Interdependence, Situations, and Context

Part I - Interdependence, Situations, and Context

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 19 June 2020

Edited by

Laura V. Machia ,

Christopher R. Agnew and

Ximena B. Arriaga

Show author details

Laura V. Machia: Affiliation:
Syracuse University, New York
Christopher R. Agnew: Affiliation:
Purdue University, Indiana
Ximena B. Arriaga: Affiliation:
Purdue University, Indiana

Book contents

Get access

Summary

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'

Type: Chapter
Information: Interdependence, Interaction, and Close Relationships , pp. 9 - 92

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108645836 [Opens in a new window]

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Print publication year: 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arriaga, X. B. (2013). An interdependence theory analysis of close relationships. In Simpson, J. A. & Campbell, L. (Eds.), Oxford Handbook of Close Relationships (pp. 39–65). Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Arriaga, X. B., Kumashiro, M., Simpson, J. A., & Overall, N. C. (2017). Revising working models across time: Relationship situations that enhance attachment security. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 22, 71–96. doi:10.1177/1088868317705257Google Scholar

Asendorpf, J. B. (2015). From the psychology of situations to the psychology of environments. European Journal of Personality, 29, 382–432. doi:10.1002/per.2005Google Scholar

Ashton, M. C. & Lee, K. (2005). A defence of the lexical approach to the study of personality structure. European Journal of Personality, 19, 5–24. doi:10.1002/per.541CrossRef Google Scholar

Balliet, D., Tybur, J. M., & van Lange, P. A. M. (2017). Functional Interdependence Theory: An evolutionary account of social situations. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 21, 361–388. doi:10.1177/1088868316657965Google Scholar

Bartz, J. A. & Lydon, J. E. (2006). Navigating the interdependence dilemma: Attachment goals and the use of communal norms with potential close others. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91, 77–96. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.91.1.77CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Berdahl, J. L. & Martorana, P. (2006). Effects of power on emotion and expression during a controversial group discussion. European Journal of Social Psychology, 36, 497–509. doi:10.1002/ejsp.354CrossRef Google Scholar

Block, J. & Block, J. (1981). Studying situational dimensions: A grand perspective and some limited empiricism. In Magnusson, D. (Ed.), Toward a Psychology of Situations: An Interactional Perspective (pp. 85–106). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar

Bolger, N. & Laurenceau, J.-P. (2013). Intensive Longitudinal Methods: An Introduction to Diary and Experience Sampling Research. New York: Guilford.Google Scholar

Brown, N. A., Neel, R., & Sherman, R. A. (2015). Measuring the evolutionarily important goals of situations: Situational affordances for adaptive problems. Evolutionary Psychology, 13, 1–15. doi:10.1177/1474704915593662Google Scholar

Buss, D. M. (1987). Selection, evocation, and manipulation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 1214–1221. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.53.6.1214CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Buss, D. M. (2009). An evolutionary formulation of person–situation interactions. Journal of Research in Personality, 43, 241–242. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2008.12.019Google Scholar

Campbell, L. & Marshall, T. (2011). Anxious attachment and relationship processes: An interactionist perspective. Journal of Personality, 79, 917–947. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2011.00723.xCrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Campbell, L., Simpson, J. A., Boldry, J., & Kashy, D. A. (2005). Perceptions of conflict and support in romantic relationships: The role of attachment anxiety. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88, 510–531. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.88.3.510CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Campbell, L., Simpson, J. A., Boldry, J. G., & Rubin, H. (2010). Trust, variability in relationship evaluations, and relationship processes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 99, 14–31. doi:10.1037/a0019714CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Campbell, L., Simpson, J. A., Kashy, D. A., & Rholes, W. S. (2001). Attachment orientations, dependence, and behavior in a stressful situation: An application of the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 18, 821–843. doi:10.1177/0265407501186005Google Scholar

Cavallo, J. V., Murray, S. L., & Holmes, J. G. (2014). Risk regulation in close relationships. In Mikulincer, M. & Shaver, P. R. (Eds.), Mechanisms of Social Connection: From Brain to Group (pp. 237–254). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.Google Scholar

Columbus, S. & Balliet, D. (2018). [Reverse appraisal of situation characteristics in negotiations]. Unpublished raw data.Google Scholar

Columbus, S., Molho, C., Righetti, F., & Balliet, D. (2019). Interdependence and Cooperation in Daily Life. Under review.Google Scholar

Columbus, S., Molho, C., Righetti, F., & Balliet, D. (n.d.). The Interdependence in Daily Life Study. Manuscript in preparation.Google Scholar

Columbus, S., Münich, J., & Gerpott, F. H. (2019). Playing a Different Game: Situation Perception Mediates Framing Effects on Cooperative Behaviour. Preprint. Retrieved from https://psyarxiv.com/gf7kz Google Scholar

Conner, T. S., Tennen, H., Fleeson, W., & Feldman Barrett, L. (2009). Experience sampling methods: A modern idiographic approach to personality research. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 3, 292–313. doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2009.00170.xGoogle Scholar

de Vries, R. E., Tybur, J. M., Pollet, T. V., & van Vugt, M. (2016). Evolution, situational affordances, and the HEXACO model of personality. Evolution and Human Behavior, 37, 407–421. doi:10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2016.04.001Google Scholar

Drigotas, S. M. & Rusbult, C. E. (1992). Should I stay or should I go?: A dependence model of breakups. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62, 62–87.Google Scholar

Durante, K. M., Eastwick, P. W., Finkel, E. J., Gangestad, S. W., & Simpson, J. A. (2016). Pair-bonded relationships and romantic alternatives: Toward an integration of evolutionary and relationship science perspectives. In Olson, J. M. & Zanna, M. P. (Eds.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology (Vol. 53, pp. 1–74). Burlington, MA: Academic Press. doi:10.1016/bs.aesp.2015.09.001Google Scholar

Emery, N. J. (2000). The eyes have it: The neuroethology, function and evolution of social gaze. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 24, 581–604. doi:10.1016/S0149-7634(00)00025-7CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Etcheverry, P. E. & Le, B. (2005). Thinking about commitment: Accessibility of commitment and prediction of relationship persistence, accommodation, and willingness to sacrifice. Personal Relationships, 12, 103–123. doi:10.1111/j.1350-4126.2005.00104.xGoogle Scholar

Fehr, R., Gelfand, M. J., & Nag, M. (2010). The road to forgiveness: A meta-analytic synthesis of its situational and dispositional correlates. Psychological Bulletin, 136, 894–914. doi:10.1037/a0019993Google Scholar

Finkel, E. J., Campbell, W. K., Brunell, A. B., Dalton, A. N., Scarbeck, S. J., & Chartrand, T. L. (2006). High-maintenance interaction: Inefficient social coordination impairs self-regulation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91, 456–475. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.91.3.456Google Scholar

Fraley, R. C. & Shaver, P. R. (2000). Adult romantic attachment: Theoretical developments, emerging controversies, and unanswered questions. Review of General Psychology, 4, 132–154. doi:10.1037//1089-2680.4.2.132CrossRef Google Scholar

Funder, D. C. (2001). Personality. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 197–221.CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Gaines, S. O., Reis, H. T., Summers, S., Rusbult, C. E., Cox, C. L., Wexler, M. O., … Kurland, G. J. (1997). Impact of attachment style on reactions to accommodative dilemmas in close relationships. Personal Relationships, 4, 93–113. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.1997.tb00133.xCrossRef Google Scholar

Gerpott, F. H., Balliet, D., Columbus, S., Molho, C., & de Vries, R. E. (2018). How do people think about interdependence? Testing a multidimensional model of subjective outcome interdependence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 115, 716–742. doi:10.1037/pspp0000166Google Scholar

Girme, Y. U., Agnew, C. R., VanderDrift, L. E., Harvey, S. M., Rholes, W. S., & Simpson, J. A. (2018). The ebbs and flows of attachment: Within-person variation in attachment undermine secure individuals’ relationship wellbeing across time. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 114, 397–421. doi:10.1037/pspi0000115CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Goldberg, L. R. (1982). From Ace to Zombie: Some explorations in the language of personality. In Spielberger, C. D. & Butcher, J. N. (Eds.), Advances in Personality Assessment (Vol. 1, pp. 203–234). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar

Gomillion, S. & Murray, S. L. (2014). Shifting dependence: The influence of partner instrumentality and self-esteem on responses to interpersonal risk. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 40, 57–69. doi:10.1177/0146167213503885CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Gordon, A. M., Impett, E. A., Kogan, A., Oveis, C., & Keltner, D. (2012). To have and to hold: Gratitude promotes relationship maintenance in intimate bonds. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 103, 257–274. doi:10.1037/a0028723CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Hall, J. A., Coats, E. J., & LeBeau, L. S. (2005). Nonverbal behavior and the vertical dimension of social relations: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 131, 898–924. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.131.6.898CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Hazan, C. & Shaver, P. (1987). Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process. Interpersonal Relations and Group Processes, 52, 511–524. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.52.3.511Google Scholar

Holmes, J. G. (2002). Interpersonal Expectations as the building blocks of social cognition: An Interdependence Theory perspective. Personal Relationships, 9, 1–26. doi:10.1111/1475-6811.00001CrossRef Google Scholar

Horstmann, K. T., & Ziegler, M. (2016). Situational perception: Its theoretical foundation, assessment, and links to personality. In Kumar, U. (Ed.), The Wiley Handbook of Personality Assessment (1st ed., pp. 31–43). Oxford: Wiley Blackwell.CrossRef Google Scholar

Horstmann, K. T., Rauthmann, J. F., & Sherman, R. A. (2018). Measurement of situational influences. In Zeigler-Hill, V. & Shackelford, T. K. (Eds.), SAGE Handbook of Personality and Individual Differences. London: Sage.Google Scholar

Hutcherson, C. A. & Gross, J. J. (2011). The moral emotions: A social-functionalist account of anger, disgust, and contempt. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100, 719–737. doi:10.1037/a0022408Google Scholar

John, O. P., Angleitner, A., & Ostendorf, F. (1988). The lexical approach to personality: A historical review of trait taxonomic research. European Journal of Personality, 2, 171–203. doi:10.1002/per.2410020302Google Scholar

Karremans, J. C. & Smith, P. K. (2010). Having the power to forgive: When the experience of power increases interpersonal forgiveness. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 36, 1010–1023. doi:10.1177/0146167210376761Google Scholar

Kelley, H. H., Holmes, J. G., Kerr, N. L., Reis, H. T., Rusbult, C. E., & van Lange, P. A. M. (2003). An Atlas of Interpersonal Situations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511499845Google Scholar

Kelley, H. H. & Thibaut, J. W. (1978). Interpersonal Relations: A Theory of Interdependence. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar

Le, B. & Agnew, C. R. (2003). Commitment and its theorized determinants: A meta-analysis of the Investment Model. Personal Relationships, 10, 37–57. doi:10.1111/1475-6811.00035CrossRef Google Scholar

Le, B., Dove, N. L., Agnew, C. R., Korn, M. S., & Mutso, A. A. (2010). Predicting nonmarital romantic relationship dissolution: A meta-analytic synthesis. Personal Relationships, 17, 377–390. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.2010.01285.xGoogle Scholar

Leikas, S., Lönnqvist, J.-E., & Verkasalo, M. (2012). Persons, situations, and behaviors: Consistency and variability of different behaviors in four interpersonal situations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 103, 1007–1022. doi:10.1037/a0030385Google Scholar

Lennon, C. A., Stewart, A. L., & Ledermann, T. (2013). The role of power in intimate relationships. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 30, 95–114. doi:10.1177/0265407512452990Google Scholar

Lieberman, D., Tooby, J., & Cosmides, L. (2007). The architecture of human kin detection. Nature, 445, 727–731. doi:10.1038/nature05510Google Scholar

Mehl, M. R. & Conner, T. S. (Eds.). (2013). Handbook of Research Methods for Studying Daily Life. New York: Guilford.Google Scholar

Mikulincer, M. & Shaver, P. R. (2005). Attachment theory and emotions in close relationships: Exploring the attachment-related dynamics of emotional reactions to relational events. Personal Relationships, 12, 149–168. doi:10.1111/j.1350-4126.2005.00108.xGoogle Scholar

Mischel, W. & Shoda, Y. (1995). A cognitive-affective system theory of personality: Reconceptualizing situations, dispositions, dynamics, and invariance in personality structure. Psychological Review, 102, 246–268. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.102.2.246CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Molho, C. & Balliet, D. (2017). Navigating interdependent social situations. In Rauthmann, J. F., Sherman, R. A., & Funder, D. C. (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Psychological Situations. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190263348.013.3Google Scholar

Murray, H. A. (1938). Explorations in Personality. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Murray, S. L., Aloni, M., Holmes, J. G., Derrick, J. L., Stinson, D. A., & Leder, S. (2009a). Fostering partner dependence as trust insurance: The implicit contingencies of the exchange script in close relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96, 324–348. doi:10.1037/a0012856Google Scholar

Murray, S. L. & Holmes, J. G. (2009). The architecture of interdependent minds: A motivation-management theory of mutual responsiveness. Psychological Review, 116, 908–928. doi:10.1037/a0017015CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Murray, S. L. & Holmes, J. G. (2015). Maintaining mutual commitment in the face of risk. Current Opinion in Psychology, 1, 57–60. doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2014.11.005Google Scholar

Murray, S. L., Holmes, J. G., Aloni, M., Pinkus, R. T., Derrick, J. L., & Leder, S. (2009b). Commitment insurance: Compensating for the autonomy costs of interdependence in close relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 97, 256–278. doi:10.1037/a0014562CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Murray, S. L., Holmes, J. G., Griffin, D. W., & Derrick, J. L. (2015). The equilibrium model of relationship maintenance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 108, 93–113. doi:10.1037/pspi0000004Google Scholar

Murray, S. L., Holmes, J. G., & Pinkus, R. T. (2010). A smart unconscious? Procedural origins of automatic partner attitudes in marriage. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 46, 650–656. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2010.03.003Google Scholar

Overall, N. C. & Sibley, C. G. (2008). When accommodation matters: Situational dependency within daily interactions with romantic partners. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 44, 95–104. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2007.02.005Google Scholar

Overall, N. C., Girme, Y. U., & Simpson, J. A. (2016). The power of diagnostic situations: How support and conflict can foster growth and security. In Knee, C. R. & Reis, H. T. (Eds.), Positive Approaches to Optimal Relationship Development (pp. 148–170). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Overall, N. C. & Simpson, J. A. (2015). Attachment and dyadic regulation processes. Current Opinion in Psychology, 1, 61–66. doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2014.11.008CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Parrigon, S., Woo, S. E., Tay, L., & Wang, T. (2017). CAPTION-ing the situation: A lexically-derived taxonomy of psychological situation characteristics. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 112, 642–681. doi:10.1037/pspp0000111Google Scholar

Pervin, L. A. (1978). Definitions, measurements, and classifications of stimuli, situations, and environments. Human Ecology, 6, 71–105. doi:10.1007/BF00888567CrossRef Google Scholar

Pietroni, D., van Kleef, G. A., de Dreu, C. K. W. & Pagliaro, S. (2008). Emotions as strategic information: Effects of other’s emotional expressions on fixed-pie perception, demands, and integrative behaviour in negotiations. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 44, 1444–1454. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2008.06.007Google Scholar

Pietroni, D., van Kleef, G. A., Rubaltelli, E., & Rumiati, R. (2009). When happiness pays in negotiation. The interpersonal effects of “exit option”: direct emotions. Mind and Society, 8, 77–92. doi:10.1007/s11299-008-0047-9Google Scholar

Powell, C. & van Vugt, M. (2003). Genuine giving or selfish sacrifice? The role of commitment and cost level upon willingness to sacrifice. European Journal of Social Psychology, 33, 403–412. doi:10.1002/ejsp.154Google Scholar

Rauthmann, J. F., Gallardo-Pujol, D., Guillaume, E. M., Todd, E., Nave, C. S., Sherman, R. A., … Funder, D. C. (2014). The situational eight DIAMONDS: A taxonomy of major dimensions of situation characteristics. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 107, 677–718. doi:10.1037/a0037250Google Scholar

Rauthmann, J. F. & Sherman, R. A. (2016). Ultra-brief measures for the situational eight DIAMONDS domains. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 32, 165–174. doi:10.1027/1015-5759/a000245Google Scholar

Rauthmann, J. F. & Sherman, R. A. (2017). The description of situations: Towards replicable domains of psychological situation characteristics. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 114, 482–488. doi:10.1037/pspp0000162Google Scholar

Rauthmann, J. F., Sherman, R. A., & Funder, D. C. (2015). Principles of situation research: Towards a better understanding of psychological situations. European Journal of Personality, 29, 363–381. doi:10.1002/per.1994Google Scholar

Reis, H. T. (2008). Reinvigorating the concept of situation in social psychology. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 12, 311–329. doi:10.1177/1088868308321721Google Scholar

Reis, H. T. & Arriaga, X. B. (2014). Interdependence theory and related theories. In Gawronski, B. & Bodenhausen, G. V. (Eds.), Theory and Explanation in Social Psychology (pp. 305–327). New York: Guilford.Google Scholar

Reis, H. T., Clark, M. S., & Holmes, J. G. (2004). Perceived partner responsiveness as an organizing construct in the study of intimacy and closeness. In Mashek, D. J. & Aron, A. (Eds.), Handbook of Closeness and Intimacy. New York: Psychology Press.Google Scholar

Reis, H. T. & Gable, S. L. (2015). Responsiveness. Current Opinion in Psychology, 1, 67–71. doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.01.001Google Scholar

Rentzsch, K., Columbus, S., Balliet, D., & Gerlach, T. M. (n.d.). Similarity in Situation Perception Predicts Relationship Satisfaction. Manuscript in preparation.Google Scholar

Righetti, F., Gere, J., Hofmann, W., Visserman, M. L., & van Lange, P. A. M. (2016). The burden of empathy: Partners’ responses to divergence of interests in daily life. Emotion, 16, 684–690. doi:10.1037/emo0000163Google Scholar

Righetti, F. & Impett, E. (2017). Sacrifice in close relationships: Motives, emotions, and relationship outcomes. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 11, 1–11. doi:10.1111/spc3.12342Google Scholar

Righetti, F., Luchies, L. B., van Gils, S., Slotter, E. B., Witcher, B., & Kumashiro, M. (2015). The prosocial versus proself power holder: How power influences sacrifice in romantic relationships. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 41, 779–790. doi:10.1177/0146167215579054CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Rusbult, C. E. (1980). Commitment and satisfaction in romantic associations: A test of the investment model. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 16, 172–186. doi:10.1016/0022-1031(80)90007-4Google Scholar

Rusbult, C. E., Agnew, C. R., & Arriaga, X. B. (2012). The investment model of commitment processes. In van Lange, P. A. M., Kruglanski, A. W., & Higgins, E. T. (Eds.), Handbook of Theories of Social Psychology (pp. 218–231). London: Sage. doi:10.4135/9781446249222.n37Google Scholar

Rusbult, C. E., Martz, J. M., & Agnew, C. R. (1998). The investment model scale: Measuring commitment level, satisfaction level, quality of alternatives, and investment size. Personal Relationships, 5, 357–387. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.1998.tb00177.xCrossRef Google Scholar

Rusbult, C. E. & van Lange, P. A. M. (2003). Interdependence, interaction, and relationships. Annual Review of Psychology, 54, 351–375. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601.145059Google Scholar

Rusbult, C. E., Verette, J., Whitney, G. A., Slovik, L. F., & Lipkus, I. (1991). Accommodation processes in close relationships: Theory and preliminary empirical evidence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 53–78.Google Scholar

Saucier, G., Bel-Bahar, T., & Fernandez, C. (2007). What modifies the expression of personality tendencies? Defining basic domains of situation variables. Journal of Personality, 75, 479–504. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2007.00446.xGoogle Scholar

Schoebi, D. & Randall, A. K. (2015). Emotional dynamics in intimate relationships. Emotion Review, 7, 342–348. doi:10.1177/1754073915590620CrossRef Google Scholar

Shallcross, S. L. & Simpson, J. A. (2012). Trust and responsiveness in strain-test situations: A dyadic perspective. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102(5), 1031–1044. doi:10.1037/a0026829Google Scholar

Simpson, J. A., Campbell, L., & Weisberg, Y. J. (2006). Daily perceptions of conflict and support in romantic relationships: The ups and downs of anxiously attached individuals. In Mikulincer, M., & Goodman, G. S. (Eds.), Dynamics of Romantic Love: Attachment, Caregiving, and Sex (pp. 216–239). New York: Guilford.Google Scholar

Simpson, J. A., Farrell, A. K., Oriña, M. M., & Rothman, A. J. (2015). Power and social influence in relationships. In Mikulincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (Eds.), APA Handbook of Personality and Social Psychology, Volume 3: Interpersonal Relations (pp. 393–420). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/14344-015CrossRef Google Scholar

Simpson, J. A., Rholes, W. S., & Phillips, D. (1996). Conflict in close relationships: An attachment perspective. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 899–914. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.71.5.899Google Scholar

Thibaut, J. W. & Kelley, H. H. (1959). The Social Psychology of Groups. New York: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar

Tooby, J., Cosmides, L., Sell, A., Lieberman, D., & Sznycer, D. (2008). Internal regulatory variables and the design of human motivation: A computational and evolutionary approach. In Elliot, A. J. (Ed.), Handbook of Approach and Avoidance Motivation (pp. 251–271). New York: Psychology Press.Google Scholar

Tsang, J. A., McCullough, M. E., & Fincham, F. D. (2006). The longitudinal association between forgiveness and relationship closeness and commitment. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 25, 448–472.Google Scholar

van Lange, P. A. M., Rusbult, C. E., Drigotas, S. M., Arriaga, X. B., Witcher, B. S., & Cox, C. L. (1997). Willingness to sacrifice in close relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 1373–1395.CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Visserman, M. L., Righetti, F., Impett, E. A., Keltner, D., & van Lange, P. A. M. (2018). It’s the motive that counts: Perceived sacrifice motives and gratitude in romantic relationships. Emotion, 18, 625–637. doi:10.1037/emo0000344Google Scholar

Wagerman, S. A. & Funder, D. C. (2009). Personality psychology of situations. In Corr, P. J. & Matthews, G. (Eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Personality Psychology (pp. 27–42). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511596544.005Google Scholar

Yovetich, N. A. & Rusbult, C. E. (1994). Accommodative behavior in close relationships: Exploring transformation of motivation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 30, 138–164.CrossRef Google Scholar

Ziegler, M. (2014). Big Five Inventory of Personality in Occupational Situations. Mödling, Austria: Schuhfried GmbH.Google Scholar

References

Baumeister, R. F., Bratslavsky, E., Muraven, M., & Tice, D. M. (1998). Ego-depletion: Is the active self a limited resource? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 1252–1265.Google Scholar

Cavallo, J., Holmes, J. G., Fitzsimons, G., Murray, S. L., & Wood, J. V. (2012). Managing motivational conflict: How self-esteem and executive resources influence self-regulatory responses to risk. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 103, 430–451.Google Scholar

Fazio, R. H. (1990). Multiple processes by which attitudes guide behavior: The MODE model as an integrative framework. In Zanna, M. P. (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology (Vol. 23, pp. 75–109). New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar

Higgins, E. T. (1997). Beyond pleasure and pain. American Psychologist, 52, 1280–1300.Google Scholar

Kelley, H. H., Holmes, J. G., Kerr, N. L., Reis, H. T., Rusbult, C. E., & Van Lange, P. A. M. (2003). An Atlas of Interpersonal Situations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Kruglanski, A. W., Shah, J. Y., Fishbach, A., Friedman, R., Chun, W. Y., & Sleeth-Keppler, D. (2002). A theory of goal systems. In Zanna, M. P. (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology (Vol. 34, pp. 331–378). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.Google Scholar

Murray, S. L., Aloni, M., Holmes, J. G., Derrick, J., Anthony, D., & Leder, S. (2009). Fostering partner dependence as trust insurance: The implicit contingencies of exchange in close relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96, 324–348.Google Scholar

Murray, S. L., Derrick, J., Leder, S., & Holmes, J. G. (2008). Balancing connectedness and self-protection goals in close relationships: A levels of processing perspective on risk regulation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94, 429–459.Google Scholar

Murray, S. L. & Holmes, J. G. (2000). Seeing the self through a partner’s eyes: Why self-doubts turn into relationship insecurities. In Tesser, A., Felson, R. B., & Suls, J. M. (Eds.), Psychological Perspectives on Self and Identity (pp. 173–198). Washington: APA Press.Google Scholar

Murray, S. L. & Holmes, J. G. (2009). The architecture of interdependent minds: A motivation-management theory of mutual responsiveness. Psychological Review, 116, 908–928.Google Scholar

Murray, S. L., Holmes, J. G., Aloni, M., Pinkus, R. T., Derrick, J. L., & Leder, S. (2009). Commitment-insurance: Compensating for the autonomy costs of interdependence in close relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 97, 256–279.Google Scholar

Murray, S. L., Holmes, J. G., & Collins, N. L. (2006). Optimizing assurance: The risk regulation system in relationships. Psychological Bulletin, 132, 641–666.Google Scholar

Murray, S. L, Holmes, J. G., Griffin, D., & Derrick, J. (2015). The equilibrium model of relationship maintenance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 108, 93–113.Google Scholar

Murray, S. L., Holmes, J. G., & Pinkus, R. (2010). A smart unconscious? Procedural origins of automatic partner attitudes in marriage. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 46, 650–656.Google Scholar

Murray, S. L., Leder, S., McClellan, J., Holmes, J. G., Pinkus, R., & Harris, B. (2009). Becoming irreplaceable: How comparisons to the partner’s alternatives differentially affects low and high self-esteem people. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 45, 1180–1191.Google Scholar

Murray, S. L., Rose, P., Holmes, J. G., Podchaski, E., Derrick, J., Bellavia, G., & Griffin, D. W. (2005). Putting the partner within reach: A dyadic perspective on felt security. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88, 327–347.Google Scholar

Reis, H., Clark, M., & Holmes, J.G. (2004). Perceived partner responsiveness as an organizing construct in the study of intimacy and closeness. In Mashek, D. J. & Aron, A. (Eds.), Handbook of Intimacy and Closeness (pp. 201–225). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar

Thibaut, J. W. & Kelley, H. H. (1959). The Social Psychology of Groups. Oxford: John Wiley.Google Scholar

References

Abson, D. J., Dougill, A. J., & Stringer, L. C. (2012). Using Principal Component Analysis for information-rich socio-ecological vulnerability mapping in Southern Africa. Applied Geography, 35, 515–524.Google Scholar

Allport, F. H. (1924). The group fallacy in relation to social science. The Journal of Abnormal Psychology and Social Psychology, 19, 60–73.Google Scholar

Anderson, C. A. (2001). Heat and violence. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 10, 33–38.Google Scholar

Bach, R. A., Defever, A. M., Chopik, W. J., & Konrath, S. H. (2017). Geographic variation in empathy: A state-level analysis. Journal of Research in Personality, 68, 124–130.Google Scholar

Barranti, M., Carlson, E. N., & Côté, S. (2017). How to test questions about similarity in personality and social psychology research: Description and empirical demonstration of response surface analysis. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 8, 465–475.Google Scholar

Belsky, J., Steinberg, L., & Draper, P. (1991). Childhood experience, interpersonal development, and reproductive strategy: An evolutionary theory of socialization. Child Development, 62, 647–670.Google Scholar

Bleidorn, W., Schönbrodt, F., Gebauer, J. E., Rentfrow, P. J., Potter, J., & Gosling, S. D. (2016). To live among like-minded others: Exploring the links between person-city personality fit and self-esteem. Psychological Science, 27, 419–427.Google Scholar

Bliese, P. D. (2000). Within-group agreement, non-independence, and reliability: Implications for data aggregation and analysis. In Klein, K. K. & Kozlowski, S. W. J. (Eds.), Multilevel Theory, Research, and Methods in Organizations: Foundations, Extensions, and New Directions (pp. 349–381). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.Google Scholar

Boneva, B. S. & Frieze, I. H. (2001). Toward a concept of a migrant personality. Journal of Social Issues, 57, 477–491.Google Scholar

Bronfenbrenner, U. (1977). Toward an experimental ecology of human development. American Psychologist, 32, 513–531.Google Scholar

Bronfenbrenner, U. (2005). Making Human Beings Human: Bioecological Perspectives on Human Development. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications Ltd.Google Scholar

Bronfenbrenner, U. & Ceci, S. J. (1994). Nature–nurture reconceptualized in developmental perspective: A bioecological model. Psychological Review, 101, 568–586.Google Scholar

Bronfenbrenner, U. & Evans, G. W. (2000). Developmental science in the 21st century: Emerging questions, theoretical models, research designs and empirical findings. Social Development, 9, 115–125.Google Scholar

Campbell, D. T. (1975). On the conflicts between biological and social evolution and between psychology and moral tradition. American Psychologist, 30, 1103–1126.Google Scholar

Chein, I. (1954). The environment as a determinant of behavior. The Journal of Social Psychology, 39, 115–127.Google Scholar

Chisholm, J. S. (1993). Death, hope, and sex: Life-history theory and the development of reproductive strategies. Current Anthropology, 34, 1–24.Google Scholar

Chisholm, J. S. (1996). The evolutionary ecology of attachment organization. Human Nature, 7, 1–38.Google Scholar

Chisholm, J. S. (1999). Death, Hope and Sex: Steps to an Evolutionary Ecology of Mind and Morality. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Chopik, W. J. (2017). Associations among relational values, support, health, and well-being across the adult lifespan. Personal Relationships, 24, 408–422.Google Scholar

Chopik, W. J. & Edelstein, R. S. (2014). Age differences in romantic attachment around the world. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 5, 892–900.Google Scholar

Chopik, W. J., Edelstein, R. S., van Anders, S. M., Wardecker, B. M., Shipman, E. L., & Samples-Steele, C. R. (2014). Too close for comfort? Adult attachment and cuddling in romantic and parent-child relationships. Personality and Individual Differences, 69, 212–216.Google Scholar

Chopik, W. J., Kim, E. S., & Smith, J. (2018). An examination of dyadic changes in optimism and physical health over time. Health Psychology, 37, 42–50.Google Scholar

Chopik, W. J. & Lucas, R. E. (2019). Actor, partner, and similarity effects of personality on global and experienced well-being. Journal of Research in Personality, 78, 249–261.Google Scholar

Chopik, W. J., Moors, A. C., & Edelstein, R. S. (2014). Maternal nurturance predicts decreases in attachment avoidance in emerging adulthood. Journal of Research in Personality, 53, 47–53.Google Scholar

Chopik, W. J. & Motyl, M. (2016). Ideological fit enhances interpersonal orientations. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 7, 759–768.Google Scholar

Chopik, W. J. & Motyl, M. (2017). Is Virginia for lovers? Geographic variation in adult attachment orientation. Journal of Research in Personality, 66, 38–45.Google Scholar

Chopik, W. J., O’Brien, E., & Konrath, S. H. (2017). Differences in empathic concern and perspective taking across 63 countries. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 48, 23–38.Google Scholar

Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 155–159.Google Scholar

Conway, L. G., Ryder, A. G., Tweed, R. G., & Sokol, B. W. (2001). Intranational cultural variation: Exploring further implications of collectivism within the United States. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 32, 681–697.Google Scholar

Durante, K. M., Griskevicius, V., Simpson, J. A., Cantú, S. M., & Tybur, J. M. (2012). Sex ratio and women’s career choice: Does a scarcity of men lead women to choose briefcase over baby? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 103, 121–134.Google Scholar

Dyrenforth, P. S., Kashy, D. A., Donnellan, M. B., & Lucas, R. E. (2010). Predicting relationship and life satisfaction from personality in nationally representative samples from three countries: The relative importance of actor, partner, and similarity effects. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 99, 690–702.Google Scholar

Edwards, J. R. (2002). Alternatives to difference scores: Polynomial regression analysis and response surface methodology. In Drasgow, F., & Schmitt, N. W. (Eds.), Advances in Measurement and Data Analysis (pp. 350–400). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.Google Scholar

Edwards, J. R. (2007). Polynomial regression and response surface methodology. In Ostroff, C., & Judge, T. A. (Eds.), Perspectives on Organizational Fit (pp. 361–372). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.Google Scholar

Edwards, J. R. (2016). Excel file for plotting response surfaces. Retrieved from http://public.kenan-flagler.unc.edu/faculty/edwardsj/downloads.htm Google Scholar

Eichstaedt, J. C., Schwartz, H. A., Kern, M. L., Park, G., Labarthe, D. R., Merchant, R. M., … Seligman, M. E. P. (2015). Psychological language on Twitter predicts county-level heart disease mortality. Psychological Science, 26, 159–169.Google Scholar

Fonagy, P., Steele, H., & Steele, M. (1991). Maternal representations of attachment during pregnancy predict the organization of infant-mother attachment at one year of age. Child Development, 62, 891–905.Google Scholar

Fowler, J. H. & Christakis, N. A. (2008). Dynamic spread of happiness in a large social network: Longitudinal analysis over 20 years in the Framingham Heart Study. BMJ, 337, a2338.Google Scholar

Fraley, R. C., Waller, N. G., & Brennan, K. A. (2000). An item response theory analysis of self-report measures of adult attachment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 350–365.Google Scholar

Frieze, I. H., Hansen, S. B., & Boneva, B. (2006). The migrant personality and college students’ plans for geographic mobility. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 26, 170–177.Google Scholar

Fulmer, C. A., Gelfand, M. J., Kruglanski, A. W., Kim-Prieto, C., Diener, E., Pierro, A., & Higgins, E. T. (2010). On “feeling right” in cultural contexts: How person-culture match affects self-esteem and subjective well-being. Psychological Science, 21, 1563–1569.Google Scholar

Gelman, A. (2009). Red State, Blue State, Rich State, Poor State: Why Americans Vote the Way They Do – Expanded Edition. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Geoffroy, P. A., Bellivier, F., Scott, J., & Etain, B. (2014). Seasonality and bipolar disorder: A systematic review, from admission rates to seasonality of symptoms. Journal of Affective Disorders, 168, 210–223.Google Scholar

Girme, Y. U., Overall, N. C., Simpson, J. A., & Fletcher, G. J. O. (2015). “All or nothing”: Attachment avoidance and the curvilinear effects of partner support. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 108, 450–475.Google Scholar

Goodfriend, W. & Arriaga, X. B. (2018). Cognitive reframing of intimate partner aggression: Social and contextual influences. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15, 2464–2477.Google Scholar

Harzing, A.-W. (2006). Response styles in cross-national survey research: A 26-country study. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 6, 243–266.Google Scholar

Heider, F. (1959). On Lewin’s methods and theory. Journal of Social Issues, Supplement Series, No. 13.Google Scholar

Hoppmann, C. A. & Gerstorf, D. (2009). Spousal interrelations in old age – A mini-review. Gerontology, 55, 449–459.Google Scholar

Hoppmann, C. A., Gerstorf, D., & Hibbert, A. (2011). Spousal associations between functional limitation and depressive symptom trajectories: Longitudinal findings from the Study of Asset and Health Dynamics Among the Oldest Old (AHEAD). Health Psychology, 30, 153–162.Google Scholar

Hotard, S. R., McFatter, R. M., McWhirter, R. M., & Stegall, M. E. (1989). Interactive effects of extraversion, neuroticism, and social relationships on subjective well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 321.CrossRef Google Scholar

Hughes, A. & Saxton, P. (2006). Geographic micro-clustering of homosexual men: Implications for research and social policy. Social Policy Journal of New Zealand, 28, 158–178.Google Scholar

Humberg, S., Nestler, S., & Back, M. D. (2019). Response surface analysis in personality and social psychology: Checklist and clarifications for the case of congruence hypotheses. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 10, 409–419.Google Scholar

Johnson, D. J. & Chopik, W. J. (2019). Geographic variation in the Black-violence stereotype. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 10, 287–294.Google Scholar

Jokela, M. (2009). Personality predicts migration within and between U.S. states. Journal of Research in Personality, 43, 79–83.Google Scholar

Jokela, M. (2014). Personality and the realization of migration desires. In Rentfrow, P. J. (Ed.), Geographical Psychology: Exploring the Interaction of Environment and Behavior (pp. 71–88). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.Google Scholar

Kelley, H. H. (1991). Lewin, situations, and interdependence. Journal of Social Issues, 47, 211–233.Google Scholar

Kent, S., Bluthé, R.-M., Kelley, K. W., & Dantzer, R. (1992). Sickness behavior as a new target for drug development. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 13, 24–28.Google Scholar

Kitayama, S., Conway, L. G. III, Pietromonaco, P. R., Park, H., & Plaut, V. C. (2010). Ethos of independence across regions in the United States: The production-adoption model of cultural change. American Psychologist, 65, 559–574.Google Scholar

Kitayama, S., Ishii, K., Imada, T., Takemura, K., & Ramaswamy, J. (2006). Voluntary settlement and the spirit of independence: Evidence from Japan’s “northern frontier.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91, 369–384.Google Scholar

Koffka, K. (1935). Principles of Gestalt Psychology. New York: Harcourt Brace.Google Scholar

Lee, J. G. L., Wimark, T., Ortiz, K. S., & Sewell, K. B. (2018). Health-related regional and neighborhood correlates of sexual minority concentration: A systematic review. PLoS ONE, 13, e0198751-e0198751.Google Scholar

Levine, R. V., Martinez, T. S., Brase, G., & Sorenson, K. (1994). Helping in 36 U.S. cities. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 69–82.Google Scholar

Lewin, K. (1936). Principles of Topological Psychology. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar

Maas, C. J. & Hox, J. J. (2005). Sufficient sample sizes for multilevel modeling. Methodology, 1, 86–92.Google Scholar

Magnusson, A. (2000). An overview of epidemiological studies on seasonal affective disorder. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 101, 176–184.Google Scholar

McCann, S. J. H. (2014). Big five personality differences and political, social, and economic conservatism: An American state-level analysis. In Rentfrow, P. J. (Ed.), Geographical Psychology: Exploring the Interaction of Environment and Behavior (pp. 139–160). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.Google Scholar

McNeish, D. & Stapleton, L. M. (2016). Modeling clustered data with very few clusters. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 51, 495–518.Google Scholar

Millward, H. & Spinney, J. (2013). Urban–rural variation in satisfaction with life: Demographic, health, and geographic predictors in Halifax, Canada. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 8, 279–297.Google Scholar

Moran, P. A. (1950a). Notes on continuous stochastic phenomena. Biometrika, 37, 17–23.Google Scholar

Moran, P. A. (1950b). A test for the serial independence of residuals. Biometrika, 37, 178–181.Google Scholar

Morgan, P. (2010). Towards a developmental theory of place attachment. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30, 11–22.Google Scholar

Moshontz, H., Campbell, L., Ebersole, C. R., IJzerman, H., Urry, H. L., Forscher, P. S., … Chartier, C. R. (2018). The psychological science accelerator: Advancing psychology through a distributed collaborative network. Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science, 1, 501–515.Google Scholar

Motyl, M. (2016). Liberals and conservatives are geographically dividing. In Valdesolo, P. & Graham, J. (Eds.), Bridging Ideological Divides: The Claremont Symposium for Applied Social Psychology. Los Angeles: Sage Press.Google Scholar

Motyl, M., Iyer, R., Oishi, S., Trawalter, S., & Nosek, B. A. (2014). How ideological migration geographically segregates groups. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 51, 1–14.Google Scholar

Murray, D. R. & Schaller, M. (2014). Pathogen prevalence and geographical variaion in traits and behavior. In Rentfrow, P. J. (Ed.), Geographical Psychology: Exploring the Interaction of Environment and Behavior (pp. 51–70). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.Google Scholar

Neal, J. W., Durbin, C. E., Gornik, A. E., & Lo, S. L. (2017). Codevelopment of preschoolers’ temperament traits and social play networks over an entire school year. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 113, 627–640.Google Scholar

Nuttall, A. K. & Valentino, K. (2017). An ecological-transactional model of generational boundary dissolution across development. Marriage & Family Review, 53, 105–150.Google Scholar

Nye, C. D., Roberts, B. W., Saucier, G., & Zhou, X. (2008). Testing the measurement equivalence of personality adjective items across cultures. Journal of Research in Personality, 42, 1524–1536.Google Scholar

Oishi, S. & Schimmack, U. (2010). Residential mobility, well-being, and mortality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 98, 980–994.Google Scholar

Oishi, S., Talhelm, T., & Lee, M. (2015). Personality and geography: Introverts prefer mountains. Journal of Research in Personality, 58, 55–68.Google Scholar

Park, N. & Peterson, C. (2010). Does it matter where we live?: The urban psychology of character strengths. American Psychologist, 65, 535–547.Google Scholar

Philbreck, N. (2007). Mayflower: A Story of Courage, Community, and War. New York: Penguin.Google Scholar

Portes, A. & Hao, L. (2002). The price of uniformity: Language, family and personality adjustment in the immigrant second generation. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 25, 889–912.Google Scholar

Preacher, K. J. (2011). Multilevel SEM strategies for evaluating mediation in three-level data. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 46, 691–731.Google Scholar

Rentfrow, P. J. (2010). Statewide differences in personality: Toward a psychological geography of the United States. American Psychologist, 65, 548–558.Google Scholar

Rentfrow, P. J. (2014). Geographical Psychology: Exploring the Interaction of Environment and Behavior. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.Google Scholar

Rentfrow, P. J., Gosling, S. D., Jokela, M., Stillwell, D. J., Kosinski, M., & Potter, J. (2013). Divided we stand: Three psychological regions of the United States and their political, economic, social, and health correlates. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 105, 996–1012.Google Scholar

Rentfrow, P. J., Gosling, S. D., & Potter, J. (2008). A theory of the emergence, persistence, and expression of geographic variation in psychological characteristics. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3, 339–369.Google Scholar

Rentfrow, P. J., Jost, J. T., Gosling, S. D., & Potter, J. (2009). Statewide differences in personality predict voting patterns in 1996–2004 US presidential elections. In Jost, J. T., Kay, A. C., & Thorisdottir, H. (Eds.), Social and Psychological Bases of Ideology and System Justification (pp. 314–349). New York: Oxford University.Google Scholar

Reysen, S. & Levine, R. V. (2014). People, culture, and place: How place predicts helping toward strangers. In Rentfrow, P. J. (Ed.), Geographical Psychology: Exploring the Interaction of Environment and Behavior (pp. 241–260). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.Google Scholar

Robinson, W. S. (1950). Ecological correlations and the behavior of individuals. American Sociological Review, 15, 351–357.Google Scholar

Rossi, P. H. (1955). Why Families Move: A Study in the Social Psychology of Urban Residential Mobility. Glencoe, IL: Free Press.Google Scholar

Schaller, M. & Murray, D. R. (2008). Pathogens, personality, and culture: Disease prevalence predicts worldwide variability in sociosexuality, extraversion, and openness to experience. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95, 212–221.Google Scholar

Scheper-Hughes, N. (1985). Culture, scarcity, and maternal thinking: Maternal detachment and infant survival in a Brazilian shantytown. Ethos, 13, 291–317.Google Scholar

Scheper-Hughes, N. (1993). Death without Weeping: The Violence of Everyday Life in Brazil. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar

Scheper-Hughes, N. (2013). No more angel-babies on the Alto. Berkeley Review of Latin American Studies, Spring 2013, 25–31.Google Scholar

Schmitt, D. P., Alcalay, L., Allensworth, M., Allik, J., Ault, L., Austers, I., … Zupanèiè, A. (2003). Are men universally more dismissing than women? Gender differences in romantic attachment across 62 cultural regions. Personal Relationships, 10, 307–331.Google Scholar

Schmitt, D. P., Alcalay, L., Allensworth, M., Allik, J., Ault, L., Austers, I., … Scrimali, T. (2004). Patterns and universals of adult romantic attachment across 62 cultural regions: Are models of self and of other pancultural constructs? Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 35, 367–402.Google Scholar

Schönbrodt, F. D. (2016). RSA: An R package for response surface analysis (version 0.9.10). Retrieved from https://cran.r-project.org/package=RSA Google Scholar

Schwartz, H. A., Eichstaedt, J. C., Kern, M. L., Dziurzynski, L., Lucas, R. E., Agrawal, M., … Seligman, M. E. (2013). Characterizing geographic variation in well-being using tweets. Paper presented at the Seventh International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media.Google Scholar

Simmons, J. P., Nelson, L. D., & Simonsohn, U. (2011). False-positive psychology: Undisclosed flexibility in data collection and analysis allows presenting anything as significant. Psychological Science, 22, 1359–1366.Google Scholar

Simpson, J. A. & Belsky, J. (2008). Attachment theory within a modern evolutionary framework. In Cassidy, J. & Shaver, P. R. (Eds.), Handbook of Attachment: Theory, Research, and Clinical Applications (2nd ed., pp. 131–157). New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar

Uskul, A. K., Kitayama, S., & Nisbett, R. E. (2008). Ecocultural basis of cognition: Farmers and fishermen are more holistic than herders. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105, 8552–8556.Google Scholar

van Herk, H., Poortinga, Y. H., & Verhallen, T. M. M. (2004). Response styles in rating scales: Evidence of method bias in data from six EU countries. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 35, 346–360.Google Scholar

Van Lange, P. A. & Visser, K. (1999). Locomotion in social dilemmas: How people adapt to cooperative, tit-for-tat, and noncooperative partners. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 762–773.Google Scholar

Van Poppel, F. & Day, L. H. (1996). A test of Durkheim’s theory of suicide – without committing the “ecological fallacy.” American Sociological Review, 61, 500–507.Google Scholar

van Prooijen, J.-W., Krouwel, A. P. M., & Emmer, J. (2018). Ideological responses to the EU refugee crisis: The left, the right, and the extremes. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 9, 143–150.Google Scholar

van Scheppingen, M. A., Chopik, W. J., Bleidorn, W., & Denissen, J. J. A. (2019). Longitudinal actor, partner, and similarity effects of personality on well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 117, e51–e70.Google Scholar

Vandello, J. A. & Cohen, D. (1999). Patterns of individualism and collectivism across the United States. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 279–292.Google Scholar

Vanhoutte, B., Wahrendorf, M., & Nazroo, J. (2017). Duration, timing and order: How housing histories relate to later life wellbeing. Longitudinal and Life Course Studies, 8, 227–243.Google Scholar

Varnum, M. E. W. & Kitayama, S. (2011). What’s in a name? Popular names are less common on frontiers. Psychological Science, 22, 176–183.Google Scholar

Ward, M. D. & Gleditsch, K. S. (2018). Spatial Regression Models. Los Angeles: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Webster, G. D. & Duffy, R. D. (2016). Losing faith in the intelligence–religiosity link: New evidence for a decline effect, spatial dependence, and mediation by education and life quality. Intelligence, 55, 15–27.Google Scholar

Weidmann, R., Schönbrodt, F. D., Ledermann, T., & Grob, A. (2017). Concurrent and longitudinal dyadic polynomial regression analyses of Big Five traits and relationship satisfaction: Does similarity matter? Journal of Research in Personality, 70, 6–15.Google Scholar

Wenger, G. C. (1995). A comparison of urban with rural support networks: Liverpool and North Wales. Ageing & Society, 15, 59–81.Google Scholar

References

Adams, J. & Jones, W. (1997). The conceptualization of marital commitment: An integrative analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 1177–1196.Google Scholar

Agnew, C. R. & Etcheverry, P. E. (2006). Cognitive interdependence considering self-in-relationship. In Vohs, K. D. & Finkel, E. J. (Eds.), Self and Relationships: Connecting Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Processes (pp. 274–293). New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar

Agnew, C. R. & VanderDrift, L. E. (2015). Relationship maintenance and dissolution. In Mikulincer, M. & Shaver, P. R. (Eds.), APA Handbook of Personality and Social Psychology (Vol. 3: Interpersonal relations, pp. 581–604). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.Google Scholar

Agnew, C. R. & VanderDrift, L. E. (2018). Commitment processes in personal relationship. In Vangelisti, A. L. & Perlman, D. (Eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Personal Relationships (2nd ed., pp. 437–448). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Arriaga, X. B. (2013). An interdependence theory analysis of close relationships. In Simpson, J. A. & Campbell, L. (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Close Relationships (pp. 39–65). Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Berscheid, E. (1985). Interpersonal attraction. In Lindzey, G. & Aronson, E. (Eds.), The Handbook of Social Psychology (3rd ed., Vol. 2, pp. 413–484). New York: Random House.Google Scholar

Berscheid, E. & Reis, H. T. (1998). Attraction and close relationships. In Gilbert, D. T., Fiske, S. T., & Lindzey, G. (Eds.), The Handbook of Social Psychology (4th ed., Vol. 2, pp. 193–281). Boston: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar

Braithwaite, V. A. & Scott, W. A. (1991). Values. In Robinson, J. P., Shaver, P. R., & Wrightsman, L. S. (Eds.), Measures of Personality and Social Psychological Attitudes (pp. 661–753). San Diego: Academic Press.Google Scholar

Brown, T. A. (2015). Confirmatory Factor Analysis for Applied Research (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford.Google Scholar

Clark, M. S. & Mills, J. (1979). Interpersonal attraction in exchange and communal relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 12–24.Google Scholar

Cohen, A. B. (2009). Many forms of culture. American Psychologist, 64, 194–204.Google Scholar

Cohen, A. B. (2010). Just how many different forms of culture are there? American Psychologist, 65, 59–61.Google Scholar

Davis, L. E. & Strube, M. J. (1993). An assessment of romantic commitment among Black and White dating couples. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 23, 212–225.Google Scholar

Dion, K. K. & Dion, K. L. (1993). Individualistic and collectivistic perspectives on gender and the cultural context of love and intimacy. Journal of Social Issues, 49(3), 53–69.Google Scholar

Dion, K. K. & Dion, K. L. (1996). Cultural perspectives on romantic love. Personal Relationships, 3, 5–17.Google Scholar

Etcheverry, P. E. & Agnew, C. R. (2004). Subjective norms and the prediction of romantic relationship state and fate. Personal Relationships, 11, 409–428.Google Scholar

Feeney, B. C. & Collins, N. L. (2014). Much “I do” about nothing? Ascending Mount Maslow with an oxygenated marriage. Psychological Inquiry, 25, 69–79.CrossRef Google Scholar

Finkel, E. J., Hui, C, M., Carswell, K. L., & Larson, G. M. (2014). The suffocation of marriage: Climbing Mount Maslow without enough oxygen. Psychological Inquiry, 25, 1–41.Google Scholar

Finkel, E. J., Larson, G. M., Carswell, K. L., & Hui, C. M. (2014). Marriage at the summit: Response to the commentaries. Psychological Inquiry, 25, 120–145.Google Scholar

Fiske, A. P., Kitayama, S., Markus, H. R., & Nisbett, R. E. (1998). The cultural matrix of social psychology. In Gilbert, D. T., Fiske, S. T., & Lindzey, G. (Eds.), The Handbook of Social Psychology (4th ed., Vol. 2, pp. 915–981). New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar

Foa, U. G. & Foa, E. B. (1974). Societal Structures of the Mind. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.Google Scholar

Gaines, S. O. Jr. (1997). Culture, Ethnicity, and Personal Relationship Processes. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar

Gaines, S. O. Jr. & Agnew, C. R. (2003). Relationship maintenance in intercultural marriages: An interdependence perspective. In Canary, D. J. & Dainton, M. (Eds.), Maintaining Relationships through Communication: Relational, Contextual, and Cultural Variations (pp. 231–253). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar

Gaines, S. O. Jr. & Hardin, D. P. (2013). Interdependence revisited: Perspectives from cultural psychology. In Campbell, L. & Simpson, J. A. (Eds.), Oxford Handbook of Close Relationships (pp. 553–572). Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Gaines, S. O. Jr. & Hardin, D. P. (2018). Ethnicity, culture, and close relationships. In Vangelisti, A. L. & Perlman, D. (Eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Personal Relationships (2nd ed., pp. 494–508). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Galinsky, A. D., Rucker, D. D., & Magee, J. C. (2015). Power: Past findings, present considerations, and future directions. In Mikulincer, M. & Shaver, P. R. (Eds.), APA Handbook of Personality and Social Psychology (Vol. 3: Interpersonal Relationships, pp. 421–460). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.Google Scholar

Heine, S. J. (2016). Cultural Psychology (3rd ed.). New York: W. W. Norton.Google Scholar

Herskovits, M. J. (1955). Cultural Anthropology. New York: Knopf.Google Scholar

Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.Google Scholar

Kelley, H. H. (1979). Personal Relationships: Their Structures and Processes. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar

Kelley, H. H. (1997). The “stimulus field” for interpersonal phenomena: The source for language and thought about interpersonal events. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 1, 140–169.Google Scholar

Kelley, H. H., Berscheid, E., Christensen, A., Harvey, J. H., Huston, T. L, Levinger, G., McClintock, E., Peplau, L. A., & Peterson, D. R. (2002). Close Relationships. New York: Percheron Press. (Original work published in 1983)Google Scholar

Kelley, H. H., Holmes, J. G., Kerr, N. L., Reis, H. T., Rusbult, C. E., & Van Lange, P. A. M. (2003). An Atlas of Interpersonal Situations. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Kelley, H. H. & Thibaut, J. W. (1978). Interpersonal Relations: A Theory of Interdependence. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar

Le, B. & Agnew, C. R. (2003). Commitment and its theorized determinants: A meta-analysis of the investment model. Personal Relationships, 10, 37–57.Google Scholar

Lin, Y. H. W. & Rusbult, C. E. (1995). Commitment to dating relationships and cross-sex friendships in America and China: The impact of centrality of relationship, normative support, and investment model variables. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 12, 7–26.Google Scholar

Markus, H. R. (2008). Pride, prejudice, and ambivalence: Toward a unified theory of race and ethnicity. American Psychologist, 63, 651–670.Google Scholar

Markus, H. & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98, 224–253.Google Scholar

Maslow, A. H. (1968). Toward a Psychology of Being. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.Google Scholar

Matsumoto, D. (1999). Culture and self: An empirical assessment of Markus and Kitayama’s theory of independent and interdependent self-construals. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 2, 289–310.Google Scholar

Mills, J. & Clark, M. S. (1982). Exchange and communal relationships. In Wheeler, L. (Ed.), Review of Personality and Social Psychology (Vol. 3, pp. 121–144). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.Google Scholar

Oyserman, D., Coon, H. M., & Kemmelmeier, M. (2002). Rethinking individualism and collectivism: Evaluation of theoretical assumptions and meta-analyses. Psychological Bulletin, 128, 3–72.Google Scholar

Oyserman, D., Kemmelmeier, M., & Coon, H. M. (2002). Cultural psychology: A new look: Reply to Bond (2002), Fiske (2002), Kitayama (2002), and Miller (2002). Psychological Bulletin, 128, 110–117.Google Scholar

Pietromonaco, P. R. & Perry-Jenkins, M. (2014). Marriage in whose America? What the suffocation model misses. Psychological Inquiry, 25, 108–113.Google Scholar

Rusbult, C. E. (1980). Commitment and satisfaction in romantic associations: A test of the investment model. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 16, 172–186.Google Scholar

Rusbult, C. E. (1983). A longitudinal test of the investment model: The development (and deterioration) of satisfaction and commitment in heterosexual involvements. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 101–117.Google Scholar

Rusbult, C. E. & Agnew, C. R. (2010). Prosocial motivation and behavior in close relationships. In Mikulincer, M. & Shaver, P. R. (Eds.), Prosocial Motives, Emotions, and Behavior: The Better Angels of Our Nature (pp. 327–345). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.Google Scholar

Rusbult, C. E., Agnew, C. R., & Arriaga, X. B. (2012). The investment model of commitment processes. In Van Lange, P. A. M., Kruglanski, A. W., & Higgins, E. T. (Eds.), Handbook of Theories of Social Psychology (Vol. 2, pp. 218–231). Los Angeles: Sage.Google Scholar

Rusbult, C. E. & Arriaga, X. B. (2000). Interdependence in personal relationships. In Ickes, W. & Duck, S. (Eds.), The Social Psychology of Personal Relationships (pp. 79–108). Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar

Rusbult, C. E. & Buunk, B. P. (1993). Commitment processes in close relationships: An interdependence analysis. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 10, 175–204.Google Scholar

Rusbult, C. E., Coolsen, M. K., Kirchner, J. L., & Clarke, J. A. (2006). Commitment. In Vangelisti, A. L. & Perlman, D. (Eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Personal Relationships (pp. 615–635). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Rusbult, C. E., Drigotas, S. M., & Verette, J. (1994). The investment model: An interdependence analysis of commitment processes and relationship maintenance phenomena. In Canary, D. J. & Stafford, L. (Eds.), Communication and Relational Maintenance (pp. 115–139). San Diego: Academic Press.Google Scholar

Rusbult, C. E., Johnson, D. J., & Morrow, G. D. (1986). Predicting satisfaction and commitment in adult romantic relationships: An assessment of the generalizability of the investment model. Social Psychology Quarterly, 49, 81–89.Google Scholar

Rusbult, C. E., Martz, J. M., & Agnew, C. R. (1998). The Investment Model Scale: Measuring commitment level, satisfaction, quality of alternatives, and investment size. Personal Relationships, 5, 357–391.Google Scholar

Rusbult, C. E., Olsen, N., Davis, J. L., & Hannon, P. A. (2001). Commitment and relationship maintenance mechanisms. In Harvey, J. & Wentzel, A. (Eds.), Close Romantic Relationships: Maintenance and Enhancement (pp. 87–113). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar

Rusbult, C., Verette, J., Whitney, G., Slovik, L., & Lipkus, I. (1991). Accommodation processes in close relationships: Theory and preliminary evidence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 53–78.Google Scholar

Shweder, R. A. & Sullivan, M. (1993). Cultural psychology: Who needs it? Annual Review of Psychology, 44, 497–523.Google Scholar

Simpson, J. A., Farrell, A. K., Orina, M. M., & Rothman, A. J. (2015). Power and social influence in relationships. In Mikulincer, M. & Shaver, P. R. (Eds.), APA Handbook of Personality and Social Psychology (Vol. 3: Interpersonal relations, pp. 393–420). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.Google Scholar

Stanley, S. M. & Markman, H. J. (1992). Assessing commitment in personal relationships. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 54, 595–608.Google Scholar

Thibaut, J. W. & Kelley, H. H. (1959). The Social Psychology of Groups. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar

Triandis, H. C. (1972). The Analysis of Subjective Culture. New York: Wiley-Interscience.Google Scholar

Triandis, H. S. (1976). Variations in Black and White Perceptions of the Social Environment. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.Google Scholar

Triandis, H. C. (1989). The self and social behavior in differing cultural contexts. Psychological Review, 96, 506–520.Google Scholar

Triandis, H. C. (1995). Individualism and Collectivism. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.Google Scholar

Triandis, H. C. (1996). The psychological measurement of cultural syndromes. American Psychologist, 51, 407–415.Google Scholar

Triandis, H. C. (2004). Culture and Social Behavior. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar

Triandis, H. C., Vassiliou, V., & Nassiakou, M. (1968). Three cross-cultural studies of subjective culture. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 8, 1–42.Google Scholar

Van Lange, P. A. M. & Balliet, D. (2015). Interdependence theory. In Mikulincer, M. & Shaver, P. R. (Eds.), APA Handbook of Personality and Social Psychology (Vol. 3: Interpersonal relations, pp. 65–92). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.Google Scholar

Wesselmann, E. D., VanderDrift, L. E., & Agnew, C. R. (2016). Religious commitment: An interdependence approach. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 8, 35–45.Google Scholar

Book contents

Part I - Interdependence, Situations, and Context

Summary

Access options

References

References

References

References

References

Save book to Kindle

Save book to Dropbox

Save book to Google Drive