This chapter explores the putative connection between knotting and linguistic abilities in recent human evolution. As a first step, it gives mathematical grounds to the idea that it makes sense referring to “knowledge of knotting” or “knotting grammars,” as customarily done in the case of language, yet maintaining open whether the underlying computational mechanisms are specific for each domain or shared. After reviewing some pieces of evidence of the use of scaffolds by early modern humans that clearly entail complex knotting activity—and which seems lacking in the case of Neanderthals, the chapter concludes that a cognitive architecture with a shared computational facility accessible to both knotting and language, is to be preferred both on theoretical and empirical grounds. Comparative data with other non-human species, as well as patterns of comorbidity in the context of linguistic impairments, are offered that support the stance