Despite the fast development of environmental governance and environmental law over the past decades, the world is facing fundamental threats to the environment and the earth system. Many scholars argue that the world is entering the Anthropocene, a new geological epoch represented by the fact that the earth is now in an unprecedented way shaped by human activities. In addition to reflecting the global scale of the environmental problems, this perspective also emphasizes the complex and intertwined relationship between the human and the natural systems (i.e., the social and the ecological). Research on social-ecological resilience provides a theoretical framework for the governance of such complexity. This governance calls also for new legal approaches and pose significant challenges for legal design. The purpose of this book is to explore the resilience theories and concepts, focusing on their compatibility with international and EU environmental law.