzle and the Effects of Target Patterning on Capture Success.” BMC Evolutionary Biology 14, no. 1 (2014): 201.Google Scholar
Hulley, B. “Farewell to the Quagga Pioneer.” Cape Towner (Cape Town). March 2, 2006, 11.Google Scholar
Isenberg, A. C. The Destruction of the Bison: An Environmental History, 1750–1920. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.Google Scholar
Itano, N. “S. Africa’s Quagga Saga: Righting a Past Wrong.” Christian Science Monitor. October 1, 2003, 7.Google Scholar
Jackson, A. de J. Manna in the Desert: A Revelation of the Great Karroo. Johannesburg: Christian Literature Depot, 1919.Google Scholar
Jacobs, N. J. Environment, Power, and Justice: A South African History. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003.Google Scholar
Jacobs, N. J. “The Great Bophuthatswana Donkey Massacre.” American Historical Review 106, no. 2 (2001): 485–507.Google Scholar
Janis, C. “The Evolutionary Strategy of the Equidae and the Origins of Rumen and Cecal Digestion.” Evolution 30 (1976): 757–74.Google Scholar
Jarvis, B. “Paper Tiger. Could a Global Icon of Extinction Still Be Alive?” The New Yorker. July 2, 2018.Google Scholar
Johns, D. “History of Rewilding: Ideas and Practice.” In Rewilding. Edited by Pettorelli, N., Durant, S. M., and du Toit, J. T., 12–33. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019.Google Scholar
Johnson, L. M. “A Clone of the Endangered Przewalski’s Horse Is Born of DNA Saved for 40 Years.” 2020. www.cnn.com/2020/09/12/us/cloned-przewalskis-horse-trnd/index.html?fbclid=IwAR2dpDqF7m1 kqiglHYJ51IOr-tpkaPJwUqKCg7f3njOC1pfBWHYE7r1jPs4.Google Scholar
Jónsson, H., Schubert, M., Seguin-Orlando, A., Ginolhac, A., Petersen, L., Fumagalli, M., … Orlando, L.. “Speciation with Gene Flow in Equids Despite Extensive Chromosomal Plasticity.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) 111, no. 52 (2014): 18655–60.Google Scholar
Jordan, B. “Karoo Welcomes Quagga Back from the Dead.” Sunday Times, September 27, 1998.Google Scholar
Kellert, S. R. The Value of Life: Biological Diversity and Human Society. Washington, DC: Island Press, 1997.Google Scholar
Keynes, S. Quentin Keynes (1921–2003): Explorer, Film-Maker, Lecturer, and Book-Collector. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.Google Scholar
Kimura, M. The Neutral Theory of Molecular Evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983.Google Scholar
King, J. M. “A Field Guide to the Reproduction of the Grant’s Zebra and Grevy’s Zebra.” AJE African Journal of Ecology 3, no. 1 (1965): 99–117.Google Scholar
King, S. R. B., and Moehlman, P. D.. “Equus quagga.” The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 2016. www.iucnredlist.org/species/41013/45172424.Google Scholar
Kingdon, J. “Subgenus Hippotigris.” In Mammals of Africa. Vol. 5, Carnivores, Pangolins, Equids and Rhinoceroses. Edited by Kingdon, J. and Hoffmann, M., 417–21. London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2013.Google Scholar
Kipling, R. How the Leopard Got His Spots. The Project Guttenberg EBook of Just So Stories, by Rudyard Kipling, 1902.Google Scholar
Kivinen, S., Nummi, P., and Kumpula, T.. “Beaver-Induced Spatiotemporal Patch Dynamics Affect Landscape-Level Environmental Heterogeneity.” Environmental Research Letters 15, no. 9 (2020): 094065.Google Scholar
Klak, C., Reeves, G., and Hedderson, T.. “Unmatched Tempo of Evolution in Southern African Semi-Desert Ice Plants.” Nature 427, no. 6969 (2004): 63–65.Google Scholar
Klein, R. G. “A Preliminary Report on the Larger Mammals from the Boomplaas Stone Age Cave Site, Cango Valley, Oudtshoorn District, South Africa.” The South African Archaeological Bulletin 33, no. 127 (1978): 66–75.Google Scholar
Klein, R. G., and Cruz-Uribe, K.. “Craniometry of the Genus Equus and the Taxonomic Affinities of the Extinct South African Quagga.” South African Journal of Science 95, no. 2 (1999): 81–86.Google Scholar
Klingel, H. “Equus quagga Plains Zebra (Common Zebra).” In Mammals of Africa. Vol. 5, Carnivores, Pangolins, Equids and Rhinoceroses. Edited by Kingdon, J. and Hoffmann, M., 428–37. London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2013.Google Scholar
Kolbert, E. “Recall of the Wild: The Quest to Engineer a World before Humans.” The New Yorker. December 24, 2012, 50–60.Google Scholar
La Cépède, E. de. La Ménagerie du Muséum National D’Histoire Naturelle, Ou Description et Histoire des Animaux. Paris: Miger, Graveur et Renouard, 1804.Google Scholar
Landman, M., and Kerley, G. I. H.. “Dietary Shifts: Do Grazers Become Browsers in the Thicket Biome?” Koedoe: African Protected Area Conservation and Science 44, no. 1 (2001): 31–36.Google Scholar
Larison, B., Harrigan, R. J., Thomassen, H. A., Rubenstein, D. I., Chan-Golston, A. M., Li, E., and Smith, T. B.. “How the Zebra Got Its Stripes: A Problem with Too Many Solutions.” Royal Society of Open Science 2 (2015): 140452.Google Scholar
Larison, B., Kaelin, C. B., Harrigan, R. J., Henegar, C., Rubenstein, D., Smith, T. B., … Aschenborn, O.. “Population Structure, Inbreeding and Stripe Pattern Abnormalities in Plains Zebras.” Molecular Ecology 30, no. 2 (2021): 379–90.Google Scholar
Larkin, N. R. and Porro, L. B.. “Three Legs Good, Four Legs Better: Making a Quagga Whole Again with 3d Printing.” Collection Forum 30, no. 1–2 (2016): 73–84.Google Scholar
Lategan, F. V. and Potgieter, L.. Die Boer se Roer Tot Vandag: Die Ontwikkeling van die Vuurwapen in Suider-Afrika. Kaapstad: Tafelberg, 1982.Google Scholar
“Le Couagga De Louis XVI.” n.d. www.mnhn.fr/fr/collections/ensembles-collections/vertebres/mammiferes/couagga-louis-xvi.Google Scholar
Le Fanu, W. A Catalogue of the Portraits and Other Paintings, Drawings and Sculpture in the Royal College of Surgeons of England. Edinburgh: E. & S. Livingstone, 1960.Google Scholar
Leonard, J. A., Rohland, N., Glaberman, S., Rleischer, R. C., Caccaone, A., and Hofreiter, M.. “A Rapid Loss of Stripes: The Evolutionary History of the Extinct Quagga.” Biology Letters 1, no. 3 (2005): 291–95.Google Scholar
Lichtenstein, H. Travels in Southern Africa in the Years 1803, 1804, 1805 and 1806. 2 vols. London: H. Colburn, 1812–15.Google Scholar
Limburg, K. E., Luzadis, V. A., Ramsey, M., Schulz, K. L., and Mayer, C. M.. “The Good, the Bad, and the Algae: Perceiving Ecosystem Services and Disservices Generated by Zebra and Quagga Mussels.” Journal of Great Lakes Research 36, no. 1 (2010): 86–92.Google Scholar
von Linné, C., and Gmelin, J.. Caroli a Linné … Systema Naturæ Per Regna Tria Naturae,: Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, Cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Lipsiæ: J. B. Delamolliere, 1789.Google Scholar
Linnell, J. D. C., and Jackson, C. R.. “Bringing Back Large Carnivores to Rewild Landscapes.” In Rewilding. Edited by Pettorelli, N., Durant, S. M., and du Toit, J. T., 248–79. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019.Google Scholar
Lorenzen, E. D., Arctander, P., and Siegismund, H. R.. “High Variation and Very Low Differentiation in Wide Ranging Plains Zebra (Equus quagga): Insights from mtDNA and Microsatellites.” MEC Molecular Ecology 17, no. 12 (2008): 2812–24.Google Scholar
Lorimer, J. Wildlife in the Anthropocene: Conservation after Nature. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2015.Google Scholar
Lowenstein, J. M. “Half-Striped Quagga Was a Plains Zebra.” New Scientist, July 18, 1985, 27.Google Scholar
Lowenstein, J. M., and Ryder, O. A. “Immunological Systematics of the Extinct Quagga (Equidae).” Experientia 41, no. 9 (1985): 1192–93.Google Scholar
Lundholm, B. “Is Rebirth of the Quagga Possible?” African Wildlife 5, no. 3 (1951): 209–12.Google Scholar
Lundholm, B. “A Skull of the True Quagga (Equus quagga) in the Collection of the Transvaal Museum.” South African Journal of Science 47, no. 11 (1951): 307–12.Google Scholar
Lydekker, R. Catalogue of the Ungulate Mammals in the British Museum (Natural History). London: Printed by order of the Trustees of the British Museum, 1916.Google Scholar
Lydekker, R. “Note on the Skull and Markings of the Quagga.” Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 74, no. 2 (1904): 426–31.Google Scholar
MacClintock, D. “Professor Marsh’s Quagga Mare.” Discovery, Journal of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 15, no. 2 (1980): 34–43.Google Scholar
MacKenzie, J. M. The Empire of Nature: Hunting, Conservation and British Imperialism. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1988.Google Scholar
Macnab, R. “The Quagga’s World.” In Mantis Poets. Edited by Cope, J., 7. Cape Town: David Philip, 1981.Google Scholar
Macnab, R. “Winged Quagga.” In Mantis Poets. Edited by Cope, J., 4. Cape Town: David Philip, 1981.Google Scholar
Malan, B. D., and Cooke, H. B. S.. A Preliminary Account of the Wonderwerk Cave, Kuruman District. Section 2: The Fossil Remains. Cape Town: Griffiths, 1940.Google Scholar
Manganiello, C. J. “From a Howling Wilderness to Howling Safaris: Science, Policy and Red Wolves in the American South.” Journal of the History of Biology 42, no. 2 (2009): 325–59.Google Scholar
Maréchal, N. “Quagga.” 1793. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Quagga.jpg, last accessed November 10, 2021.Google Scholar
Masubelele, M. L., Hoffman, M. T., Bond, W., and Burdett, P.. “Vegetation Change (1988–2010) in Camdeboo National Park (South Africa), Using Fixed-Point Photo Monitoring: The Role of Herbivory and Climate.” Koedoe: African Protected Area Conservation and Science 55, no. 1 (2013): 1–16.Google Scholar
Mayr, E. “What Is a Species, and What Is Not?” Philosophy of Science 63, no. 2 (1996): 262–77.Google Scholar
McHorse, B. K., Biewener, A. A., and Pierce, S. E.. “Mechanics of Evolutionary Digit Reduction in Fossil Horses (Equidae).” Proceedings of the Royal Society of Biological Sciences 284, no. 1861 (2017): 1174.Google Scholar
McNeil, D. G. “Brave Quest of Africa Hunt: Bringing Back Extinct Quagga.” New York Times. September 16, 1997.Google Scholar
Meadows, M. E., and Watkeys, M. K.. “Paleoenvironments.” In The Karoo: Ecological Patterns and Processes. Edited by Dean, W. R. J. and Milton, S. J., 27–41. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Mendel, G. “Versuche Uber Pflanzen-Hybriden.” Verhandlungen des naturforschenden Vereins Brünn 4 (1865): 3–47.Google Scholar
Mentzel, O. F. A Geographical and Topographical Description of the Cape of Good Hope, Vol. 3. Cape Town: Van Riebeeck Society, 1944.Google Scholar
Meuwissen, T., Hayes, B., and Goddard, M.. “Genomic Selection: A Paradigm Shift in Animal Breeding.” Animal Frontiers 6, no. 1 (2016): 6–14.Google Scholar
Midgley, G. F., and van der Heyden, F.. “Form and Function in Perennial Plants.” In The Karoo: Ecological Patterns and Processes. Edited by Dean, W. R. J. and Milton, S. J., 91–106. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Miller, J. M., Quinzin, M. C., Poulakakis, N., Gibbs, J. P., Beheregaray, L. B., Garrick, R. C., … Caccone, A.. “Identification of Genetically Important Individuals of the Rediscovered Floreana Galápagos Giant Tortoise (Chelonoidis elephantopus) Provides Founders for Species Restoration Program.” Scientific Reports 7, no. 1 (2017): 11471.Google Scholar
Mills, E. L., Rosenberg, G., Spidle, A. P., Ludyanskiy, M., Pligin, Y., and May, B.. “A Review of the Biology and Ecology of the Quagga Mussel (Dreissena bugensis), a Second Species of Freshwater Dreissenid Introduced to North America.” American Zoologist 36, no. 3 (1996): 271–86.Google Scholar
Milton, S. J., Davies, R. A. G., and Kerley, G. I. H.. “Population Level Dynamics.” In The Karoo: Ecological Patterns and Processes. Edited by Dean, W. R. J. and Milton, S. J., 183–207. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Morrison, R., and Watson, S. C.. Seven Moon Circus. San Diego, CA: Ringleader Books, 2013.Google Scholar
Morton, E. O. “A Communication of a Singular Fact in Natural History.” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 111 (1821): 20–22.Google Scholar
Mucina, L., le Roux, A., Rutherford, M. C., Schmiedel, U., Esler, K., Powrie, L., … Jürgens, N.. “Succulent Karoo Biome.” In The Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Edited by Mucina, L. and Rutherford, M. C.. Strelitzia 19, 220–99. Pretoria: South African National Biodiversity Institute, 2006.Google Scholar
Mungall, E. R. [née Cary]. “Extinction: The Quagga Mapped through Time.” Environmental Awareness 10, no. 2 (1987): 53–62.Google Scholar
Naidoo, R., Chase, M. J., Landen, K., Beytell, P., du Preez, P., Stuart-Hill, G., and Taylor, R.. “A Newly Discovered Wildlife Migration in Namibia and Botswana Is the Longest in Africa.” Oryx 50, no. 1 (2014): 138–46.Google Scholar
Navarro, L. M., and Pereira, H. M.. “Rewilding Abandoned Landscapes in Europe.” Ecosystems 15, no. 6 (2012): 900–12.Google Scholar
Neuhaus, P., and Ruckstuhl, K. E.. “The Link between Sexual Dimorphism, Activity Budgets, and Group Cohesion: The Case of the Plains Zebra (Equus burchelli).” Canadian Journal of Zoology 80 (2002): 1437–41.Google Scholar
Novellie, P., Lindeque, M., Lindeque, P., Lloyd, P., and Koen, J.. “Status and Action Plan for the Mountain Zebra (Equus zebra).” In Equids: Zebras, Asses and Horses: Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan. Edited by Moehlman, P., 28–42. Gland, Switzerland: International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), 2002.Google Scholar
Nunan, E. “In Their True Colors: Developing New Methods for Recoloring Faded Taxidermy.” n.d. http://intheirtrue colors.wordpress.com.Google Scholar
Orlando, L., Ginolhac, A., Zhang, G., Froese, D., Albrechtsen, A., Stiller, M., … Willerslev, E.. “Recalibrating Equus Evolution Using the Genome Sequence of an Early Middle Pleistocene Horse.” Nature 499, no. 7456 (2013): 74–78.Google Scholar
Orlando, L., Metcalf, J. L., Alberdi, M. T., Telles-Antunes, M., Bonjean, D., Otte, M., … Morello, F.. “Revising the Recent Evolutionary History of Equids Using Ancient DNA.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) 106, no. 51 (2009): 21754–59.Google Scholar
Ottenburghs, J., van Hooft, P., van Wieren, S. E., Ydenberg, R. C., and Prins, H. H. T.. “Hybridization in Geese: A Review.” Frontiers in Zoology 13, no. 1 (2016): 20.Google Scholar
Paddle, R. N. The Last Tasmanian Tiger: The History and Extinction of the Thylacine. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.Google Scholar
Page, T., and Hancock, C.. “Zebra Cousin Went Extinct 100 Years Ago. Now, It’s Back.” January 27, 2016. https://edition.cnn.com/2016/01/25/africa/quagga-project-zebra-conservation-extinct-south-africa/.Google Scholar
Palmer, A. R., Novellie, P. A., and Lloyd, J. W.. “Community Patterns and Dynamics.” In The Karoo: Ecological Patterns and Processes. Edited by Dean, W. R. J. and Milton, S. J., 208–23. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Parsons, R., Aldous-Mycock, C., and Perrin, M. R.. “A Genetic Index for Stripe-Pattern Reduction in the Zebra: The Quagga Project.” Southern African Journal of Wildlife Research 37, no. 2 (2007): 105–16.Google Scholar
Pearson, K., and Galton, F.. The Life, Letters and Labours of Francis Galton, Vol. 2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1924.Google Scholar
Pedersen, C. T., Albrechtsen, A., Etter, P. D., Johnson, E. A., Orlando, L., … Heller, R.. “A Southern African Origin and Cryptic Structure in the Highly Mobile Plains Zebra.” Nature Ecology & Evolution 2, no. 3 (2018): 491–98.Google Scholar
Penn, N. The Forgotten Frontier: Colonist and Khoisan on the Cape’s Northern Frontier in the 18th Century. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2007.Google Scholar
Penzhorn, B. “Equus zebra Mountain Zebra.” In Mammals of Africa. Vol. 5, Carnivores, Pangolins, Equids and Rhinoceroses. Edited by Kingdon, J. and Hoffmann, M., 438–43. London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2013.Google Scholar
Pettorelli, N., Durant, S. M., and du Toit, J. T.. Rewilding. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019.Google Scholar
Phillips, M. K., Henry, V. G., and Kelly, B. T.. “Restoration of the Red Wolf.” USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center 319 (2003): 272–88.Google Scholar
Plotz, R., and Linklater, W.. “Red-Billed Oxpeckers Really Do Increase Predator Awareness in Black Rhinoceros.” 13th International Behavioral Ecology Congress (2010).Google Scholar
Plumb, C. “The Queen’s Ass.” In The Afterlives of Animals: A Museum Menagerie. Edited by Alberti, S. J. M. M., 17–36. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2011.Google Scholar
Pocock, R. I. “The Cape Colony Quaggas.” Journal of Natural History 14, no. 83 (1904): 313–28.Google Scholar
Pocock, R. I. “On the Preorbital Pit in the Skulls of Domestic Horses and Quaggas.” Annals and Magazine of Natural History 15, no. 89 (1905): 516–18.Google Scholar
Popkin, G. “Can Genetic Engineering Bring Back the American Chestnut?” New York Times. April 30, 2020.Google Scholar
Powell, E. “Zebra Meat: Exotic and Lean – but Does It Taste Good?” The Independent. July 26, 2014.Google Scholar
Pringle, T. Narrative of a Residence in South Africa. Edited by Conder, J.. London: Edward Moxon, 1835.Google Scholar
Protheroe, E. New Illustrated Natural History of the World. Garden City, NY: Garden City Publishing Co., 1940.Google Scholar
Radloff, F. G. T., Mucina, L., Bond, W. J., and le Roux, P. J.. “Strontium Isotope Analyses of Large Herbivore Habitat Use in the Cape Fynbos Region of South Africa.” Oecologia 164, no. 2 (2010): 567–78.Google Scholar
Rainier, M. “Some Quagga Place-Names and Some Misconceptions.” African Journal of Wildlife Research 38, no. 1 (1984): 126.Google Scholar
Rau, R. E. “Additions to the Revised List of Preserved Material of the Extinct Cape Colony Quagga and Notes on the Relationship and Distribution of Southern Plains Zebras.” Annals of the South African Museum 77, no. 2 (1978): 27–45.Google Scholar
Rau, R. E. “Colouration Abnormalities in the Plains Zebra.” African Wildlife 57, no. 2 (2003): 20–21.Google Scholar
Rau, R. E. “The Colouration of the Extinct Cape Colony Quagga.” African Wildlife 37, no. 4 (1983): 136–39.Google Scholar
Rau, R. E. “Correspondence: Does the Taxonomy of the Quagga Really Need to Be Reconsidered?” South African Journal of Science 93 (1997): 67–68.Google Scholar
Rau, R. E. “Das Quagga Und Seine Ruckzucht.” Natur und Museum: Bericht der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 127, no. 2 (1992): 37–45.Google Scholar
Rau, R. E. “How James Drury Cast the Bushmen Displayed at the South African Museum.” South African Journal of Science 60, no. 8 (1964): 242–44.Google Scholar
Rau, R. E. “Quagga Experimental Breeding Project.” In Spirit of Enterprise: The 1990 Rolex Awards. Edited by Reed, D. W., 434–36. Bern, Switerland: Buri International, 1990.Google Scholar
Rau, R. E. “Quagga Project Management/Action Plan.” 2005. https://studylib.net/doc/7624988/--the-quagga-project.Google Scholar
Rau, R. E. “Quaggas in Museums all over the World.” n.d. https://quaggaproject.org/quaggas-in-museums-worldwide/.Google Scholar
Rau, R. E. “Revised List of the Preserved Material of the Extinct Cape Colony Quagga, Equus quagga quagga (Gmelin).” Annals of the South African Museum 65, no. 2 (1974): 41–87.Google Scholar
Rau, R. E. Rough Road Towards Re-Breeding the Quagga: How It Came About. Cape Town: Iziko South African Museum Library, 1999.Google Scholar
Ridgeway, W. “Contributions to the Study of the Equidae. On Hitherto Unrecorded Specimens of Equus quagga.” Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 38 (1909): 563–86.Google Scholar
Ritvo, H. Noble Cows and Hybrid Zebras: Essays on Animals and History. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Ritvo, H. The Platypus and the Mermaid and Other Figments of the Classifying Imagination. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1997.Google Scholar
Ritvo, H. “Q Is for Quagga.” In Animalia: An Anti-Imperial Bestiary for Our Times. Edited by Burton, A. M., 145–62. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2020.Google Scholar
Roberts, A. “Not Likely to be Quaggas. Mr. Austin Roberts and ‘Discovery’.” The Star (Johannesburg). June 20, 1932, 7.Google Scholar
Roberts, A. The Mammals of South Africa. South Africa: Mammals of South Africa Book Fund, 1951.Google Scholar
Rookmaaker, L. C. The Zoological Exploration of Southern Africa, 1659–1790. Rotterdam: A. A. Balkema, 1989.Google Scholar
Rose, R. W. Bushman, Whale and Dinosaur: James Drury’s Forty Years at the South African Museum. Cape Town: H. Timmins, 1961.Google Scholar
Ross, R. A Concise History of South Africa. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Rubenstein, D., Low Mackey, B., Davidson, Z. D., Kebede, F., and King, S. R. B.. “Equus grevyi.” The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 2016. www.iucnredlist.org/species/7950/89 624491, accessed November 27, 2020.Google Scholar
Rubenstein, D. I., Sundaresan, S. R., Fischhoff, I. R., Tantipathananandh, C., and Berger-Wolf, T. Y.. “Similar but Different: Dynamic Social Network Analysis Highlights Fundamental Differences between the Fission-Fusion Societies of Two Equid Species, the Onager and Grevy’s Zebra.” PLoS ONE 10, no. 10 (2015), e0138645.Google Scholar
Ruxton, G. D. “The Possible Fitness Benefits of Striped Coat Coloration for Zebra.” Mammal Review 32, no. 4 (2002): 237–44.Google Scholar
Sachs, R. “Live Weights and Body Measurements of Serengeti Game Animals.” African Journal of Ecology 5, no. 1 (1967): 24–36.Google Scholar
Sandler, R. “The Ethics of Reviving Long Extinct Species.” Conservation Biology 28, no. 2 (2014): 354–60.Google Scholar
Schlawe, L. Über Die Ausgerotteten Steppenzebras Von Sudafrika Quagga Und Dauw, Equus quagga quagga. Köln: Zoologischen Garten, 2010.Google Scholar
Schouman, A. Een Quagga (Equus quagga). Haarlem: Teylor’s Museum, 1780. www.teylersmuseum.nl/nl.Google Scholar
Sclater, P. L. Guide to the Gardens of the Zoological Society of London. London: Bradbury, Agnew & Co., 1875.Google Scholar
Scott-Samuel, N. E., Baddeley, R., Palmer, C. E., Cuthill, I. C., and Burr, D. C.. “Dazzle Camouflage Affects Speed Perception.” PLoS ONE 6, no. 6 (2011): e20233.Google Scholar
Seddon, P. J., and Armstrong, D. P.. “The Role of Translocation in Rewilding.” In Rewilding. Edited by Pettorelli, N., Durant, S. M., and du Toit, J. T., 303–24. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019.Google Scholar
Seddon, P. J., Moehrenschlager, A., and Akcakaya, H.. “IUCN Guiding Principles on Creating Proxies of Extinct Species for Conservation Benefit.” International Union for the Conservation of Nature, 2016. https://library.wcs.org/doi/ctl/view/mid/33065/pubid/PUB19074.aspx.Google Scholar
Selous, F. C. “Burchell’s Zebra.” In Great and Small Game of Africa. Edited by Bryden, H. A., 79–84. London: R. Ward, 1899.Google Scholar
Selous, F. C., and Roosevelt, T.. African Nature Notes and Reminiscences … With a ‘Foreword’ by President Roosevelt and Illustrations by E. Caldwell. London: Macmillan & Co., 1908.Google Scholar
Siegfried, W. R. “Human Impacts.” In The Karoo: Ecological Patterns and Processes. Edited by Dean, W. R. J. and Milton, S. J., 239–41. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Silverston, A. “Khumba.” In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khumba. Last accessed November 21, 2021.Google Scholar
Simmonds, P. S. Animal Products: Their Preparation, Commercial Uses and Value. London: Chapman & Hall, 1877.Google Scholar
Simmons, L. W., and Lovegrove, M.. “Nongenetic Paternal Effects Via Seminal Fluid.” Evolution Letters 3, no. 4 (2019): 403–11.Google Scholar
Simons, J. The Tiger That Swallowed the Boy: Exotic Animals in Victorian England. Faringdon, Oxfordshire: Libri Publishing, 2012.Google Scholar
Skead, C. J. Historical Mammal Incidence in the Cape Province. 2 vols. Cape Town: Department of Nature and Environmental Conservation of the Provincial Administration of the Cape of Good Hope, 1980–87.Google Scholar
Skead, C. J. Historical Mammal Incidence in the Cape Province, Volume 2: The Eastern Half of the Cape Province, Including the Ciskei, Transkei and East Griqualand. Cape Town: The Chief Directorate, Nature and Environmental Conservation of the Provincial Administration of the Cape of Good Hope, 1987.Google Scholar
Skinner, J. D. “Further Light on the Speciation in the Quagga.” South African Journal of Science 92 (1996): 301–2.Google Scholar
Skinner, J. D. “Nowhere to Run: Mammals in Trouble.” African Wildlife 59, no. 4 (2005): 16–21.Google Scholar
Skinner, J. D., and Chimimba, C. T.. The Mammals of the Southern African Subregion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.Google Scholar
Smith, C. H. The Natural History of Horses: The Equidae or Genus Equus of Authors. Naturalist’s Library, Mammalia, Vol. 12, London: W. H. Lizars, 1841.Google Scholar
Smith, R. K., Ryan, E., Morley, E., and Hill, R. A.. “Resolving Management Conflicts: Could Agricultural Land Provide the Answer for an Endangered Species in a Habitat Classified as a World Heritage Site?” Environmental Conservation 38, no. 3 (2011): 325–33.Google Scholar
Smuts, G. L. “Pre- and Postnatal Growth Phenomena of Burchell’s Zebra Equus burchelli antiquorum.” Koedoe: African Protected Area Conservation and Science 18, no. 1 (1975): 69–102.Google Scholar
Smuts, G. L. “Reproduction in the Zebra Mare Equus burchelli antiquorum from the Kruger National Park.” Koedoe: African Protected Area Conservation and Science 19, no. 1 (1976): 89–132.Google Scholar
Somerville, W., Bradlow, E., and Bradlow, F. R.. William Somerville’s Narrative of His Journeys to the Eastern Cape Frontier and to Lattakoe, 1799–1802. Cape Town: Van Riebeeck Society, 1979.Google Scholar
South African National Parks. “Addo Elephant National Park.” South African National Parks, n.d. www.sanparks.org/parks/addo/conservation/ff/mammals.php. “Karoo National Park.”Google Scholar
Sparrman, A. A Voyage to the Cape of Good Hope, Towards the Antarctic Polar Circle, and Round the World, but Chiefly into the Country of the Hottentots and Caffres, from the Year 1772 to 1776. 2 vols. London: G. G. J. and J. Robinson, 1785–86.Google Scholar
Spreen, R. Monument voor de Quagga: Schlemiel van de Uitgestorven Dieren. Amsterdam: Fusilli, 2016.Google Scholar
Stalmans, M. E., Massad, T. J., Peel, M. J. S., Tarnita, C. E., and Pringle, R. M.. “War-Induced Collapse and Asymmetric Recovery of Large-Mammal Populations in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique.” PLoS ONE 14, no. 3 (2019), e0212864.Google Scholar
Star, S. L. and Griesemer, J. R.. “Institutional Ecology, ‘Translations’ and Boundary Objects: Amateurs and Professionals in Berkeley’s Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, 1907–39.” Social Studies of Science 19, no. 3 (1989): 387–420.Google Scholar
Stears, K., Shrader, A., and Castley, G.. “Equus quagga – Plains Zebra.” In The Red List of Mammals of South Africa, Swaziland and Lesotho. Edited by Child, M. F., Roxburgh, L., Do Linh San, E., Raimondo, D., and Davies-Mostert, H. T., 1–8. Midrand: National Biodiversity Institute and Endangered Wildlife Trust, 2016.Google Scholar
Steiner, C. C., and Ryder, O. A.. “Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of the Perissodactyla.” Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 163, no. 4 (2011): 1289–303.Google Scholar
Stewart, R., and Warner, B.. “William John Burchell: The Multi-Skilled Polymath.” South African Journal of Science 108, no. 11–12 (2012): 52–61.Google Scholar
Stokstad, E., Crooijmans, R. P. M. A., Upadhyay, M., and van Arendonk, J. A. M.. “Bringing Back the Aurochs: By Conjuring the Extinct Ancestor of Modern Cattle, Breeders Are Making Europe Just a Little Wilder (Interview with Richard Crooijmans, Maulik Upadhyay and Johan Van Arendonk).” Science 350, no. 6265 (2015): 1144–47.Google Scholar
Storey, W. K. Guns, Race, and Power in Colonial South Africa. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008.Google Scholar
Streak, D. “Quagga Project Forced to Farm out Animals.” Sunday Times (South Africa). September 26, 1993.Google Scholar
Strindberg, A. The Father: A Tragedy. The Project Gutenberg EBook of Plays. 1887. www.gutenberg.org/files/8499/8499-h/8499-h.htm#link2H_4_0007.Google Scholar
Swart, S. S. “Frankenzebra: Dangerous Knowledge and the Narrative Construction of Monsters.” Journal of Literary Studies 30, no. 4 (2014): 45–70.Google Scholar
Swart, S. S. “Resurrection Conservation: The Return of the Extinct?” In Nature Conservation in Southern Africa: Morality and Marginality: Towards Sentient Conservation? Edited by Gewald, J. B., Spierenburg, M., and Wels, H., 130–64. Leiden: Brill, 2019.Google Scholar
Swart, S. S. Riding High: Horses, Humans and History in South Africa. Johannesburg: Wits University Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Swart, S. S. “Riding High: Horses, Power and Settler Society, c.1654–1840.” Kronos 33, no. 29 (2003): 47–63.Google Scholar
Swart, S. S. “Zombie Zoology. History and Reanimating Extinct Animals.” In The Historical Animal. Edited by Nance, S., 54–71. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2015.Google Scholar
Tegetmeier, W. B., Ewart, J. C., Barnaby, D., and Bartlett, S.. Letters to Mr Tegetmeier: From J. Cossar Ewart and Others to the Editor of the Field at the Turn of the Nineteenth Century. Timperley, UK: ZSGM Publications, 2004.Google Scholar
Tegetmeier, W. B., and Sutherland, C. L.. Horses, Asses, Zebras, Mules and Mule Breeding. London: H. Cox, 1895.Google Scholar
Thackeray, J. F. “Morphometric, Palaeoecological and Taxonomic Considerations of Southern African Zebras: Attempts to Distinguish the Quagga.” South African Journal of Science 93, no. 2 (1997): 89–93.Google Scholar
Thackeray, J. F. “Zebras from Wonderwerk Cave, Northern Cape Province, South Africa: Attempts to Distinguish Equus burchelli and E. quagga.” South African Journal of Science 84, no. 2 (1988): 99–101.Google Scholar
Thom, H. B. Journal of Jan Van Riebeeck: 1659–1662. 3 vols. Cape Town: The Van Riebeeck Society, 1952–58.Google Scholar
Townsend, J. R., and Pfeffer, B.. Modern Poetry: A Selection. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1974.Google Scholar
Trouessart, E. L. “Le Couagga et le Zèbre de Burchell de la Collection du Muséum.” Bulletin du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle 7 (1906): 449–52.Google Scholar
Turnbull, M. “Back from the Dead.” Africa Environment & Wildlife 9, no. 3 (2001): 30–37.Google Scholar
Turner Corporation. “Bontebok Ridge Reserve.” 2020. https://turnercorporation.wixsite.com/turnercorp.Google Scholar
Van der Merwe, P. J. Migrant Farmer in the History of the Cape Colony, 1657–1842. Translated by Beck, R. B.. Athens: Ohio University Press, 1995.Google Scholar
Van Rensburg, E. “City Taxidermist Restores Quagga Exhibit in Germany.” Cape Times. May 13, 1999.Google Scholar
Van Sittert, L. “Bringing in the Wild: The Commodification of Wild Animals in the Cape Colony/Province c.1850–1950.” The Journal of African History 46, no. 2 (2005): 269–91.Google Scholar
Van Wyk, B. E., Novellie, P. A., and van Wyk, C. M.. “Flora of the Zuurberg National Park. 1. Characterization of Major Vegetation Units.” Bothalia 18, no. 2 (1988): 211–20.Google Scholar
Vilstrup, J. T., Seguin-Orlando, A., Stiller, M., Ginolhac, A., Raghavan, M., Nielsen, S. C. A., … Orlando, L.. “Mitochondrial Phylogenomics of Modern and Ancient Equids.” PLoS ONE 8, no. 2 (2013): e55950.Google Scholar
Von Helversen, B., Schooler, L. J., and Czienskowski, U.. “Are Stripes Beneficial? Dazzle Camouflage Influences Perceived Speed and Hit Rates.” PloS ONE 8, no. 4 (2013): e61173.Google Scholar
Waage, J. K. “How the Zebra Got Its Stripes: Biting Flies as Selective Agents in the Evolution of Zebra Coloration.” Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 44, no. 2 (1981): 351–58.Google Scholar
Wallace, A. R. Natural Selection and Tropical Nature: Essays on Descriptive and Theoretical Biology. London: Macmillan & Co., 1878.Google Scholar
Watkeys, M. K. “Soils of the Arid South-Western Zone of Africa.” In The Karoo: Ecological Patterns and Processes. Edited by Dean, W. R. J. and Milton, S. J., 17–26. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Watson, A., and Clifford, J.. “Mapping Supply Chains for Nineteenth Century Leather.” NiCHE: Network in Canadian History & Environment, 2014. http://niche-canada.org/2014/08/11/mapping-19th-century-leathers-supply-chains/.Google Scholar
Wedderwill, “The Quagga Project.” 2011. https://wedderwill.co.za/blog/the-quagga-project/Google Scholar
Weel, S., Watson, L. H., Weel, J., Venter, J. A., and Reeves, B.. “Cape Mountain Zebra in the Baviaanskloof Nature Reserve, South Africa: Resource Use Reveals Limitations to Zebra Performance in a Dystrophic Mountainous Ecosystem.” AJE African Journal of Ecology 53, no. 4 (2015): 428–38.Google Scholar
Weir, H. “The Quagga in the Zoological Society’s Gardens, Regents Park.” The Illustrated London News, November 6, 1858, 427.Google Scholar
Weismann, A. The Germ-Plasm. A Theory of Heredity. Translated by Parker, W. N. and Rönnfeldt, H.. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1893.Google Scholar
Wende, H., Gallagher, L., O’Connell, A., and Msimango, P. B.. The Quagga’s Secret. Umbilo, Durban: Gecko Books, 1995.Google Scholar
Whiten, A. “Cultural Evolution in Animals.” Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 50 (2019): 27–48.Google Scholar
Wildswinkel Boland Veiling. YouTube, 2017. www.facebook.com/watch/live/?ref=watch_permalink&v=1149124828543279, last accessed December 10, 2021.Google Scholar
Williams, S. D. “Equus grevyi Grévy’s Zebra.” In Mammals of Africa. Vol. 5, Carnivores, Pangolins, Equids and Rhinoceroses. Edited by Kingdon, J. and Hoffmann, M., 422–28. London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2013.Google Scholar
Wilman, M. The Rock-Engravings of Griqualand West & Bechuanaland South Africa. Cape Town: A. A. Balkema, 1968.Google Scholar
Wilmut, I., Schnieke, A. E., McWhir, J., Kind, A. J., and Campbell, K. H. S.. “Viable offspring derived from fetal and adult mammalian cells.” Nature 385 (1997): 810–13.Google Scholar
Wilson, D. “Making the NēNē Matter: Valuing Life in Postwar Conservation.” Environmental History 25, no. 3 (2020): 492–514.Google Scholar
Witz, L. “The Making of an Animal Biography: Huberta’s Journey into South African Natural History, 1928–1932.” Kronos: Journal of Cape History 13, no. 30 (2004): 138–66.Google Scholar
Yeld, J. “Re-Breeding of Quagga Moves into a New Phase.” Cape Argus (South Africa). July 27, 1993.Google Scholar