Book contents
- Language in Britain and Ireland
- Language in Britain and Ireland
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Contributors
- Acknowledgements
- Map of Britain and Ireland
- Introduction
- Part I English
- 1 The History of English
- 2 Standard and Non-standard English
- 3 Phonetic and Phonological Variation in England
- 4 Grammatical Variation in England
- 5 Discourse-Pragmatic Variation in England
- 6 Scots and Scottish Standard English
- 7 English in Ireland
- 8 English in Wales
- 9 Insular Varieties of English in Britain
- 9 Insular Varieties of English in Britain
- 9 Insular Varieties of English in Britain
- 9 Insular Varieties of English in Britain
- Part II Multilingualism in Britain and Ireland: The Celtic Languages
- Part III Multilingualism in Britain and Ireland: Minority Languages
- Part IV Multilingualism: The Development of Urban Contact Varieties
- Part V Applied Sociolinguistic Issues
- Index
- References
3 - Phonetic and Phonological Variation in England
from Part I - English
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 17 October 2024
- Language in Britain and Ireland
- Language in Britain and Ireland
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Contributors
- Acknowledgements
- Map of Britain and Ireland
- Introduction
- Part I English
- 1 The History of English
- 2 Standard and Non-standard English
- 3 Phonetic and Phonological Variation in England
- 4 Grammatical Variation in England
- 5 Discourse-Pragmatic Variation in England
- 6 Scots and Scottish Standard English
- 7 English in Ireland
- 8 English in Wales
- 9 Insular Varieties of English in Britain
- 9 Insular Varieties of English in Britain
- 9 Insular Varieties of English in Britain
- 9 Insular Varieties of English in Britain
- Part II Multilingualism in Britain and Ireland: The Celtic Languages
- Part III Multilingualism in Britain and Ireland: Minority Languages
- Part IV Multilingualism: The Development of Urban Contact Varieties
- Part V Applied Sociolinguistic Issues
- Index
- References
Summary
The chapter deals with segmental and suprasegmental features of English spoken by residents of England without a recent migration history – though two major new varieties, British Asian English and Multicultural London English, are briefly discussed. While the emphasis is on the period since the turn of the twenty-first century, the chapter also deals with changes since the 1960s. The chapter begins with a presentation of recent technological advances, such as magnetic resonance imaging and innovative quantitative cartographic techniques. This is followed by a discussion of consonants, vowels, rhythm, stress, intonation and voice quality. The chapter goes on to show how some features are involved in levelling at the national or regional level, while other local and regional features are maintained. Using older dialectological sources as well as contemporary sociolinguistic methods, four regions are discussed, those centred on London, Newcastle, Liverpool and Manchester. The evidence shows similarities (a general reduction in variation) and differences (maintenance of differences between neighbouring cities). Levelling in the South East involves a shift of vowels towards Received Pronunciation-like variants, while consonants do not take part in this change; the exception is the rapid loss of traditional h-dropping. Finally, the influence of standardisation is discussed.
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- Language in Britain and Ireland , pp. 70 - 97Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2024