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Index

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 February 2025

Edited by
Felix Steffek  and
Mihoko Sumida
Felix Steffek
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge
Mihoko Sumida
Affiliation:
Hitotsubashi University
Type
Chapter
Information
Legal Innovation
Conversations about Technology, the Legal Profession and Societal Change
 , pp. 241 - 244
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This content is Open Access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/cclicenses/

Index

Access to justice, 62, 74, See Artificial Intelligence: Access to justice, See Online Dispute Resolution, See OECD
Commercial dispute resolution solutions, 217
COVID-19, 202–203, 215, 220–222
Digital vulnerability, 203
Digitalisation, 200, 202–203, 209–210
Fundamental rights, 201
Innovation, 238
People-centred approach, 203, 222–224
Risks, 228–229
United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, Goal 16 of, 219–220
AI and jurisprudence, 55–57
AI decision-makers
Discrimination, 231
Humans, role of, 178–179, 231
Opaque decision-making, 231
AI in dispute resolution, use of, 41–42
AI in court, 48
Preconditions, jurisdictional differences in, 49–51
AI in law, role of, 43
Access to justice, 61
Analysis, 43
Decision, 44
Information, 43
Rationality, 44–45
Application Programming Interfaces (APIs), 148
Artificial Intelligence
Access to justice, 81–82
Co-existence, 23, 52, 55, 84, 173–174
Difficulties unique to law, 23
Ethics, 48
Goal-based regulation, 136–137
Human lawyer, preference for, 36–37, 53–54
Jurisdictional differences in research and use of, 59–60
Liability, 53
Limitations, 68, 82–83
Outcome prediction precision, 39–41
Risk bias, 45–46, 62, 135–136
Social values, 140–141
Transparency, lack of, 46–47, 51–52, 62
Blockchain, 157, 161–162
Business innovation
Japanese economy, fall of, 4–5, 9–11
Transition, need for, 8–9
Venture ecosystem, 11–15
Business models, 180
Combination of, 182–183
Consulting, 182
Legal operations, 182
Legal technology, 182
Value creation, 181
Capital market, 3
Case Crunch Lawyer Challenge, 33–36
Civil Code of Japan
Natural disaster, legal liability for, 89–90
Coase, Ronald, 132, 139
Companies Act, Article 14 of, 128
Corporate governance, 237
Artificial Intelligence
AI principles, placement of, 130–133
Fusion approach, 137–138
Misora Habari revival, 130
Audit, 123–124, 141–142
Digital transformation, changes due to, 122–123
Supply chain, 132
Council conclusions, 200
COVID-19
Challenges, 120–121
ESG priorities, change in, 124–125
Regional disparity, 7
Triple crunch, the, 221
COVIDX, 121
Credence good, 181
Crisis, financial, 120
Data protocols, 168
Datasets
Accuracy, 68
Anonymisation, 51
Availability, 49–50, 54, 80, 194–195
Civil Law system, 51
Digitalisation, 51
Limitations, 82–83
Organisation, 65–66
Development, approaches to
Relay race, the, 115
Rugby, the, 115
Digital innovation, 237
Big-boned policy, 16
Capital market, interlinkage with digital market, 3–4
Digital transformation, 16
Design, 125
Five Ds, 121–122
Fundamental changes, need of, 17–19
Digitalisation, lag in
Germany, 204
Japan, 204–205
DX, See Digital innovation, Digital transformation
Enforcement, change in See Blockchain, See UNIDROIT
Accountability, 158
Court, role of, 159–160
Digitalisation, 157
Infrastructure, lack of, 158
Public-private collaboration, 158–159
Entrepreneurship, 15, 69
Experimentation, role of, 66, 69
Passion, role of, 66
Vision, role of, 67, 69–70
Finance, decentralised, 161
Financial Services Agency, See FSA
Financial services, change in, 161, 164–165
Financial supervision, See FSA
Banking as a service, 160
Corporate number, effective use of, 151–152
Data analysis, automation of, 152
Data collection, 148, 163–164
Data, normalisation of, 150–151
Digitalisation, 148–149
Efficiency, improvement in, 153–154
Financial institutions, working together with, 152–153
Financial Services Agency and Bank of Japan, data sharing between, 149
Granular data, utilisation of, 149–150
Securities and Exchange Surveillance Commission, 156–157
Surveillance, 167
FinTech, 156
FinTech Proof of Concept Hub, 155
FinTech Support Desk, 154
FSA
Change in, 160, 162–163, 165–166
Culture, 163
Digitalisation, 162
Future lawyers
Programming, 186
Three career paths, 187–189
Good country practices, 216
Great White Shark, 21
Group decision-making, three ways of, 130
Horizontality, 216
Industry, automotive, 114
Autonomous driving, 113
CASE, 113
Red Flag Act, 114
Industry, technology, 71
Innovation, 86
Investment
ESG, 11
Japan, adoption of Artificial Intelligence in, 190–194
Japan, AI governance in, 133–134, 138–139
Social Principles of Human-Centric AI, 129, 134–135
Japan, Big Five firms in, 190
Japan, social challenges, 8
Population contraction, 5–6
Regional disparity, 6–7
Justice for All report, 219–220
LawTech start-ups, 183–185
Lawyer, ideal, 89
Legal innovation
Actors of, 237
Functional equivalence, 126–129, 143–144
Human resources for (wise leaders), 114–118
Meaning of, 2, 235–236
Measurement, difficulties with, 116
New goods and services, 112
Path to, 118
Role models for, 115–118
Structural problems, 237
Legal NLP, 60
Legal prediction tools, creation of, 37–39
Legal procedures, change in, 205–208, 210–211
Legal service delivery pipeline, 175
Legal system
Human resources, cultivation of, 27–28
Social immune system, 24, 26
Legal transplantation, 128
Litigation finance, 179–180
Litigation strategy
‘De facto counsel’, role of bereaved families as, 93–97, 106–107
Documents, digitisation of, 107
Lawsuits, difficulties with filing, 109–110
Media, involvement of, 101
Negligence, organisational, 108
Praising people, importance of, 107
Small team, 95
Machine-Learning Operations (ML-Ops)
Human-In-the-Loop (HITL), 85–86
MDTs, See Multi-disciplinary teams
Multi-disciplinary teams, 174–175
AI use, correlation with, 177
Lawyers, survey of, 176
Mindset, 187
Non-lawyer human capital, retention of, 189
Negligence, 90
Negligence, organisational, 100, 110
Foreseeability, 99–100, 105–106
Liability, 98–99, 102–103
OECD, 217
Inclusive growth, 211
Justice system, barriers of the, 214–215
Justiciable problems, high prevalence of, 212
Vulnerable populations, 213
Okawa Elementary School Tsunami, 91
Online Dispute Resolution, 30, 208–209
Open innovation
Closed innovation, problems with, 19–21
Culture of, 20–21
Ore Ore Swindles, 21–22
Pathfinders, 219
Platform business model, 17
Professional fragmentation, 188
Public-private collaboration, 18, 169, See Enforcement, change in: Public-private collaboration
Rational contradiction, 91
RegTech, 147–148
Regulation, 48
Academia, role of, 77
Economic analysis and human rights, 72–74
Ethics, different from, 77
Financial services, 75–77
Regulatory sandboxes, 20
Risk management, 78–79
Tiered, 77–78
Robotic process automation, See Financial supervision: Data analysis, automation of
School Health and Safety Act, 101–105
SECI Model Theory, 80
Shadow pandemic, 221
Shigenobu, Hozumi, 117
Substantive law, change in, 205
SupTech, See RegTech
Susskind, Richard, 173
Task Force on Justice, 219
Tasks, 196–197
Three lines of defence, 122
UNIDROIT
Automation, 229
Enforcement, 227–230
Introduction, 224–227
New architectures, development of, 229
Technology, double role of, 228
Volkswagen example
Mistakes, 24–25
Response, difference in, 25–26
Vos, Sir Geoffrey, 29–30
World Justice Project, 213

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  • Index
  • Edited by Felix Steffek, University of Cambridge, Mihoko Sumida, Hitotsubashi University
  • Book: Legal Innovation
  • Online publication: 06 February 2025
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009427371.012
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  • Index
  • Edited by Felix Steffek, University of Cambridge, Mihoko Sumida, Hitotsubashi University
  • Book: Legal Innovation
  • Online publication: 06 February 2025
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009427371.012
Available formats
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To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Index
  • Edited by Felix Steffek, University of Cambridge, Mihoko Sumida, Hitotsubashi University
  • Book: Legal Innovation
  • Online publication: 06 February 2025
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009427371.012
Available formats
×