Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7czq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T04:02:34.775Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

3 - Minority Stress and LGBTQ+ Mental Health

from Part I - Foundations of LGBTQ+ Affirmative Counseling

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 October 2024

Jeffry Moe
Affiliation:
Old Dominion University, Virginia
Amber L. Pope
Affiliation:
William & Mary
Dilani M. Perera
Affiliation:
Fairfield University, Connecticut
Narketta Sparkman-Key
Affiliation:
James Madison University, Virginia
Get access

Summary

The minority stress model, based on the theory of minority stress, serves as a primary framework to understand mental health disparities among LGBTQ+ individuals. In this chapter, we describe the model and its relationship with the social determinants of health and multiple minority stress. Interventions and evidence-based practices incorporating this model and barriers to care are discussed.

Type
Chapter
Information
LGBTQ+ Affirmative Counseling
A Student and Practitioner Handbook
, pp. 37 - 54
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alegría, M., NeMoyer, A., Falgàs Bagué, I., Wang, Y., & Alvarez, K. (2018). Social determinants of mental health: Where we are and where we need to go. Current Psychiatry Reports, 20, 113. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-018-0969-9CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Allen, J., Balfour, R., Bell, R., & Marmot, M. (2014). Social determinants of mental health. International Review of Psychiatry, 26(4), 392407. https://doi.org/10.3109/09540261.2014.928270CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Balik, C. H. A., Bilgin, H., Uluman, O. T., Sukut, O., Yilmaz, S., & Buzlu, S. (2020). A systematic review of the discrimination against sexual and gender minority in health care settings. International Journal of Health Services, 50(1), 4461. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020731419885093Google Scholar
Balsam, K. F., Molina, Y., Beadnell, B., Simoni, J., & Walters, K. (2011). Measuring multiple minority stress: The LGBT People of Color Microaggressions Scale. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 17(2), 163. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023244CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Borgogna, N. C., & Aita, S. L. (2023, February 20). Stress testing the minority stress model: It’s not just neuroticism. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity. Advance online publication. https://dx.doi.org/10.1037/sgd0000620CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bränström, R., Hatzenbuehler, M. L., Pachankis, J. E., & Link, B. G. (2016). Sexual orientation disparities in preventable disease: A fundamental cause perspective. American Journal of Public Health, 106(6), 11091115. https://doi-org.proxy.lib.odu.edu/10.2105/AJPH.2016.303051CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brooks, V. R. (1981). Minority stress and lesbian women. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.Google Scholar
Card, K., McGuire, M., Bond-Gorr, J., Nguyen, T., Wells, G. A., Fulcher, K., Berlin, G., Pal, N., Hull, M., & Lachowsky, N. J. (2021). Perceived difficulty of getting help to reduce or abstain from substances among sexual and gender minority men who have sex with men (SGMSM) and use methamphetamine during the early period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, 16, 111. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13011-021-00425-3CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Craig, S. L., Austin, A., & Alessi, E. (2013). Gay affirmative cognitive behavioral therapy for sexual minority youth: A clinical adaptation. Clinical Social Work Journal, 41, 258266. https://doi.org/10.1080/19359705.2017.1385559CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cyrus, K. (2017). Multiple minorities as multiply marginalized: Applying the minority stress theory to LGBTQ+ people of color. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health, 21(3), 194202. https://doi.org/10.1080/19359705.2017.1320739CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fish, J. N., Baams, L., Wojciak, A. S., & Russell, S. T. (2019). Are sexual minority youth overrepresented in foster care, child welfare, and out-of-home placement? Findings from nationally representative data. Child Abuse & Neglect, 89, 203211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.01.005CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flentje, A., Heck, N. C., Brennan, J. M., & Meyer, I. H. (2020). The relationship between minority stress and biological outcomes: A systematic review. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 43(5), 673694. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-019-00120-6CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fredriksen-Goldsen, K. I., Kim, H., Shui, C., & Bryan, A. E. B. (2017). Chronic health conditions and key health indicators among lesbian, gay, and bisexual older US adults, 2013–2014. American Journal of Public Health (1971), 107(8), 13321338. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2017.303922CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Frost, D., & Meyer, I.H. (2023). Minority stress theory: Application, critique, and continued relevance. Current Opinion in Psychology, 50, 101579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101579CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goldbach, J. T., Rhoades, H., Mamey, M. R., Senese, J., Karys, P., & Marsiglia, F. F. (2021). Reducing behavioral health symptoms by addressing minority stressors in LGBTQ+ adolescents: A randomized controlled trial of Proud & Empowered. BMC Public Health, 21, 110. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-12357-5CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hall, C. D. Xavier, D., Harris, R., Burns, P., Girod, C., Yount, K. M., & Wong, F. Y. (2023). Utilizing latent class analysis to assess the association of intersectional stigma on mental health outcomes among young adult Black, Indigenous, and sexual minority women of color. LGBT Health, 10, 463470. https://doi.org/10.1089/lgbt.2022.0083CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henderson, E. R., Goldbach, J. T., & Blosnich, J. R. (2022). Social determinants of sexual and gender minority mental health. Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry, 9(3), 229245. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40501-022-00269-zCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hendricks, M. L., & Testa, R. J. (2012). A conceptual framework for clinical work with transgender and gender nonconforming clients: An adaptation of the minority stress model. Professional Psychology, Research and Practice, 43(5), 460467. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029597CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, K. F., Cunningham, P. D., Tirado, C., Moreno, O., Gillespie, N. N., Duyile, B., Hughes, D. C., Scott, E. G., & Brookover, D. (2023). Social determinants of mental health considerations for counseling children and adolescents. Journal of Child and Adolescent Counseling, 9(1), 2133. https://doi.org/10.1080/23727810.2023.2169223CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lucassen, M. F., Núñez-García, A., Rimes, K. A., Wallace, L. M., Brown, K. E., & Samra, R. (2022). Coping strategies to enhance the mental wellbeing of sexual and gender minority youths: a scoping review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(14), 8738. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148738CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Martos, A. J., Fingerhut, A., Wilson, P. A., & Meyer, I. H. (2019). Utilization of LGBT-specific clinics and providers across three cohorts of lesbian, gay, and bisexual people in the United States. SSM – Population Health, 9, 100505. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100505CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McConnell, E. A., Janulis, P., PhillipsII, G., Truong, R., & Birkett, M. (2018). Multiple minority stress and LGBT community resilience among sexual minority men. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 5(1), 1. https://doi.org/doi:10.1037/sgd0000265CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meyer, I. H. (1995). Minority stress and mental health in gay men. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 36(1), 3856. https://doi.org/10.2307/2137286CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meyer, I. H. (2003). Prejudice, social stress, and mental health in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: Conceptual issues and research evidence. Psychological Bulletin, 129(5), 674697. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.129.5.674CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meyer, I. H. (2010). Identity, stress, and resilience in lesbians, gay men, and bisexuals of color. The Counseling Psychologist, 38(3), 442454. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000009351601CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moagi, M. M., van Der Wath, A. E., Jiyane, P. M., & Rikhotso, R. S. (2021). Mental health challenges of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people: An integrated literature review. Health SA Gesondheid, 26(1), a1487. https://doi.org/10.4102/hsag.v26i0.1487CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pachankis, J. E., Hatzenbuehler, M. L., Rendina, H. J., Safren, S. A., & Parsons, J. T. (2015). LGB-affirmative cognitive-behavioral therapy for young adult gay and bisexual men: A randomized controlled trial of a transdiagnostic minority stress approach. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 83(5), 875. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000037CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pachankis, J. E., McConocha, E. M., Clark, K. A., Wang, K., Behari, K., Fetzner, B. K., Brisbin, C. D., Scheer, J. R., & Lehavot, K. (2020). A transdiagnostic minority stress intervention for gender diverse sexual minority women’s depression, anxiety, and unhealthy alcohol use: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 88(7), 613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000508CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Paluck, E. L., Porat, R., Clark, C. S., & Green, D. P. (2021). Prejudice reduction: Progress and challenges. Annual Review of Psychology, 72, 533560. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-071620-030619CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Steele, L. S., Daley, A., Curling, D., Gibson, M. F., Green, D. C., Williams, C. C., & Ross, L. E. (2017). LGBT identity, untreated depression, and unmet need for mental health services by sexual minority women and trans-identified people. Journal of Women’s Health, 26(2), 116127. https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2015.5677CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (2022). 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) adults. www.samhsa.gov/data/report/2020-nsduh-lesbian-gay-bisexual-lgb-adultsGoogle Scholar
US Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2023). Social determinants of health. https://health.gov/healthypeople/priority-areas/social-determinants-healthGoogle Scholar
Valentine, S. E., & Shipherd, J. C. (2018). A systematic review of social stress and mental health among transgender and gender non-conforming people in the United States. Clinical Psychology Review, 66, 2438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2018.03.003CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
World Health Organization. (2023). Social determinants of health. www.who.int/health-topics/social-determinants-of-health#tab=tab_1Google Scholar
Zelaya, D. G., Rosales, R., Garcia, J. J., Moreno, O., Figuereo, V., Kahler, C. W., & DeBlaere, C. (2023). Intersectional forms of racism and sexual minority stress are associated with alcohol use among Latinx sexual minority men with greater Hispanic/Latinx cultural orientation. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 49(2), 228238. https://doi.org/10.1080/00952990.2023.2176235CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×