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Israel The Judicial Parental Order as a Means of Recognising Same-Sex Parenthood

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 February 2022

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Summary

Résumé

L’ordonnance judiciaire de parenté reconnaît le statut de « parent » au partenaire du parent biologique sur la base de la relation qu’entretiennent les « coparents » et de leur intention d’élever l’enfant ensemble. Cette ordonnance est devenue une voie de réglementation courante pour la reconnaissance de la parenté entre personnes de même sexe. Ces dernières années, cette ordonnance a donné lieu à des litiges diverses qui, pris dans leur ensemble, ont façonné une nouvelle compréhension de la filiation et de l’identité familiale.

Ce chapitre se concentre sur l’évolution juridique de cette ordonnance pour raconter l’histoire israélienne de l’homoparentalité. Il commence par le développement de l’ordonnance judiciaire de parenté, poursuit avec l’examen des actuels débats quelle soulève et de ses implications normatives, et se termine par l’identification des lacunes et des défis futurs de cette voie de réglementation. L’exploration de ce terrain juridique controversé des ordonnances judiciaire de parenté, en passant du passé au présent, permet de comprendre l’évolution du parcours des couples de même sexe vers la parentalité et d’expliquer ce qui est « encore à venir ».

INTRODUCTION

This chapter focuses on what is, currently, one of the most contested terrains in Israeli family law: the judicial parental order. This order was officially introduced by the High Court of Justice in 2014 as a temporary regulatory scheme, until an explicit law could be passed. The judicial parental order was designed to recognise the parentage of the biological father's partner, in cases of transnational surrogacy. Since then, it has become a common apparatus for recognising the parental status of a biological parent's partner in same-sex couples, both in cases of male couples conceiving through transnational surrogacy (as intended parents), and in cases of female couples conceiving through sperm donation. Since the legislature has remained silent, the judicial parental order's rules and principles have gradually been shaped, on the one hand, on a case-by-case basis by courts and, on the other, by directives promulgated by the Attorney General and the Ministries for Labor and Social Welfare. This chapter examines the development of this apparatus, its tensions, and its implications for the future of parentage law in general, and of same-sex families in particular.

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Publisher: Intersentia
Print publication year: 2021

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