Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2brh9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T16:48:31.008Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

References

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2012

Yaron Matras
Affiliation:
University of Manchester
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Language Contact , pp. 323 - 349
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abutalebi, J., Cappa, S. F., and Perani, D. 2001. The bilingual brain as revealed by functional neuroimaging. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 4, 179–190.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adamson, L. and Smith, N. 1995. Sranan. In: Muysken, P. and Smith, N. eds. Substrata versus univerals in creole genesis. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 219–232.Google Scholar
Aikhenvald, A. Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. eds. 2001. Areal diffuson and genetic inheritence: problems in comparative linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Aikhenvald, A. Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. eds. 2006. Grammars in contact. A cross-linguistic typology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Aikhenvald, A. Y. 2001. Language contact and language change in Amazonia. In: Blake, B. J. and Burridge, K. eds. Historical linguistics 2001. Selected papers from the 15th International Conference on Historical Linguistics, Melbourne 13–17 August 2001. 1–20.
Aikhenvald, A. Y. 2002. Language contact in Amazonia. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Aikhenvald, A. Y. 2003. Mechanisms of change in areal diffusion: new morphology and language contact. Journal of Linguistics 39, First person–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aikhenvald, A. Y. 2006. Grammars in contact: A cross-linguistic perspective. In: Aikhenvald, A. Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. eds. 1–66.
Aikhenvald, A. Y. 2007a. Language contact along the Sepik River, Papua New Guinea. Paper presented at the Workshop on Language Contact along Rivers, Research Centre for Linguistics Typology, La Trobe University, November 2007.
Aikhenvald, A. Y. 2007b. Multilingual fieldwork and emergent grammars. Proceedings of the 33rd annual meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society. Berkeley: Berkeley Linguistics Society.Google Scholar
Albert, M. L. and Obler, L. K. 1978. The bilingual brain. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Alves, M. 2007. Sino-Vietnamese grammatical borrowing: An overview. In: Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. eds. 343–361.
Ameka, F. K. 2006. Grammars in contact in the Volta basin (West Africa): On contact-induced grammatical change in Likpe. In: Aikhenvald, A. Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. eds. 114–142.
Ameka, F. K. 2007. Grammatical borrowing in Likpe (Sɛkpɛlé). In: Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. eds. 107–122.
Anders, K. 1993. Einflüsse der russischen Sprache bei deutschsprachigen Aussiedlern. (Arbeiten zur Mehrsprachigkeit 44.) Hamburg: Germanisches Seminar.Google Scholar
Anderson, G. D. S. 2006. Towards a typology of the Siberian linguistic area. In: Matras, Y., McMahon, A., and Vincent, N. eds. 266–300.CrossRef
Appel, R. and Muysken, P. 1987. Language contact and bilingualism. London: Edward Arnold.Google Scholar
Arends, J. and Bruyn, A. 1995. Gradualist and developmental hypotheses. In: Arends, J., Muysken, P., and Smith, N. eds. 111–120.
Arends, J. 1993. Towards a gradualist model of creolization. In: Byrne, F. and Holm, J. eds. Atlantic meets Pacific. A global view of pidginization and creolization. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 371–380.Google Scholar
Arends, J., Kouwenberg, S., and Smith, N. 1995. Theories focusing on the non-European input. In: Arends, J., Muysken, P., and Smith, N. eds. 99–109.
Arends, J., Muysken, P., and Smith, N. eds. 1995. Pidgins and creoles. An introduction. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Auer, P. 1984. Bilingual conversation. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Auer, P. 1995. The pragmatics of code-switching: a sequential approach. In: Milroy, L. and Muysken, P. eds. 115–35.
Auer, P. 1999. From codeswitching via language mixing to fused lects: toward a dynamic typology of bilingual speech. International Journal of Bilingualism Third person, 309–332.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Auer, P. ed. 1998. Code-switching in conversation. London: Routledge.
Backus, A. 1996. Two in one. Bilingual speech of Turkish immigrants in the Netherlands. Tilburg: Tilburg University Press.Google Scholar
Backus, A. 2003. Can a mixed language be conventionalized alternational codeswitching? In: Matras, Y. and Bakker, P. eds. 237–270.
Baghbidi, H. R. 2003. The Zargari language. An endangered European Romani in Iran. Romani Studies 5/13, 123–148.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bakker, P. and Mous, M. 1994. Introduction. In: Bakker, P. and Mous, M. eds. 1–11.CrossRef
Bakker, P. and Mous, M. eds. 1994. Mixed languages. 15 case studies in language intertwining. Amsterdam: IFOTT.
Bakker, P. and Muysken, P. 1995. Mixed languages and language intertwining. In: Arends, J., Muysken, P., and Smith, N. eds. 41–52.
Bakker, P. and Papen, R. A. 1997. Michif. In: Thomason, S. G. ed. 365–363.CrossRef
Bakker, P. and Voort, H. 1991. Para-Romani languages. An overview and some speculations on their genesis. In: Bakker, P. and Cortiade, M. eds. In the margin of Romani. Gypsy languages in contact. Amsterdam: Institute for General Linguistics. 16–44.Google Scholar
Bakker, P. 1987. A Basque nautical pidgin: A missing link in the history of Fu. Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages Second person, First person–30.Google Scholar
Bakker, P. 1989. ‘The language of the coast tribes is half-Basque’. A Basque-Amerindian pidgin in use between Europeans and Native Americans in North America ca. 1540–ca. 1640. Anthropological Linguistics 31, 117–147.Google Scholar
Bakker, P. 1994. Michif, the Cree-French mixed language of the Métis buffalo hunters in Canada. In: Bakker, P. and Mous, M. eds. 13–33.
Bakker, P. 1995. Pidgins. In: Arends, J., Muysken, P., and Smith, N. eds. 25–39.
Bakker, P. 1996. Language intertwining and convergence: typological aspects of genesis of mixed languages. Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung 49, 9–20.Google Scholar
Bakker, P. 1997a. A language of our own. The genesis of Michif – the mixed Cree-French language of the Canadian Métis. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Bakker, P. 1997b. Athematic morphology in Romani: The borrowing of a borrowing pattern. In: Matras, Y., Bakker, P., and Kyuchukov, H. eds. The typology and dialectology of Romani. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. First person–21.Google Scholar
Bakker, P. 1998. Pararomani languages and secret languages. In: Matras, Y. ed. 69–96.
Bakker, P. 2000a. Convergence intertwining: An alternative way towards the genesis of mixed languages. In: Gilbers, D. G., Nerbonne, J., and Schaeken, J. eds. 29–35.
Bakker, P. 2000b. Rapid language change: Creolization, intertwining, convergence. In: Renfrew, C., McMahon, A., and Trask, R. L. eds. 585–620.
Bakker, P. 2002. An Early vocabulary of British Romani (1616): A linguistic analysis. Romani Studies 5/12, 75–101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bakker, P. 2003. Mixed languages as autonomous systems. In: Matras, Y. and Bakker, P. eds. 107–150.
Bakker, P. 2006. The Sri Lanka Sprachbund: The newcomers Portuguese and Malay. In: Matras, Y., McMahon, A., and Vincent, N. eds. 135–159.
Bakker, P., Post, M., and Voort, H. 1995. TMA particles and auxiliaries. In: Arends, J., Muysken, P., and Smith, N. eds. 247–258.
Bakker, P., Smith, N., and Veenstra, T. 1995. Saramaccan. In: Muysken, P. and Smith, N. ed. Substrata versus univerals in creole genesis. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 165–178.Google Scholar
Bao, Z. 2005. The aspectual system of Singapore English and the systemic substratist explanation. Journal of Linguistics 41, 237–267.Google Scholar
Bauer, E. B., Hall, J. K., and Kruth, K. 2002. The pragmatic role of codeswitches in play contexts. International Journal of Bilingualism 6, 53–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beck, D. 2000. Bella Coola and North Wakashan: Convergence and diversity in the Northwest Coast Sprachbund. In: Gilbers, D. G., Nerbonne, J., and Schaeken, J. eds. 37–53.
Bentahila, A. and Davies, E. E. 1983. The syntax of Arabic-French code-switching. Lingua 59, 301–330.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bentahila, A. and Davies, E. E. 1995. Patterns of code-switching and patterns of language contact. Lingua 96, 75–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berk-Seligson, S. 1986. Linguistic constraints on intra-sentential code-switching: A study of Spanish/Hebrew bilingualism. Language in Society 15, 313–348.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berlin, B. and Kay, P. 1969. Basic color terms: their universality and evolution. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Bhatia, T. K. and Ritchie, W. C. 1999. The bilingual child. In: Ritchie, W. C. and Bhatia, T. K. eds. Handbook of child language acquisition. San Diego: Academic Press. 569–641.Google Scholar
Bhatia, T. K. and Ritchie, W. C. eds. 2004. The handbook of bilingualism. Oxford: Blackwell.
Bickerton, D. 1981. Roots of language. Ann Arbor: Karoma.Google Scholar
Bickerton, D. 1984. The Language Bioprogram hypothesis. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 7, 173–222.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biggam, C. P. 1997. Blue in Old English. An interdisciplinary semantic study. Amsterdam: Rodopi.Google Scholar
Bisang, W. 1996. Areal typology and grammaticalization: processes of grammaticalization based on nouns and verbs in East and Mainland South East Asian languages. Studies in Language 20, 519–597.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bisang, W. 1998. Grammaticalisation and language contact, constructions and positions. In: Giacalone Ramat, A. and Hopper, P. J. eds. The limits of grammaticalization. Amsterdam: Benjamins. 13–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bisang, W. 2006. Linguistic area, language contact, and typology: Some implications from the case of Ethiopia as a linguistic area. In: Matras, Y., McMahon, A., and Vincent, N. eds. 75–98.
Blakemore, D. 2002. Relevance and linguistic meaning. The semantics and pragmatics of discourse markers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blom, J. P. and Gumperz, J. 1972. Social meaning in structure: Code-switching in Norway. In: Gumperz, J. and Hymes, D. eds. Directions in sociolinguistics. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. 409–434.Google Scholar
Bloom, P. 2000. How children learn the meaning of words. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Bolonyai, A. 1998. In-between languages: language shift/maintenance in childhood bilingualism. International Journal of Bilingualism Second person, 21–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boretzky, N. and Igla, B. 1994. Romani mixed dialects. In: Bakker, P. and Mous, M. eds. 35–68.
Boretzky, N. 1983. Kreolsprachen, Substrate und Sprachwandel. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Google Scholar
Borg, A. and Azzopardi-Alexander, M. 1997. Maltese. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Bořkovcová, M. 2006. Romský etnolekt češtiny. Případová studie. Prague: Signeta.Google Scholar
Bowern, C. 2006. Another look at Australia as a linguistic area. In: Matras, Y., McMahon, A., and Vincent, N. eds. 244–265.CrossRef
Brody, J. 1987. Particles borrowed from Spanish as discourse markers in Mayan languages. Anthropological Linguistics 29, 507–532.Google Scholar
Brody, J. 1995. Lending the ‘Unborrowable’: Spanish discourse markers in indigenous American languages. In: Silva-Corvalán, C. ed. Spanish in four continents. Studies in language contact and bilingualism. Washington DC: Georgetown University Press. 132–147.Google Scholar
Broersma, M. and Bot, K. 2006. Triggered codeswtiching: A corpus-based evaluation of the original triggering hypothesis and a new alternative. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 9, First person–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, C. H. 1999. Lexical acculturation in Native American languages. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Bruyn, A. 1996. On identifying instances of grammaticalization in Creole languages. In: Baker, P. and Syea, A. eds. Changing meanings, changing functions. Papers relating to grammaticalization in contact languages. London: University of Westminster Press. 29–46Google Scholar
Bühler, K. 1934 [1982]. Sprachtheorie. Stuttgart: Fischer.Google Scholar
Bulut, C. 2006. Syntactic traces of Turkic-Iranian contiguity. An areal survey of contact-induced shift in patterns of relativzation. In: Johanson, L. and Bulut, Ch. eds. Turkic-Iranian contact areas. Historical and linguistic aspects. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. 165–208.Google Scholar
Burridge, K. 2006. Language contact and convergence in Pennsylvania German. In: Aikhenvald, A. Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. eds. 179–200.
Campbell, L. 1993. On proposed universals of grammatical borrowing. In: Aertsen, H. and Jeffers, R. J. eds. Historical linguistics 1989. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 91–109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, L. 1997. Amerind personal pronouns: A second opinion. Language 73, 339–351.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, L. 2006. Areal linguistics: A closer scrutiny. In: Matras, Y., McMahon, A., and Vincent, N. eds. 1–31.CrossRef
Campbell, L., Kaufman, T., and Smith-Stark, Th. C. 1986. Meso-America as a linguistic area. Language 62, 530–570.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carlin, E. B. 2006. Feeling the need. The borrowing of Cariban functional categories into Mawayana (Arawak). In: Aikhenvald, A. Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. eds. 313–332.
Carroll, J. 1981. Twenty-five years of research on foreign language aptitude. In: Diller, K. ed. Individual differences in language ability and language behavior. New York: Academic Press. 83–118.Google Scholar
Carroll, M. and Lambert, M. 2003. Information structure in narratives and the role of grammaticised knowledge: A study of adult French and German learners of English. In: Dimroth, C. and Starren, M. eds. Information structure and the dynamics of language acquisition. Amsterdam: Benjamins. 267–289.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chamoreau, C. 2007. Grammatical borrowing in Purepecha. In: Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. eds. 465–480.
Chaudenson, R. 1992. Des îles, des hommes, des langues. Paris: L'Harmattan.Google Scholar
Chen, H. 2007. Code-switching in conversation: a case study from Taiwan. Unpublished PhD. Dissertation, University of Manchester.
Christodoulou, I. 1991. Greek outside Greece. Language use by Greek-Cypriots in Britain. Nicosia: Diaspora Books.Google Scholar
Chyet, M. 1995. Neo-Aramaic and Kurdish – an interdisciplinary consideration of their influence on each other. In: Izre'el, S. and Drory, R. eds. Israel Oriental Studies XV – Language and culture in the Near East. Leiden: E. J. Brill. 219–252.Google Scholar
Clahsen, H. and Felsen, C. 2006. How native-like is non-native language processing?Trends in Cognitive Sciences 10, 564–570.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Clements, J. C. and Koontz-Garboden, A. J. 2002. Two Indo-Portuguese creoles in contrast. Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 17, 191–236.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clyne, M. and Kipp, S. 2006a. Australia's community languages. International Journal for the Sociology of Language 180, 7–21.Google Scholar
Clyne, M. and Kipp, S. 2006b. Tiles in the multilingual mosaic. Macedonian, Filipino and Somali in Melbourne. Canberra: ANU (Pacific Linguistics).Google Scholar
Clyne, M. 1967. Transference and triggering. The Hague: Nijhoff.Google Scholar
Clyne, M. 1968. Zum Pidgin-Deutsch der Gastarbeiter. Zeitschrift für Mundartforschung 35, 130–139.Google Scholar
Clyne, M. 1987. Constraints on code switching: How universal are they?Linguistics 25, 739–764.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clyne, M. 2003. Dynamics of language contact. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clyne, M. ed. 1982. Foreigner Talk. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 28.
Coleman, W. D. 1981. From Bill 22 to Bill 101: The politics of language under the Parti Québécois. Canadian Journal of Political Science/Révue canadienne de science politique 14, 459–485.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Comeau, L., Genesee, F., and Lapaquette, L. 2003. The Modeling Hypothesis and child bilingual codemixing. International Journal of Bilingualism 7, 113–126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Comrie, B. 1991. Comment: Yiddish is Slavic. In: Fishman, J. ed. Yiddish – the fifteenth Slavic language (= International Journal for the Sociology of Language 91). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 151–156.Google Scholar
Comrie, B. 2000. Language contact, lexical borrowing, and semantic fields. In: Gilbers, D. G., Nerbonne, J., and Schaeken, J. eds. 73–86.
Comrie, B. 2004. Prolegomena to the study of loan words in Tsezic languages. Paper presented at the Loan Word Typology Workshop, Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, 1–2 May 2004.
Costa, A. and Caramazza, A. 1999. Is lexical selection in bilingual speech production language-specific? Further evidence from Spanish-English and English-Spanish bilinguals. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Second person, 231–244.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Costa, A. 2004. Speech production in bilinguals. In: Bhatia, T. J. and Ritchie, W. C. eds. 201–223.
Crass, J. 2007. Grammatical borrowing in K'abeena. In: Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. eds. 91–105.
Croft, W. 2000. Explaining language change: An evolutionary approach. Harlow, Essex: Longman.Google Scholar
Croft, W. 2001. Radical construction grammar. Syntactic theory in typological perspective. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Croft, W. 2003. Mixed languages and acts of identity: An evolutionary approach. In: Matras, Y. and Bakker, P. eds. 41–72.
Crystal, D. 2000. Language death. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Curnow, T. J. 2001. What language features can be ‘borrowed’? In: Aikhenvald, A. Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. eds. 2001. 412–436.
Dahl, Ö. and Koptjevskaja-Tamm, M. eds. 2001. The Circum-Baltic languages: typology and contact. Vol. I & II. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Dal Negro, Slivia. 2005. Lingue in contatto: Il caso speciale dei segnali discorsivi. In: Banti, G., Marra, A., and Vineis, E. eds. Atti del 4° congresso di studi dell'Associazione Italiana di Linguistica Applicata. Perugia: Guerra Edizioni. 73–88.
Dawkins, R. M. 1916. Modern Greek in Asia Minor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bot, K., Lowie, W., and Verspoor, M. 2007. A dynamic systems theory approach to second language acquisition. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 10, 7–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Camp, D. 1971. Towards a generative analysis of post-creole speech continuum. In: Hymes, D. ed. 349–370.
Houwer, A. 1990. The acquisition of two languages from birth: A case study. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rooij, V. A. 1996. Cohesion through contrast: discourse structure in Shaba Swahili/French conversations. Amsterdam: IFOTT.Google Scholar
Rooij, V. A. 2000. French discourse markers in Shaba Swahili conversations. International Journal of Bilingualism, 4, 447–468.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deuchar, M. and Quay, S. 1998. One vs. two systems in early bilingual syntax: Two versions of the question. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition First person, 231–143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deuchar, M. and Quay, S. 2000. Bilingual acquisition. Theoretical implications of a case study. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Deuchar, M. 1999. Are function words non-language-specific in early bilingual two-word utterances?Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Second person, 23–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dimmendaal, G. J. 2001. Areal diffusion versus genetic inheritance: an African perspective. In: Aikhenvald, A. Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. eds. 2001. 358–392.
Dimroth, , C. 2007. Zweitspracherwerb bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede. In: Anstatt, T. ed. Mehrsprachigkeit bei Kindern und Erwachsenen. Tübingen: Narr-Francke. 115–137.Google Scholar
Dixon, R. M. W. 1980. The languages of Australia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Dixon, R. M. W. 2001. The Australian linguistic area. In: Aikhenvald, A. Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. eds. 64–104.
Dixon, R. M. W. 2002. Australian languages, their nature and development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dixon, R. M. W. 2006. Grammatical diffusion in Australia: Free and bound pronouns. In: Aikhenvald, A. Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. eds. 67–93.
Donakey, A. 2007. Language planning and language policy in Manchester. Unpublished MA dissertation, University of Manchester.Google Scholar
Döpke, S. 1992. One parent one language. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dorian, N. 1981. Language death: The life cycle of a Scottish Gaelic dialect. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dutton, T. 1997. Hiri Motu. In: Thomason, S. G. ed. 9–41.CrossRef
Ehlich, K. and Rehbein, J. 1986. Muster und Institution. Untersuchungen zur schulischen Kommunikation. Tübingen: Narr.Google Scholar
Ehlich, K. 1986. Interjektionen. Tübingen: Niemeyer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ehlich, K. 2007. Sprache und sprachliches Handeln. Berlin: De Gruyter.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eloeva, F. A., and Rusakov, A. J. 1990. Problemy jazykovoj interferencii (cyganskie dialekty Evropy): Učebnoe posobie. Leningrad: Leningradskij gosudarstvennyj universitet.Google Scholar
Elšík, V. and Matras, Y. 2006. Markedness and language change: The Romani sample. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Elšík, V. and Matras, Y. 2008. Modality in Romani. In: Hansen, B., Haan, F., and Auwera, J. eds. Modality in European languages. Berlin: Mouton de Guyter.Google Scholar
Elšík, V. 2007. Grammatical borrowing in Hungarian Rumungro. In: Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. eds. 261–282.
Elšík, V. In press. Loanwords in Selice Romani, and Indo-Aryan language of Slovakia. In: Haspelmath, M. and Tadmor, U. eds. Loanword typology. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Emeneau, M. B. 1956. India as a linguistic area. Language 32, Third person–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Enfield, N. J. 2003. Linguistic epidemiology: semantics and grammar of language. Contact in mainland Southeast Asia. London: Routledge Curzon.Google Scholar
Epps, P. 2001. The Vaupés melting pot: Tucanoan influence on Hup. In: Aikhenvald, A. Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. eds. 267–289.
Epps, P. 2006. The Vaupés melting pot: Tucanoan influence on Hup. In: Aikhenvald, A. Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. eds. 237–266.
Epps, P. 2007. Grammatical borrowing in Hup. In: Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. eds. 551–565.
Ervin, S. and Osgood, C. 1954. Second language learning and bilingualism. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology Supplement 49, 139–146.Google Scholar
Estrada Fernández, S. and Guerrero, L. 2007. Grammatical borrowing in Yaqui. In: Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. eds. 419–433.
Evans, N. 2005. Australian languages reconsidered: A review of Dixon (2002). Oceanic Linguistics 44, 242–286.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Extra, G. and Yağmur, K. eds. 2004. Urban multilingualism in Europe. Immigrant minority languages at home and school. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Ferguson, C. A. 1970. The Ethiopian language area. Journal of Ethiopian Studies 8, 67–80.Google Scholar
Ferguson, C.A. 1977. Simplified registers, broken language and Gastarbeiterdeutsch. In: Molony, C., Zobl, H., and Stölting, W. eds. Deutsch im Kontakt mit anderen Sprachen. Kronberg: Scriptor. 25–39.Google Scholar
Field, F. W. 2002. Linguistic borrowing in bilingual contexts. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Filiputti, D., Tavano, A., Vorano, L., Luca, G., and Fabbro, F. 2002. Nonparallel recovery of languages in a quadrilingual aphasic patient. International Journal of Bilingualism 6, 395–410.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fischer, S. R. 2007. Grammatical borrowing in Rapanui. In: Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. eds. 387–402.
Fishman, J. 1964. Language maintenance and language shift as a field of inquiry. Linguistics 9, 32–70.Google Scholar
Fishman, J. 1965. Who speaks what language to whom and when?La Linguistique Second person, 67–87.Google Scholar
Fishman, J. 1967. Bilingualism with and without diglossia. Diglossia with and without bilingualism. Journal of Social Issues 23, 29–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foley, W. A. 1986. The Papuan languages of New Guinea. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Forman, M. L. 1972. Zamboangueño texts with grammatical analysis: A study of Philippine Creole Spanish. PhD dissertation, Cornell University.
Frake, C. O. 1971. Lexical origins and semantic structure in Philippine Creole Spanish. In: Hymes, D. ed. 223–242.
Frank, I. and Poulin-Dubois, D. 2002. Young monolingual and bilingual responses to violation of the Mutual Exclusivity Principle. International Journal of Bilingualism 6, 125–146.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fraser, B. 1990. An approach to discourse markers. Journal of Pragmatics 14, 383–395.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friederici, A. 2001. Syntactic, prosodic, and semantic processes in the brain: Evidence from event-related neuroimaging. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 30, 237–250.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Friedman, V. A. 1991. Case in Romani: old grammar in new affixes. Journal of the Gypsy Lore Society 5/1, 85–102.Google Scholar
Friedman, V. A. 2003. Turkish in Macedonia and beyond: Studies in contact, typology, and other phenomena in the Balkans and the Caucasus. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Google Scholar
Fuller, J. 2001. The principle of pragmatic detachability in borrowing: English-origin discourse markers in Pennsylvania German. Linguistics 29, 351–369.Google Scholar
Gal, S. 1979. Language shift: Social determination of linguistic change in bilingual Austria. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Garafanga, J. and Torras, M.-C. 2002. Interactional otherness: Towards a redefinition of codeswitching. International Journal of Bilingualism 6, First person–22.Google Scholar
Garcia, O. and Fishman, J. A. 2002. The multilingual apple. Languages in New York City. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gardani, F. In press. Borrowing of inflectional morphemes in language contact. Frankfurt: Peter Lang.CrossRef
Gardner-Chloros, P., Charles, R., and Cheshire, J. 2000. Parallel patterns? A comparison of monolingual speech and bilingual codeswitching discourse. Journal of Pragmatics 32, 1305–1341.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gardner-Chloros, P. 1991. Language selection and switching in Strasbourg. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Gilbers, D., Nerbonne, J., and Schaeken, J. eds. 2000. Languages in contact. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
Givón, T. 1979. From discourse to syntax: Grammar as a processing strategy. In: Givón, T. ed. Discourse and syntax. New York: Academic Press. 81–111.Google Scholar
Givón, T. 1982. Tense-aspect modality: The Creole proto-type and beyond. In: Hopper, P. J. ed. Tense-aspect: between semantics and pragmatics. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 115–163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Givón, T. 1984. Syntax: A functional-typological introduction. Vol. I. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Givón, T. 1990. Syntax: A functional-typological introduction. Vol. II. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Goddard, I. 1997. Pidgin Delaware. In: Thomason, S. G. ed. 43–98.CrossRef
Goglia, F. 2006. Communicative strategies in the Italian of Igbo-Nigerian immigrants in Padova (Italy): a contact linguistic approach. PhD dissertation, University of Manchester.
Gołąb, Z. 1956. The concept of isogrammatism. Buletin Polskiego Towarzystwa Jezykoznawczego 15, First person–12.Google Scholar
Gołąb, Z. 1959. Some Arumanian-Macedonian isogrammatisms and the social background of their development. Word 15, 415–435.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goldberg, A. E. 1995. Constructions: A construction grammar approach to argument structure. Chicago: Chicago University Press.Google Scholar
Gollan, T. H. and Silverberg, N. B. 2001. Tip-of-the-tongue states in Hebrew-English bilinguals. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 4, 63–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Golovko, E. V., and Vakhtin, N. 1990. Aleut in contact: the CIA Enigma. Acta Linguistica Hafniensia 22, 97–125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Golovko, E. V. 1994. Copper Island Aleut. In: Bakker, P. and Mous, M. eds. 113–121.
Golovko, E. V. 1996. A case of nongenetic development in the Arctic area: The contribution of Aleut and Russian to the formation of Copper Island Aleut. In: Jahr, E. H. and Broch, I. eds. 63–77.CrossRef
Golovko, E. V. 2003. Language contact and group identity: The role of ‘folk’ linguistic engineering. In: Matras, Y. and Bakker, P. eds. 177–207.
Goodman, M. 1987. The Portuguese element in the American creoles. In: Gilbert, G. G. ed. Pidgin and creole languages. Essays in memory of John E. Reinecke. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. 361–405.Google Scholar
Goral, M., Levy, E. S., and Obler, L. K. 2002. Neurolinguistic aspects of bilingualism. International Journal of Bilingualism 6, 411–440.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gordon, P. 2004. Numerical cognition without words: Evidence from Amazonia. Science 306, 496–499.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Green, D. and Price, C. 2001. Functional imaging in the study of recovery patterns in bilingual aphasia. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 4, 191–201.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, D. 1998. Mental control of the bilingual lexico-semantic system. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition First person, 67–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greenberg, J. H. 1959. Africa as a linguistic area. In: Bascom, W. and Hertovits, W. eds. Continuity and change in African languages. Chicago: Chicago University Press. 15–27.Google Scholar
Greenberg, J. H. 1999. Are there mixed languages? In: Fleischman, L. S.et al. eds. Essays in poetics, literary history and linguistics presented to Viacheslav Vsevolodovich Ivanov on the occasion of his seventieth birthday. Moscow: OGI. 626–633.Google Scholar
Greenberg, J. H. ed. 1966. Universals of language. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Grenoble, L. 2000. Morphosyntactic change: The impact of Russian on Evenki. In: Gilbers, D. G., Nerbonne, J., and Schaeken, J. eds. 105–120.
Grosjean, F. 1982. Life with two languages: An introduction to bilingualism. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Grosjean, F. 1989. Neurolinguists beware! The bilingual is not two monolinguals in one person. Brain and Language 36, Third person–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grosjean, F. 1998. Studying bilinguals: Methodological and conceptual issues. Bilingualism: Language and cognition First person, 131–149.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grosjean, F. 2001. The bilingual's language modes. In: Nicol, J. L. ed. One mind, two languages. Bilingual language processing. Oxford: Blackwell. First person–22.Google Scholar
Grosjean, F. 2004. Studying bilinguals: Methodological and conceptual issues. In: Bhatia, T. J. and Ritchie, W. C. eds. 32–63.
Güldemann, T. 2006. Structural isoglosses between Khoekhoe and Tuu: The Cape as a linguistic area. In: Matras, Y., McMahon, A., and Vincent, N. eds. 99–134.
Gumperz, J. 1982. Discourse strategies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gut, Ulrike. 2000. Bilingual acquisition of intonation. A study of children speaking German and English. Tübingen: Niemeyer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haase, M. 1991. Sprachkontakt und Sprachwandel im Baskenland. Die Einflüsse des Gaskognischen und Französischen auf das Baskische. Hamburg: Buske.Google Scholar
Hackert, S. 2004. Urban Bahamian Creole. System and variation. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haig, G. 2001. Linguistic diffusion in present-day East Anatolia: From top to bottom. In: Aikhenvald, A. Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. eds. 195–224.
Hajek, J. 2006. Language contact and convergence in East Timor. In: Aikhenvald, A. Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. eds. 161–178.
Hall, R. A. 1962. The life cycle of pidgin languages. Lingua 11, 151–156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hall, R. A. 1966. Pidgin and creole languages. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Halwachs, D. W. 2005. Roma and Romani in Austria. Romani Studies 5/15, 145–173.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hamers, J. and Blanc, M. 2000 (second edition). Bilinguality and bilingualism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hancock, I. F. 1986. The domestic hypothesis, diffusion and componentiality: An account of Anglophone creole origins. In: Muysken, P. and Smith, N. ed. Substrata versus univerals in creole genesis. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 71–102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, A. and Campbell, L. 1995. Historical syntax in cross-linguistic perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haspelmath, M. 1997. Indefinite pronouns. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Haspelmath, M. 1998. Does grammaticalization need reanalysis?Studies in Language 22, 315–351.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haspelmath, M. 1999. Why is grammaticalization irreversible?Linguistics 37, 1043–1068.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haspelmath, M., Dryer, M., Gil, D., and Comrie, B. eds. 2005. The world atlas of language structures. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Haugen, E. 1950. The analysis of linguistic borrowing. Language 26, 210–231.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haugen, E. 1953 [1969]. The Norwegian language in the Americas: A study in bilingual behavior. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayward, R. and Orwin, M. 1991. The prefix conjugation in Qafar-Saho: The survival and revival of a paradigm – Part 1. African Languages and Cultures 4, 157–176.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heath, J. 1978. Linguistic diffusion in Arnhem Land. Canberra: Australian Institute for Aboriginal Studies.Google Scholar
Heath, J. 1984. Language contact and language change. Annual Review of Anthropology 13, 367–384.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
,Heidelberg Project (Heidelberger Forschungsproject ‘Pidgin-Deutsch’). 1975. Sprache und Kommunikation ausländischer Arbeiter. Kronberg: Scriptor.Google Scholar
Heine, B. and Kuteva, T. 2003. On contact-induced grammaticalization. Studies in Language 27, 529–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heine, B. and Kuteva, T. 2005. Language contact and grammatical change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heine, B. and Kuteva, T. 2006. The changing languages of Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heine, B. and Miyashita, H. 2008. Accounting for a functional category: German drohen ‘to threaten’. Language Sciences 30, 53–101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heine, B. 1969. Zur Frage der Sprachmischung in Afrika. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, Supplementa I/3, 1104–1112.Google Scholar
Heine, B. 2005a. On contact-induced syntactic change. Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung 58, 60–74.Google Scholar
Heine, B. 2005b. On reflexive forms in creoles. Lingua 115, 201–257.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heine, B., Claudi, U., and Hünnemeyer, F. 1991. Grammaticalization: A conceptual framework. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Hekking, E. and Bakker, D. 2007. The case of Otomi: A contribution to grammatical borrowing in cross-linguistic perspective. In: Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. eds. 435–464.
Herkenrath, A., Karakoç, B., and Rehbein, J. 2002. Interrogative elements as subordinators in Turkish – aspects of Turkish-German bilingual children's language use. Working Papers in Multilingualism 44. Hamburg: Sonderforschungsbereich Mehrsprachigkeit.Google Scholar
Hermans, D., Bongearts, T., Bot, K., and Scheruder, R. 1998. Producing words in a foreign language: Can speakers prevent interference from their first language?Bilingualism: Language and Cognition First person, 213–229.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hickey, R. 2006. Contact, shift and language change. Irish English and South African Indian English. In: Tristram, H. L. C. ed. Celtic Englishes IV. Potsdam: University Press. 234–258.Google Scholar
Hinrichs, U. 1999. Die sogenannten ‘Balkanismen’ als Problem der Südosteuropa-Linguistik und der Allgemeinen Sprachwissenschaft. In: Hinrichs, U. ed. Handbuch der Südosteuropa-Linguistik. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. 429–462.Google Scholar
Hlavac, J. 2006. Bilingual discourse markers: Evidence from Croatian-English code-switching. Journal of Pragmatics 38, 1870–1900.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ho-Dac, Tuc. 2002. Vietnamese-English bilingualism. Patterns of code-switching. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Hoffmann, C. 1991. An introduction to bilingualism. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Höhlig, M. 1997. Kontaktbedingter Sprachwandel in der adygeischen Umgangssprache im Kaukasus und in der Türkei. Munich: Lincom Europa.Google Scholar
Holm, J.1988–89. Pidgins and creoles. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Holm, J. 2000. An introduction to pidgins and creoles. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holzinger, D. 1993. Das Rómanes: Grammatik und Diskursanalyse der Sprache der Sinte. (= Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Kulturwissenschaft, 85.) Innsbruck: Verlag des Instituts für Sprachwissenschaft der Universität Innsbruck.Google Scholar
Hopper, P. J. and Traugott, E. C. 1993. Grammaticalization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Houtzagers, P. 2000. Effects of language contact as a source of (non)information: The historical reconstruction of Burgenland Kajkavian. In: Gilbers, D. G., Nerbonne, J., and Schaeken, J. eds. 157–164.
Huttar, G. 2002. Borrowing of verbs versus nouns. [Discussion summary.] Linguist List 13.588 (www.linguistlist.org/issues/13/13-588.html).
Huttar, G. L. and Velantie, F. J. 1997. Ndyuka-Trio Pidgin. In: Thomason, S. G. ed. 99–124.CrossRef
Hyltenstam, K. and Abrahamsson, N. 2003. Maturational constraints in SLA. In: Doughty, C. J. and Long, M. H. eds. The handbook of second language acquisition. Oxford: Blackwell. 539–588.Google Scholar
Hymes, D. 1974. Foundations in sociolinguistics: An ethnographic approach. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
Hymes, D. ed. 1971. Pidginization and creolization of languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Igla, B. 1996. Das Romani von Ajia Varvara. Deskriptive und historisch-vergleichende Darstellung eines Zigeunerdialekts. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Google Scholar
Ijabla, E., Obler, L. K., and Changappa, S. 2004. Bilingual aphasia. In: Bhatia, T. J. and Ritchie, W. C. eds. 71–89.
Iwasaki, S. and Horie, P. I. 2000. Creating speech register in Thai conversation. Language in Society 29, 519–554.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jahr, E. H. and Broch, I. eds. 1996. Language contact in the arctic. Berlin: Mouton.CrossRef
Jahr, E. H. 1996. On the pidgin status of Russenorsk. In: Jahr, E. H. and Broch, I. eds. 107–122.CrossRef
Jake, J. L. and Myers-Scotton, C. 1997. Relating interlanguage to code-switching: the composite matrix language. Proceedings of Boston University Conference on Language Development 21, 319–330.Google Scholar
Jake, J. L. 1998. Constructing interlanguage: building a composite matrix language. Linguistics 36, 333–382.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jendraschek, G. 2006. Basque in contact with Romance languages. In: Aikhenvald, A. Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. eds. 143–162.
Jensen, A. and Canger, U. 2007. Grammatical borrowing in Nahuatl. In: Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. eds. 403–418.
Johanson, L. 2002. Structural factors in Turkic language contacts. Richmond: Curzon.Google Scholar
Johnson, C. E. and Wilson, I. L. 2002. Phonetic evidence for early language differentiation: Research issues and some preliminary data. International Journal of Bilingualism 6, 271–289.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Joseph, B. 1983. The synchrony and diachrony of the Balkan infinitive. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kainz, F. 1960. Speech pathology I: Aphasic speech. In: Paradis, M.Readings on aphasia in bilinguals and polyglots. Montreal: Didier.Google Scholar
Kaplan, R. B. and Baldauf, R. B. 1997. Language planning from practice to theory. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.Google Scholar
Kapp, D. B. 2004. Basic colour terms in South Dravidian tribal languages. Indo-Iranian Journal 47, 193–201.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keesing, R. M. 1988. Melanesian Pidgin and the Oceanic substrate. Stanford: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Keesing, R. M. 1991. Substrates, calquing and grammaticalization in Melanesian Pidgin. In: Traugott, E. C. and Heine, B. eds. 1991. Approaches to grammaticalization – Vol. 1: Focus on theoretical and methodological issues. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 315–342.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Khan, G. 2004. The Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialect of Sulemaniyya and Ḥalabja. Leiden: Brill.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Khasanova, M. 2000. The lower Amur languages in contact with Russian. In: Gilbers, D. G., Nerbonne, J., and Schaeken, J. eds. 179–185.
Klein, W. and Dittmar, N. 1979. Developing grammars. The acquisition of German syntax by foreign workers. Berlin/Heidelberg/New York: Springer.Google Scholar
Klein, W. 1986. Second language acquisition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klepsch, A. 1996. Das Lachoudische: Eine jiddische Sondersprache in Franken. In: Siewert, K. ed. 81–93.
Kluge, F. 1901. Rotwelsch. Quellen und Wortschatz der Gaunersprache. Strassburg: Trübner.Google Scholar
König, E. 1991. The meaning of focus particles. A comparative perspective. London: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koch, H. (with Sutton, P.) 2008. Australian languages: A singular vision. (Review article on R. M. W. Dixon's Australian languages: their nature and development. Cambridge University Press, 2002.)Journal of Linguistics 44, 471–504.Google Scholar
Köppe, R. 1996. Language differentiation in bilingual children: the development of grammatical and pragmatic competence. Linguistics 34, 927–954.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koptjevskaja-Tamm, M. 2000. Romani genitives in cross-linguistic perspective. In: Elšík, V. and Matras, Y. eds. Grammatical relations in Romani: The noun phrase. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 123–149.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koptjevskaja-Tamm, M. 2006. The circle that won't come full: Two potential isoglosses in the Circum-Baltic area. In: Matras, Y., McMahon, A., and Vincent, N. eds. 182–226.
Kossmann, M. 2007. Grammatical borrowing in Tasawaq. In: Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. eds. 75–89.
Kouwenberg, S. and LaCharité, D. 2004. Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 19, 285–331.
Kouwenberg, S. and Muysken, P. 1995. Papiamento. In: Arends, J., Muysken, P., and Smith, N. eds. 205–218.
Kouwenberg, S. 1994. A grammar of Berbice Dutch Creole. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krier, F. 1980. Lehnwort und Fremdwort im Maltesischen. Folia Linguistics 14, 179–184.Google Scholar
Kroll, J. F. and Dussias, P. E. 2004. The comprehension of words and sentences in two languages. In: Bhatia, T. J. and Ritchie, W. C. eds. 169–200.
Kroll, J. F. and Stewart, E. 1994. Category interference in translation and picture naming: evidence and asymmetric connection between bilingual memory representations. Journal of Memory and Language 33, 149–174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kroll, J. F. and Sunderman, G. 2003. Cognitive processes in second language learners and bilinguals: The development of lexical and conceptual representations. In: Doughty, C. J. and Long, M. H. eds. The handbook of second language acquisition. Oxford: Blackwell. 104–129.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kroll, J. F., Bobb, S. C., and Wodniecka, Z. 2006. Language selectivity is the exception, not the rule: Arguments against a fixed locus of language selection in bilingual speech. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 9, 119–135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Labov, W. 1972a. Language in the inner city. Studies in Black English Vernacular. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
Labov, W. 1972b. Sociolinguistic patterns. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
Labov, W. 1994. Principles of linguistic change. Volume I: Internal factors. Oxford: Basil BlackwellGoogle Scholar
Ladstätter, O. and Tietze, A. 1994. Die Abdal (Äynu) in Xinjiang. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften.Google Scholar
Lambert, W., Havelka, E., and Crosby, C. 1958. The influence of language acquisition contexts on bilingualism. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 56, 77–82.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lanvers, U. 2001. Language alternation in infant bilinguals: A developmental to codeswitching. International Journal of Bilingualism 5, 437–464.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lanza, E. 1997. Language mixing in infant bilingualism. A sociolinguistic perspective. Oxford: Clarendon.Google Scholar
Larsen-Freeman, D. and Long, M. H. 1991. An introduction to second language acquisition research. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Lefebvre, C. 1993. The role of relexification and syntactic reanalysis in Haitian Creole: methodological aspects of a research program. In: Mufwene, S. ed. Africanisms in Afro-American language varieties. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press. 254–279.Google Scholar
Lefebvre, C. 1998. Creole genesis and the acquisition of grammar: the case of Haitian Creole. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Lefebvre, C. 2004. Coordinating constructions in Fongbe with reference to Haitian Creole. In: Haspelmath, M. ed. Coordinating constructions. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 123–164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leopold, W. F. 1949. Speech development of a bilingual child: Volume 3. New York: AMS Press.Google Scholar
Levelt, W., Roelofs, A., and Meyer, A. S. 1999. A theory of lexical access in speech production. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22, First person–75.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Levin, S. 1995. Semitic and Indo-European: the principal etymologies. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wei, Li and Milroy, L. 1995. Conversational codeswitching in a Chinese community in Britain: a sequential analysis. Journal of Pragmatics 23, 281–299.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wei, Li. 1998. The ‘why’ and ‘how’ questions in the analysis of conversational code-switching. In: Auer, P. ed. 156–179.
Wei, Li. 2002. ‘What do you want me to say?’ On the conversation analysis approach to bilingual interaction. Language in Society 31, 159–180.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wei, Li. 2005. How can you tell? Towards a commonsense explanation of conversational code-switching. Journal of Pragmatics 37, 375–389.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindholm, J. J. and Padilla, A. M. 1978. Language mixing in bilingual children. Journal of Child Language 5, 327–335.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lipski, J. M. 1992. New thoughts on the origins of Zamboangueño (Philippine Creole Spanish). Language Sciences 14, 197–231.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lo, Y. S. 2007. Cantonese-English code-switching in the Manchester Chinese immigrant community. Unpublished PhD dissertation, University of Manchester.
Long, M. H. 2003. Stabilization and fossilization in interlangauge development. In: Doughty, C. J. and Long, Michael H. eds. The handbook of second language acquisition. Oxford: Blackwell. 487–535.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lötzsch, R. 1996. Interferenzbedingte grammatische Konvergenzen und Divergenzen zwischen Sorbisch und Jiddisch. Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung 49, 50–59.Google Scholar
Loveday, L. 1996. Language contact in Japan. A socio-linguistic history. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Macalister, R. A. S. 1914. The language of the Nawar of Zutt, the nomad smiths of Palestine. (Gypsy Lore Society Monographs 3.) London: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Macswan, J. 2000. The architecture of the bilingual language faculty: evidence from intrasentential code switching. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Third person, 37–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maschler, Y. 1994. Metalanguaging and discourse markers in bilingual conversation. Language in Society 23, 325–366.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maschler, Y. 1997. Emergent bilingual grammar: The case of contrast. Journal of Pragmatics 28, 279–313.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maschler, Y. 1998. On the transition from codeswitching to a mixed code. In: Auer, P. ed. 125–149.
Maschler, Y. 2000. Towards fused lects: discourse markers in Hebrew-English bilingual conversation twelve years later. International Journal of Bilingualism 4, 529–561.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Masica, C. 1976. Defining a Linguistic Area: South Asia. Chicago: Chicago University Press.Google Scholar
Masica, C. 1991. The Indo-Aryan languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Masica, C. 2001. The definition and significance of linguistic areas: methods, pitfalls, and possibilities (with special reference to the validity of South Asia as a linguistic area). In: Singh, R., Bhaskararao, P., and Subbarao, K. V. eds. The yearbook of South Asian languages and linguistics 2001. Tokyo symposium on South Asian languages: Contact, convergence and typology. New Delhi: Sage. 205–267.Google Scholar
Masliyah, S. 1996. Four Turkish suffixes in Iraqi Arabic: -li, -lik, -siz and −çi. Journal of Semitic Studies 41, 291–300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matisoff, J. A. 2001. Genetic versus contact relationship: Prosodic diffusibility in south-East Asian languages. In: Aikhenvald, A. Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. eds. 291–327.
Matras, Y. and Bakker, P. 2003. The study of mixed languages. In: Matras, Y. and Bakker, P. eds. 1–20.CrossRef
Matras, Y. and Bakker, P. eds. 2003. The mixed language debate. Theoretical and empirical advances. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.CrossRef
Matras, Y. and Bührig, K. eds. 1999. Sprachtheorie und sprachliches Handeln. Festschrift für Jochen Rehbein. Tübingen: Stauffenburg.
Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. 2007a. Investigating the mechanisms of pattern-replication in language convergence. Studies in Language 31, 829–865.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. 2007b. Introduction. In: Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. eds. 1–13.
Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. eds. 2007. Grammatical borrowing in cross-linguistic perspective. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.CrossRef
Matras, Y. and Sasse, H.-J. eds. 1995. Verb-subject order and theticity in European languages. (Special issue of Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung 48, 1–2.) Berlin: Akademie.
Matras, Y. and Schiff, L. 2005. Spoken Israeli Hebrew revisited: Structures and variation. In: Studia Semitica. Journal of Semitic Studies Jubilee Volume. (Journal of Semitic Studies Supplement 16), 145–193.Google Scholar
Matras, Y. and Shabibi, M. 2007. Grammatical borrowing in Khuzistani Arabic. In: Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. eds. 137–149.CrossRef
Matras, Y. and Tufan, Ş. 2007. Grammatical borrowing in Macedonian Turkish. In: Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. eds. 215–227.CrossRef
Matras, Y. 1988. Lekoudesch: Integration jiddischer Wörter in die Mundart von Rexingen bei Horb. Mit vergleichbarem Material aus Buttenhausen bei Münsingen. [Arbeiten zur Mehrsprachigkeit 33/1988.] Hamburg: Germanisches Seminar.Google Scholar
Matras, Y. 1991. Zur Rekonstruktion des jüdisch-deutschen Wortschatzes in den Mundarten ehemaliger “Judendörfer” in Südwestdeutschland. Zeitschrift für Dialektologie und Linguistik 58, 267–293.Google Scholar
Matras, Y. 1994. Untersuchungen zu Grammatik und Diskurs des Romanes – Dialekt der Kelderaša/Lovara. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Google Scholar
Matras, Y. 1996a. Sondersprachliche Hebraismen. Am Beispiel der südwestdeutschen Viehhändlersprache. In: Siewert, K. ed. 43–58.
Matras, Y. 1996b. Prozedurale Fusion: Grammatische Interferenzschichten im Romanes. Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung 49, 60–78.Google Scholar
Matras, Y. 1998a. Utterance modifiers and universals of grammatical borrowing. Linguistics 36, 281–331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matras, Y. 1998b. Convergent development, grammaticalization, and the problem of ‘mutual isomorphism’. In: Boeder, W., Schroeder, Ch., and Wagner, K.-H. eds. Sprache in Raum und Zeit. Tübingen: Narr. 89–103.Google Scholar
Matras, Y. 1998c. Para-Romani revisited. In: Matras, Y. ed. 1–27.
Matras, Y. 1998d. Convergence vs. fusion in linguistic areas. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft, Halle, 5–7 March 1998.
Matras, Y. 1998e. The Romani element in Jenisch and Rotwelsch. In: Matras, Y. ed. 193–230.
Matras, Y. 1999a. The state of present-day Domari in Jerusalem. Mediterranean Language Review 11, First person–58.Google Scholar
Matras, Y. 1999b. The speech of the Polska Roma: Some highlighted features and their implications for Romani dialectology. Journal of the Gypsy Lore Society 5/9, First person–28.Google Scholar
Matras, Y. 2000a. Mixed Languages: A functional-communicative approach. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Third person, 79–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matras, Y. 2000b. Fusion and the cognitive basis for bilingual discourse markers. International Journal of Bilingualism 4, 505–528.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matras, Y. 2000c. How predictable is contact-induced change in grammar? In: Renfrew, C., McMahon, A., and Trask, R. L. eds. 563–583.
Matras, Y. 2002. Romani: A linguistic introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matras, Y. 2003. Mixed languages: re-examining the structural prototype. In: Matras, Y. and Bakker, P. eds. 151–175.
Matras, Y. 2004a. Layers of convergent syntax in Macedonian Turkish. Mediterranean Language Review 15, 63–86.Google Scholar
Matras, Y. 2004b. Romacilikanes: The Romani dialect of Parakalamos. Romani Studies 5/14, 59–109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matras, Y. 2005a. The full extent of fusion: A test case for connectivity and language contact. In: Bisang, W., Bierschenk, T., Kreikenbom, D., and Verhoeven, U. eds. Kulturelle und sprachliche Kontakte: Prozesse des Wandels in historischen Spannungsfeldern Nordostafrikas/Westasiens. Akten zum 2. Symposium des SFB 295. Würzburg: Ergon Verlag. 241–255.Google Scholar
Matras, Y. 2005b. Language contact, language endangerment, and the role of the ‘salvation linguist’. In: Austin, P. K. ed. Language documentation and description, Volume Third person. London: Hans Rausing Endangered Languages Project. 225–251.Google Scholar
Matras, Y. 2007a. Contact, connectivity and language evolution. In: Rehbein, J., Hohenstein, C., and Pietsch, L. eds. Connectivity in grammar and discourse. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 51–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matras, Y. 2007b. The borrowability of grammatical categories. In: Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. eds. 31–74.
Matras, Y. 2007c. Grammatical borrowing in Domari. In: Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. eds. 151–164.
Matras, Y. ed. 1998. The Romani element in non-standard speech. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Matras, Y., Gardner, H., Jones, C., and Schulman, V. 2007. Angloromani: A different kind of language?Anthropological Linguistics 49, 142–164.Google Scholar
Matras, Y., McMahon, A., and Vincent, N. eds. 2006. Linguistic areas. Convergence in historical and typological perspective. Houndmills: Palgrave.
Maurais, J. 2003. Towards a new global linguistic order? In: Maurais, J. and Morris, M. A. eds. Languages in a globalising world. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 13–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McConvell, P. and Meakins, F. 2005. Gurindji Kriol: A mixed language emerges from code-switching. Australian Journal of Linguistics 25, 9–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McConvell, P. 2002. Mix-im-up speech and emergent mixed languages in indigenous Australia. Texas Linguistic Forum 44, 328–349.Google Scholar
McMahon, A. 2005. Heads I win, tails you lose. In: Carr, P., Durand, J., and Eden, C. eds. Headhood. elements, specification and contrastivity. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 255–275.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McWhorter, J. H. 1997. Towards a new model of creole genesis. New York: Peter Lang.Google Scholar
McWhorter, J. H. 1998. Identifying the creole prototype: vindicating a typological class. Language 74, 788–818.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McWhorter, J. H. 2000. The missing Spanish creoles. Recovering the birth of plantation contact languages. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
McWhorter, J. H. 2005. Defining creole. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Meeuwis, M. and Blommaert, J. 1998. A monolectal view of code-switching: Layered code-switching among Zairians in Belgium. In: Auer, P. ed. 76–98.
Meisel, J. M. 1975. Ausländerdeutsch und Deutsch ausländischer Arbeiter. Zur möglichen Entstehung eines Pidgin in der BRD. Zeitschrift für Literaturwissenschaft und Linguistik 18, 9–53.Google Scholar
Meisel, J. M. 1989. Early differentiation of languages in bilingual children. In: Hyltenstam, K. and Obler, L. eds. Bilingualism across the lifespan: Aspects of acquisition, maturity and loss. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 13–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meisel, J. M. 2001. The simultaneous acquisition of two first languages: Early differentiation and subsequent development of grammars. In: Cenoz, J. and Genesee, F. eds. Trends in bilingual acquisition. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 11–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meisinger, O. 1902. Lotekhôlisch. Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der fränkischen Händlersprache. Zeitschrift für hochdeutsche Mundarten Third person, 121–127.Google Scholar
Migge, B. and Smith, N. 2007. Substrate influence in creole formation. Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 22, First person–15.Google Scholar
Migge, B. and Winford, D. 2007. Substrate influence on the emergence of the TMA systems of the Surinamese creoles. Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 22, 73–99.Google Scholar
Migge, B. 2003. Creole formation as language contact. The case of the Suriname Creoles. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Milroy, L. and Muysken, P. eds. 1995. One speaker, two languages. Cross-disciplinary perspectives on code-switching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef
Minett, J. W. and Wang, S.-Y. 2003. On detecting borrowing. Distance-based and character-based approaches. Diachronica 20, 289–330.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mithun, M. 2004. Typology and diachrony: How stable is the grammar of argument structure? Keynote paper presented at annual meeting of the LAGB, Roehampton, September 2004.
Moormann, J. 1920. ‘Louter Lekoris’. Een levende geheimtaal. Tijdschrift voor taal en letteren 8, 235–239, 306–333.Google Scholar
Moormann, J. 1922. Losche Nekôdesch. Een Limburgsche geheimtaal. Tijdschrift voor taal en letteren 10, 26–43, 68–87.Google Scholar
Morag, Sh. 1993. The emergence of Modern Hebrew: Some sociolinguistic perspectives. In: Glinert, L. ed. Hebrew in Ashkenaz; A language in exile. New York/Oxford: Oxford University Press. 208–221.
Moravcsik, E. 1975. Verb borrowing. Wiener Linguistische Gazette 8, Third person–30.Google Scholar
Moravcsik, E. 1978. Universals of language contact. In: Greenberg, J. H. ed. Universals of human language. Stanford: Stanford University Press. 94–122.Google Scholar
Mous, M. 2003a. The making of a mixed language. The case of Ma'a/Mbugu. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mous, M. 2003b. The linguistic properties of lexical manipulation and its relevance for Ma'á. In: Matras, Y. and Bakker, P. eds. 209–235.
Mufwene, S. S. 1996. The founder principle in creole genesis. Diachronica 13, 83–134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mufwene, S. S. 1997a. Jargons, pidgins, creoles, and koines: what are they? In: Spears, A. K. and Winford, D. eds. The structure and status of pidgins and creoles. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 35–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mufwene, S. S. 1997b. Kitúba. In: Thomason, S. G. ed. 173–208.
Mufwene, S. S. 2001. The ecology of language evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mühlhäusler, P. 1977. Bemerkungen zum “Pidgin Deutsch” von Neuguinea. In: Molony, C.et al. eds. German in contact with other languages. Kronberg: Scriptor. 58–70.Google Scholar
Mühlhäusler, P. 1986. Pidgin and creole linguistics. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Mühlhäusler, P. 2001. Die deutsche Sprache im Pazifik. In: Hiery, H. J. ed. Die deutsche Südsee 1884 – 1914: ein Handbuch. Paderborn: Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh. 239–260.Google Scholar
Müller, N. 1998. Transfer in bilingual first language acquisition. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition First person, 151–171.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muysken, P. and Smith, N. 1995. The study of pidgin and creole languages. In: Arends, J., Muysken, P., and Smith, N. eds. 3–14.
Muysken, P. and Veenstra, T. 1995. Serial verbs. In: Arends, J., Muysken, P., and Smith, N. eds. 289–315.
Muysken, P. 1981. Halfway between Quechua and Spanish: the case for relexification. In: Highfield, A. and Valdman, A. eds. Historicity and variation in Creole studies. Ann Arbor: Karoma. 52–78.Google Scholar
Muysken, P. 1997. Media Lengua. In: Thomason, S. G. ed. 365–426.CrossRef
Muysken, P. 2000a. Bilingual speech. A typology of code-mixing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Muysken, P. 2000b. From linguistic areas to areal linguistics: A research proposal. In: Gilbers, D.G., Nerbonne, J., and Schaeken, J. eds. 263–275.
Myers-Scotton, C. and Bolonyai, A. 2001. Calculating speakers: Codeswitching in a rational choice model. Language in Society 30, First person–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myers-Scotton, C. and Jake, J. 2000. Four types of morpheme: Evidence from aphasia, codeswitching, and second language acquisition. Linguistics 38, 1053–1100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myers-Scotton, C. 1992. Codeswitching as a mechanism of deep borrowing, language shift, and language death. In: Brenzinger, M. ed. Language death. Factual and theoretical explorations with special reference to East Africa. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 31–58.Google Scholar
Myers-Scotton, C. 1993a. Social motivations for codeswitching. Evidence from Africa. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Myers-Scotton, C. 1993b. Duelling languages. Grammatical structure in codeswitching. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Myers-Scotton, C. 1998. A way to dusty death: the Matrix Language turnover hypothesis. In: Grenoble, L. A. and Whaley, L. J. eds. Endangered languages: language loss and community response. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 289–316.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myers-Scotton, C. 2002a. Frequency and intentionality in (un)marked choices in codeswitching: ‘This is a 24-hour country’. International Journal of Bilingualism 6, 205–219.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myers-Scotton, C. 2002b. Contact Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myers-Scotton, C. 2003. What lies beneath: Split (mixed) languages as contact phenomena. In: Matras, Y. and Bakker, P. eds. 73–106.
Myers-Scotton, C. 2006. Multiple voices: an introduction to bilingualism. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.Google Scholar
Nahir, M. 1998. Micro language planning and the revival of Hebrew: A schematic framework. Language in Society 27, 335–357.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nau, Nicole. 1995. Möglichkeiten und Mechanismen kontaktbewegten Sprachwandels – unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Finnischen. Munich: Lincom.Google Scholar
Nelde, P. H. 1993. Contact or conflict? Observations on the dynamics and vitality of European languages. In: Jahr, E. H. ed. Language conflict and language planning. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 165–177.Google Scholar
Nettle, D. and Romaine, S. 2000. Vanishing voices. The extinction of the world's languages. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Nichols, J. and Peterson, D. A. 1996. The Amerind personal pronouns. Language 72, 336–371.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nichols, J. and Peterson, D. A. 1998. Amerind personal pronouns: A reply to Campbell. Language 74, 605–614.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nichols, J. 1992. Linguistic diversity in space and time. Chicago: Chicago University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nicoladis, E. 1998. First clues to the existence of two input languages: Pragmatic and lexical differentiation in a bilingual child. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition First person, 105–116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nortier, J. 1990. Dutch/Moroccan Arabic code-switching among young Moroccans in the Netherlands. Dordrecht: Foris.Google Scholar
Nortier, J. 1995. Code-switching in Moroccan Arabic/Dutch versus Moroccan Arabic/French language contact. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 112, 81–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Grady, G. N. and Hale, K. 2004. The coherence and distinctiveness of the Pama-Nyungan language family within the Australian linguistic phylum. In: Bowern, C. and Koch, H. eds. Australian languages: Classification and the comparative method. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 69–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Neil, S. 2006. Mythic and poetic dimensions of speech in Northwestern California: From cultural vocabulary to linguistic relativity. Anthropological Linguistics 48, 305–334.Google Scholar
O'Shannessy, C. 2005. Light Walpiri: A new language. Australian Journal of Linguistics 25, 31–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ogura, M. and Wang, S.-Y. 1996. Evolution theory and lexical diffusion. In: Fisiak, J. and Krygier, M. eds. Advances in English historical linguistics. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 293–314.Google Scholar
Olshtain, E. and Blum-Kulka, S. 1989. Happy Hebrish: Mixing and switching in American-Israeli family interactions. In: Gass, S., Madden, C., Preston, D., and Selinker, L. eds. Variation in second language acquisition. Volume I: Discourse and pragmatics. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. 59–83.Google Scholar
Osman, M. F. 2006. Language choice among Arabic-English bilinguals in Manchester. Unpublished MA dissertation, University of Manchester.
Owens, J. 1997. Arabic-based pidgins and creoles. In: Thomason, S. G. ed. 125–172.
Paradis, J. 2001. Do bilingual two-year-olds have separate phonological systems?International Journal of Bilingualism 5, 19–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paradis, M. 1990. Language lateralisation in bilinguals. Enough already!Brain and Language 39, 576–586.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paradis, M. 2004. A neurolinguistic theory of bilingualism. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paradis, M. ed. 1995. Aspects of bilingual aphasia. Oxford: Pergamon.
Pasch, H. 1997. Sango. In: Thomason, S. G. ed. 209–270.CrossRef
Patrick, P. L. 1999. Urban Jamaican Creole. Variation in the mesolect. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Payne, J. R. 1995. Inflecting postpositions in Indic and Kashmiri. In: Plank, F. ed. Double case. Agreement by Suffixaufnahme. New York: Oxford University Press. 283–298.Google Scholar
Pearson, B. Z., Fernández, Sl. C., and Oller, D. K. 1993. Lexical development in bilingual infants and toddlers: Comparison to monolingual norms. Language Learning 43, 93–120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pfaff, C. 1979. Constraints on language mixing: intrasentential code-switching and borrowing in Spanish/English. Language 55, 291–318.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pienemann, M. 1998. Language processing and second language development. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pitrès, A. 1895. Etude sur l'aphasie chez les polyglottes. Revue de Medecine 15, 873–899.Google Scholar
Plag, I. 2002. On the role of grammaticalization in creolization. A reassessment. In: Gilbert, G. G. ed. Pidgin and creole linguistics in the 21st century. Essays at millennium's end. New York: Lang. 229–246.Google Scholar
Poplack, S. 1980. Sometimes I'll start a sentence in Spanish y termino en español. Linguistics 18, 581–618.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poplack, S. 1981. Syntactic structure and social function of code-switching. In: Duran, R. ed. Latino language and communicative behavior. Norwood: Ablex. 169–184.Google Scholar
Poplack, S., Sankoff, D., and Miller, C. 1988. The social correlates and linguistic processes of lexical borrowing and assimilation. Linguistics 26, 47–104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poulisse, N. 1999. Slips of the tongue. Speech errors in first and second language production. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Queen, R. M. 2001. Bilingual intonation patterns: Evidence of language change from Turkish-German bilingual children. Language in Society 30, 55–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ramat, P. and Roma, E. eds. 2007. Europe and the Mediterranean as linguistic areas. Convergencies from a historical and typological perspective. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.CrossRef
Ramat, P. and Stolz, T. eds. 2002. Mediterranean languages. Papers from the MEDTYP workshop, Tirrenia, June 2000. Bochum: Brockmeyer.
Rebuck, M. 2002. The function of English loanwords in Japanese. NUCB Journal of Language, Culture and Communication 4, 53–64.Google Scholar
Redlinger, W. and Park, T.-Z. 1980. Language mixing in young bilingual children. Journal of Child Language 7, 337–352.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reershemius, G. 2002. Bilingualismus oder Sprachverlust? Zur Lage und zur aktiven Verwendung des Niederdeutschen in Ostfriesland am Beispiel einer Dorfgemeinschaft. Zeitschrift für Dialektologie und Linguistik 69, 163–181.Google Scholar
Rehbein, J. 1977. Kompexes Handeln. Elemente zur Handlungstheorie der Sprache. Stuttgart: Metzler.Google Scholar
Rehbein, J. 1979. Sprechhandlungsaugmente. Zur Organisation der Hörersteuerung. In: Weydt, H. ed. Die Partikeln der deutschen Sprache. Berlin: De Gruyter. 58–74.Google Scholar
Rendón, J. G. 2007a. Grammatical borrowing in Imbabura Quechua (Ecuador). In: Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. eds. 481–521.
Rendón, J. G. 2007b. Grammatical borrowing in Paraguayan Guarani. In: Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. eds. 523–550.
Renfrew, C., McMahon, A., and Trask, R. L. eds. 2000. Time depth in historical linguistics. Vol. 2. Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archeological Research.
Ribot, T. 1881. Les maladies de la mémoire. Paris: Baillère.Google Scholar
Rießler, M. 2007. Grammatical borrowing in Kildin Saami. In: Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. eds. 229–244.
Rijkhoff, J., Bakker, D., Hengeveld, K., and Kahrel, P. 1993. A method of language sampling. Studies in Language 17, 169–203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robinson, P. 2003. Attention and memory during SLA. In: Doughty, C. J. and Long, M. H. eds. The handbook of second language acquisition. Oxford: Blackwell. 631–678.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Romaine, S. 1995. Bilingualism (second edition). Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Ronjat, J. 1913. Le developpement du langage observé chez un enfant bilingue. Paris: Champion.Google Scholar
Ross, M. 1996. Contact-induced change and the Comparative Method. In: Durie, M. and Ross, M. eds. The comparative method reviewed. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 180–217.Google Scholar
Ross, M. 2001. Contact-induced change in Oceanic languages in north-west Melanesia. In: Aikhenvald, A. Y. and Dixon, R.M.W. eds. 134–166.
Rozencvejg, V. J. 1976. Linguistic interference and convergent change. The Hague: Mouton.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rudolph, E. 1996. Adversative and concessive relations and their expressions in English, German, Spanish, Portugese on sentence and text level. Berlin: De Gruyter.Google Scholar
Sacks, H., Schegloff, E. A., and Jefferson, G. 1974. A simplest systematics for the organization of turn-taking in conversation. Language 50, 696–735.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sakel, J. and Matras, Y. 2008. Modelling contact-induced change in grammar. In: Stolz, T., Bakker, D., and Salas Palomo, R. eds. Aspects of language contact. New theoretical, methodological and empirical findings with special focus on Romanisation processes. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 63–87.Google Scholar
Sakel, J. 2007a. Language contact between Spanish and Mosetén: A study of grammatical integration. International Journal of Bilingualism 11, 25–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sakel, J. 2007b. Language contact and recursion: the case of Pirahã. Paper presented at the international workshop ‘Variations et Changements morphosyntaxiques en situation de contacts de langues’, Ministère de la Recherche, Paris, 20–24 September 2007.
Sakel, J. 2007c. Mosetén borrowing from Spanish. In: Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. eds. 567–580.
Salmons, J. 1990. Bilingual discourse marking: code switching, borrowing, and convergence in some German-American dialects. Linguistics 28, 453–480.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Samely, U. 1991. Kedang (Eastern Indonesia). Some aspects of its grammar. Hamburg: Buske.Google Scholar
Sandefur, J. R. 1979. An Australian creole in the Northern Territory: A description of Ngukurr-Bamyili dialects (Part 1). Darwin: Summer Institute of Linguistics, Australian Aborigines Branch.Google Scholar
Sandfeld, K. 1930. Linguistique balkanique: problèmes et resultants. Paris: C. Klincksieck.Google Scholar
Sankoff, D. and Poplack, S. 1981. A formal grammar of code-switching. Papers in Linguistics 14, Third person–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sankoff, D. 1998. A formal production-based explanation of the facts of code-switching. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition First person, 39–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sankoff, G. 1990. The grammaticalisation of tense and aspect in Tok Pisin and Sranan. Language Variation and Change Second person, 295–312.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Savić, J. M. 1995. Structural convergence and language change: Evidence from Serbian/English code-switching. Language in Society 24, 475–492.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saville-Troike, M. 1989. The ethnography of communication: An introduction. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Scheuermann, U. 2001. Friesische Relikte im ostfriesischen Niederdeutsch. In: Muske, H. H. ed. Handbuch des Friesischen. Tübingen: Niemeyer. 443–448.Google Scholar
Schiffrin, D. 1987. Discourse markers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schirmer, A., Alter, K., Kotz, S., and Friederici, A. 2001. Lateralization of prosody during language production: A lesion study. Brain and Language 76, First person–17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schultze-Berndt, E. 2000. Simple and complex verbs in Jaminjung. A study of event categorisation in an Australian language. Nijmegen: MPI.Google Scholar
Schultze-Berndt, E. 2007. Recent grammatical borrowing into an Australian Aboriginal language: The case of Jaminjung and Kriol. In: Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. eds. 363–386.
Sebba, M. 1997. Contact languages. Houndmills: Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Selinker, L. 1972. Interlanguage. International Review of Applied Linguistics 10, 209–231.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shabibi, M. 2006. Contact-induced grammatical change in Khuzestani Arabic. Unpublished PhD dissertation, University of Manchester.
Sharewood Smith, M. 1991. Language modules and bilingual processing. In: Bialystok, E. ed. Language processing in bilingual children. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 10–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Siewert, K. ed. 1996. Rotwelschdialekte. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Siewierska, A. 2004. Person. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Silva-Corvalán, C. 1994. Language contact and change. Spanish in Los Angeles. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Simango, S. R.My Madame is fine’: The adaptation of English loans in Chichewa. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 21, 487–507.CrossRef
Skutnabb-Kangas, T. and Phillipson, R. 1995. Linguistic human rights, past and present. In: Skutnabb-Kangas, T. and Phillipson, R. eds. 71–110.CrossRef
Skutnabb-Kangas, T. and Phillipson, R. eds. 1995. Linguistic human rights. Overcoming linguistic discrimination. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.CrossRef
Smith, N. 1995. An annotated list of creoles, pidgins, and mixed languages. In: Arends, J., Muysken, P., and Smith, N. eds. 331–374.
Smith, N. 1998. Complex personal pronouns in the secret languages of nomadic castes. In: Bruyn, A. and Arends, J. eds. Mengelwerk voor Muysken. Amsterdam: Institute for General Linguistics. 44–49.Google Scholar
Solta, G. R. 1980. Einfuhrung in die Balkanlinguistik mit besonderer Berucksichtigung des Substrats und des Balkanlateinischen. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.Google Scholar
Sperber, D. and Wilson, D. 1986. Relevance. Communication and cognition. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Stewart, W. 1962. Creole languages in the Caribbean. In: Rice, F. A. ed. Study of the role of second languages in Asia, Africa and Latin America. Washington: Center for Applied Linguistics. 34–53.Google Scholar
Stolz, C. and Stolz, T. 1996. Funktionswortentlehnung in Mesoamerika. Spanisch-amerindischer Sprachkontakt Hispanoindiana II. Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung 49, 86–123.Google Scholar
Stolz, C. and Stolz, T. 1997. Universelle Hispanismen? Von Manila über Lima bis Mexiko und zurück: Muster bei der Entlehnung spanischer Funktionswörter in die indigenen Sprachen Amerikas und Austronesiens. Orbis 39, First person–77.Google Scholar
Stolz, C. and Stolz, T. 2001. Hispanicised comparative constructions in Indigenous languages of Austronesia and the Americas. In: Zimmermann, K. and Stolz, T. eds. Lo propio y lo ajeno en las lenguas austronésicas amerindias. Madrid: Iberoamericana. 35–56.Google Scholar
Stolz, T. 1991. Sprachbund im Baltikum? Estnisch und Lettisch im Zentrum eine sprachlichen Konvergenzlandschaft. Bochum: Brockmeyer.Google Scholar
Stolz, T. 1996. Grammatical Hispanisms in Amerindian and Austronesian languages. The other kind of Transpacific isoglosses. Amerindia 21, 137–160.Google Scholar
Stolz, T. 2003. Not quite the right mixture: Chamorro and Malti as candidates for the status of mixed language: In: Matras, Y. and Bakker, P. eds. 271–315.
Stolz, T. 2006. All or nothing. In: Matras, Y., McMahon, A., and Vincent, N. eds. 32–50.CrossRef
Stolz, T. 2007. Allora. On the recurrence of function-word borrowing in contact situations with Italian as donor language. In: Rehbein, J., Hohenstein, C., and Pietsch, L. eds., Connectivity in grammar and discourse. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 75–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Storch, A. 2006. How long do linguistic areas last? Western Nilotic grammars in contact. In: Aikhenvald, A. Y. and Dixon, R. M. W. eds. 2006. 94–113.
Stroud, C. 2007. Multilingualism in ex-colonial countries. In: Auer, P. and Wei, Li. eds. Handbook of multilingualism and multilingual communication. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 509–538.Google Scholar
Swadesh, M. 1952. Lexicostatistic dating of prehistoric ethnic contacts. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 96, 452–463.Google Scholar
Sweeney, D. 2007. A sociolinguistic study of Irish in a community in the North West of Ireland. Unpublished BA dissertation, University of Manchester.
Tadmor, U. 2004. Function loanwords in Malay-Indonesian (and some other Southeast Asian languages). Paper presented a the Loan Word Typology Workshop, Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, 1–2 May 2004.
Tadmor, U. 2007. Grammatical borrowing in Indonesian. In: Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. eds. 301–328.
Tenser, A. 2008. The Northeastern dialects of Romani. Unpublished PhD dissertation, University of Manchester.
Thai, B. D. 2007. Preliminary observations on a ‘Migrant Vietnamese’. Working Paper, The Australian National University.
Thomason, S. G. and Everett, D.L. 2001. Pronoun borrowing. In: Chang, Ch.et al. eds. Proceedings of the twenty seventh annual meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society. Berkeley: Berkeley Linguistics Society. 301–315.Google Scholar
Thomason, S. G. and Kaufman, T. 1988. Language contact, creolization and genetic linguistics. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Thomason, S. G. 1983. Chinook Jargon in areal and historical context. Language 59, 820–870.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomason, S. G. 1995. Language mixture: ordinary processes, extraordinary results. In: Silva-Corvalán, C. ed. Spanish in four continents. Studies in language contact and bilingualism. Washington DC: Georgetown University Press. 15–33.Google Scholar
Thomason, S. G. 1997a. Ma'a (Mbugu). In: Thomason, S. G. ed. 469–487.CrossRef
Thomason, S. G. 1997b. Mednyj Aleut. In: Thomason, S. G. ed. 449–468.
Thomason, S. G. 1997c. A typology of contact languages. In: Spears, A. A. and Winford, D. eds. The structure and status of pidgins and creoles. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 71–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomason, S. G. 1997d. On mechanisms of interference. In: Eliasson, S. and Jahr, E. H. eds. Language and its ecology. Essays in memory of Einar Haugen. Berlin: Mouton. 181–207.Google Scholar
Thomason, S. G. 1997e. Introduction. In: Thomason, S. G. ed. 1–7.
Thomason, S. G. 1999. Speakers' choices in language change. Studies in the Linguistic Sciences 29, 19–43.Google Scholar
Thomason, S. G. 2000. Linguistic areas and language history. In: Gilbers, D. G., Nerbonne, J., and Schaeken, J. eds. 311–327.
Thomason, S. G. 2001. Language contact. An introduction. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Thomason, S. G. ed. 1997. Contact languages: A wider perspective. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.CrossRef
Tipler, D. 1957. Specimens of Modern Welsh Romani. Journal of the Gypsy Lore Society 3/36, 9–24.Google Scholar
Tomasello, M. 1999. The cultural origins of human cognition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Topping, D. M. 1973. Chamorro reference grammar. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.Google Scholar
Torres, L. 2002. Bilingual discourse markers in Puerto Rican Spanish. Language in Society 31, 65–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trubetzkoy, N. S. 1928. Proposition 16. Acts of the First International Congress of Linguists, Leiden. 17–18.Google Scholar
Tsunoda, T. 2005. Language endangerment and language revitalization. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Tufan, S. 2008. Language convergence in Gostivar Turkish. Unpublished PhD dissertation, University of Manchester.
Turi, J.-G. 1995. Typology of language legislation. In: Skutnabb-Kangas, T. and Phillipson, R. eds. 111–120.CrossRef
Ullman, M. T. 2001. The neural basis of lexicon and grammar in first and second language: the declarative/procedural model. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 4, 105–122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vaid, J. 1984. Visual, phonetic and semantic processing in early and late bilinguals. In: Paradis, M. and Lebrun, Y. eds. Early bilingualism and child development. Lisse: Swets & Zeitlinger. 175–191.Google Scholar
Vakhtin, N. 1998. Copper Island Aleut: a case of languages ‘resurrection’. In: Grenoble, L. A. and Whaley, L. J. eds. Endangered languages: language loss and community response. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 317–327.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heuvel, W. 2007. Grammatical borrowing in Biak. In: Matras, Y. and Sakel, J. eds. 329–342.
Auwera, J. 1998. Phasal adverbials in the languages of Europe. In: Auwera, J. and Ó Baoill, B. eds. Adverbial constructions in the languages of Europe, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 25–145CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Voort, H. 2000. A grammar of Kwaza. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Amsterdam.
Hout, R. and Muysken, P. 1994. Modelling lexical borrowability. Language Variation and Change 6, 39–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Verhaar, J. W. M. 1995. Toward a reference grammar of Tok Pisin. An experiment in corpus linguistics. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press.Google Scholar
Véronique, Daniel. 2003. Iconicity and finiteness in the development of early grammar in French as L2 and in French-based creoles. In: Giacalone Ramat, A. ed. Typology and second language acquisition. Berlin: Mouton. 221–266.Google Scholar
Vihman, M. 1985. Language differentiation by the bilingual child. Journal of Child Language 12, 297–324.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Volterra, V. and Taeschner, T. 1978. The acquisition and development of language by bilingual children. Journal of Child Language 5, 311–326.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Voorhoeve, C. L. 1994. Contact-induced change in the non-Austronesian languages in the north Moluccas, Indonesia. In: Dutton, T. and Darrel, T. T. eds. Language contact and language change in the Austronesian world. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 649–674.Google Scholar
Wallace, S. 1983. Pronouns in contact. In: Agard, B., Kelley, G., Makkai, A., and Becker Makkai, V. eds. Essays in honor of Charles F. Hockett. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 573–589.Google Scholar
Weinreich, U. 1953. Languages in contact. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar
Weinreich, U. 1958. On the compatibility of genetic relationship and convergent development. Word 14, 374–379.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wellens, I. 2005. The Nubi language of Uganda. Leiden: Brill.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wexler, P. 1990. The schizoid nature of Modern Hebrew. A Slavic language in search of a Semitic past. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Google Scholar
Whinnom, K. 1965. The origins of the European-based creoles and pidgins. Orbis 14, 509–527.Google Scholar
White, L. 2003. Fossilization in steady state L2 grammars: Persistent problems with inflectional morphology. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 6, 129–141.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wichmann, S. and Wohlgemuth, J. 2008. Loan verbs in a typological perspective. In: Stolz, T., Bakker, D., and Salas Palomo, R. eds. Aspects of language contact. New theoretical, methodological and empirical findings with special focus on Romanisation processes. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 89–121.Google Scholar
Williams, G. 2005. Sustaining language diversity in Europe. Evidence from the Euromosaic project. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Winford, D. 2003. An introduction to contact linguistics. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Winford, D. 2006. Revisiting relexification in creole formation. In: Thornburg, L. L. and Fuller, J. M. eds. Studies in contact linguistics. Essays in honor of Glenn G. Gilbert. New York: Peter Lang. 231–252.Google Scholar
Winter, W. 1973. Areal linguistics. In: Sebeok, T. A. ed. Current trends in linguistics Vol. 11. The Hague: Mouton. 35–147.Google Scholar
Zuckermann, G. 2003. Language contact and lexical enrichment in Israeli Hebrew. London: Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • References
  • Yaron Matras, University of Manchester
  • Book: Language Contact
  • Online publication: 05 June 2012
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511809873.014
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • References
  • Yaron Matras, University of Manchester
  • Book: Language Contact
  • Online publication: 05 June 2012
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511809873.014
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • References
  • Yaron Matras, University of Manchester
  • Book: Language Contact
  • Online publication: 05 June 2012
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511809873.014
Available formats
×