Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T08:57:18.489Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

7 - The ‘Organisational Weapon’ of the Chinese Communist Party

China’s Disciplinary Regime from Mao to Xi Jinping

from Part II - Ideology and the Party in Law and Organisation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 December 2020

Rogier J. E. H. Creemers
Affiliation:
Universiteit Leiden
Susan Trevaskes
Affiliation:
Griffith University, Queensland
Get access

Summary

Ling Li’s chapter focuses on how the Party operates in the governance space in China, using the evolution of the disciplinary regime of the Chinese Communist Party to demonstrate what she sees as the defining feature of China’s single-party state: two separate seats of power and sources of legitimation which enable the Party to use a variety of ways to impose authoritarian control over state affairs. Her analysis of the particular organisational features of China’s Party-state draws on a description of the evolution of this dualism and on the historical development of anti-corruption institutions as an exemplar of how the Party governs through supervision and discipline in China. She connects this discussion with the contemporary development of the National Supervision Commission. In this way, the chapter presents an historical evolution that can explain the establishment of the Commission, which represents the apex of Party-state disciplinary and supervisory ambitions in China today.

Type
Chapter
Information
Law and the Party in China
Ideology and Organisation
, pp. 187 - 213
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anonymous. 1957. Di er ci quanguo dang de jiancha huiyi gongzuo zongjie caogao (Concluding summary of the 2nd conference of national party supervision work [draft]). File number: CS-IMG-0624-0631.Google Scholar
Anonymous. 1960. Quansheng jiancha gongzuo huiyi jingshen de huibao, chuanda zhongyang shujichu dui jiancha gongzuo de zhishi (Report on the spirit of the provincial supervision conference regarding the central secretariat’s instructions on supervision work). File number: CS-IMG-0452-0463.Google Scholar
Anonymous. 2018. Sanshiyi sheng qu shi jiancha weiyuanhui lingdao banzi quanbu chansheng (Supervision commission leading bodies established in all 31 provincial regions nationwide). People’s Daily Oversees Edition.Google Scholar
Blumer, H. 1952. The organizational weapon: a study of bolshevik strategy and tactics. Americal Sociological Review 17, 630–31.Google Scholar
CCDI. 1980. Guanyu wei zhongyang jiancha weiyuanhui chedi pingfan huifu mingyu de qingshi baogao (Request to rehabilitate and completely rectify the wrongful disciplinary action against members of the Central Supervision Commission), submitted by the CCDI on 15 December.Google Scholar
CCDI. 1983. Guanyu dang de jilv jiancha xitong jiaqiang jijian duiwu jianshe de zanxing guiding (Provisional Rules on completing the party’s disciplinary system and strengthening the disciplinary personnel construction work).Google Scholar
CCDI. 2013. Zhongyang jilv jiancha weiyuanhui lishi yange (Historical development of the CCDI). CCP News Database, available at: http://cpc.people.com.cn/n/2013/0904/c75234–22804679.html.Google Scholar
CCP. 1955. Guanyu chengli dang de zhongyang he difang jiancha weiyuanhui de jueyi (Decision on the establishment of Central and Local Party Supervision Commissions), issued on 31 March by the Congregation of National Delegates Conference of the CCP.Google Scholar
CCP News. 2006. Zhu De: zhongjiwei diyi shuji (Zhu De: First Secretary of CCDI Part 3). Zhongguo gongchandang xinwen (CCP News Database). Available from: http://cpc.people.com.cn/GB/64162/64172/64915/5093286.html.Google Scholar
Centre, Party. 1949. Zhongguo gongchandang guanyu chengli zhongyang ji ge ji dang de jilv jiancha weiyuanhui de jueding [Decision on the establishment of the central and local committees of discipline and inspection], issued in November.Google Scholar
Centre, Party. 1957. Guanyu huafen youpai fenzi de biaozhun de tongzhi (Notice on the Standard of classifying the rightists).Google Scholar
Centre, Party. 1962. Guanyu jiaqiang dang de jiancha jiguan de jueding (Decision to strengthen Party Supervision Organs), issued by the 8th Central Committee at its 10th Plenary Meeting.Google Scholar
Centre, Party. 1980. Guanyu dangnei zhengzhi shenghuo zhunze (Principal guidelines regarding intra-Party political life).Google Scholar
Chen, Lei. 2015. Zhongguo jiancha jiguan fantanju de lailongqumai (The historical background of the establishment of the anticorruption bureaus in the procuratorates in China). Jiancha ribao (Procuratorate’ Daily), 3 February. Available from: http://newspaper.jcrb.com/html/2015-02/03/content_178373.htm.Google Scholar
Commission, Central Party Supervision. 1957. Zhongyang jiancha weiyuanhui guanyu chufen dagnyuan de pizhun quanxian de guiding (Rules on the competence to approve disciplinary decisions against party-members), issued on October 16. File number: CS-IMG-0675.Google Scholar
County A, Party Supervision Commission. 1960 Case deliberation records. File number FJSC-0092-1960.Google Scholar
Fränkel, E. 2017. The Dual State: A Contribution to the Theory of Dictatorship (with an Introduction by Jens Meierheirich). New York [u.a.]: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Jackson, R. H. 1945. Chapter V. Opening address for the United States. Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression.Google Scholar
Jiang, Laiying. 2017. Guojia jiancha tizhi gaige de shijian yu duice (Historical lessons of and solutions regarding national supervision system reform). Journal of National Administrative College, 10–16.Google Scholar
Li, Li. and Wang, Peng. 2019. from institutional interaction to institutional integration: the national supervisory commission and China’s new anti-corruption model. The China Quarterly (advanced online view doi:10.1017/S0305741019000596), 1–23.Google Scholar
Li, Ling. 2015. ‘Rule of law’ in a party-state – a conceptual interpretive framework of the constitutional reality of China. Asian Journal of Law and Society 2, 93113.Google Scholar
Li, L. 2016. The rise of the discipline and inspection commission, 1927–2012: anticorruption investigation and decision-making in the Chinese communist party. Modern China 42, 447–82.Google Scholar
Li, L. 2019. Politics of anticorruption in China: paradigm change of the party’s disciplinary regime 2012–2017. Journal of Contemporary China 28, 4763.Google Scholar
Li, Ling. and Zhou, Wenzhang. 2019. Governing the ‘constitutional vacuum’: federalism, rule of law, and politburo politics in China. Chinese law and society review 4.Google Scholar
Lv, Jiao. 1992. Woguo jiancha jiguan jizhen gongzuo de lishi yange (Historical development of the conduction of criminal investigation by the procuratorates). Jiancha lilun yanjiu (Procutorial Theory Research), 83–7.Google Scholar
Mao, Zedong. 1957. Speech at the Qingdao conference (transcript). Selected Works of Mao Zedong. Renmin Publishing House, p. 456.Google Scholar
Osakwe, C. 1985. The four images of soviet law: a philosophical analysis of the soviet legal system. Texas International Law Journal 21, 137.Google Scholar
Party Center, Huabei Bureau. 1952. Guanyu chuli renmin laixin jiejian renmin qunzhong gongzuo de zhishi (Directives on the work of processing people’s letters [of complaints] and visits), issued in November. Available from: www.marxists.org/chinese/reference-books/chineserevolution/195303/1.htm.Google Scholar
Politburo. 1950. Zhongyang jilv jiancha weiyuanhui gongzuo xize (CCDI Operational Rules).Google Scholar
Province A, Discipline and Inspection Commission of. 1953. X tongzhi zai zhongong sichuan shengwei di yi ci jilv jiancha gongzuo huiyi shang de fayan (Speech of Commorade X at the 1st conference of discipline and inspection work of the Party Committee of Province A). File number: FJDC-0007-1953-038.Google Scholar
Province A, Party Supervision Commission of . 1955. Guanyu chengli jianwei zuzhi jigou wenti de dafu (Reponses to inquiries regarding the establishment of Party supervision commission). File number: FJSC-@0014-1955-@025.Google Scholar
Province A, Party Supervision Commission of. 1956. Dang de di yi ci quanquo jiancha gongzuo huiyi de chuanda baogo (Relaying report of the 1st National Conference of Supervision Work of the Party). File number: FJSC-0035-1956-0001.Google Scholar
Province A, Party Supervision Commission of. 1960. Guanyu jiancha gongzuo de yijian (Opinions regarding the supervisory work of the year of 1960). File number: FJSC-0087-1960-040-00044.Google Scholar
RGBL. 1935. Reichsgesetzblatt.Google Scholar
Rigby, T. H. 1964. Traditional, market, and organizational societies and the USSR. World Politics 16, 539–57.Google Scholar
Rigby, T. H. 1975. Stalinism and the Mono-organizational society. In Tucker, R. C., ed. Stalinism: Essays in Historical Interpretation. New York: W. W. Norton & Co., pp. 5376.Google Scholar
Sapio, F. 2008. Shuanggui and extralegal detention in China. China information 22, 737.Google Scholar
Schoenhals, M. 1996. The central case examination group, 1966–79. The China Quarterly 145, 87111.Google Scholar
Selznick, P. 1952. The Organizational Weapon – A Study of Bolshevik Strategy and Tactics. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company.Google Scholar
Shambaugh, D. L. 2000. The Chinese state in the post-Mao era. In Shambaugh, D. L., ed., The Modern Chinese State. New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 161–87.Google Scholar
Sharlet, R. 1975. Stalinism and soviet legal culture. In Tucker, R. C., ed., Stalinism: Essays in Historical Interpretation. New York: W. W. Norton & Co., pp. 155–79.Google Scholar
Walder, A. G. and Lu, Q. 2017. The dynamics of collapse in an authoritarian regime: China in 1967. American Journal of Sociology 122, 1144–82.Google Scholar
Wang, Congwu. 1962. Wang cong wu tongzhi zai quanguo dang de jiancha gongzuo huiyi shang de zongjie jiyao (Concluding summary speech delivered by comrade Wang Cong Wu at the national supervision work conference on 11 Dec.).Google Scholar
Ye, Qing. 2005. Lun zhongguo gongchandang yu qunzhong yundong moshi de yunzuo (The party and the operation of the mode of mass campaign). Party History Research and Teaching 74–83.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×