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4 - Membrane-Based and Emulsion-Based Intensifications

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

Laurence R. Weatherley
Laurence R. Weatherley
Affiliation:
University of Kansas
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Summary

Areas of overlap between intensification in liquid–liquid systems and membrane technology intensification are highlighted. Liquid membrane systems, supported liquid membranes, pertraction, and application to liquid–liquid coalescence are discussed. Fundamentals of emulsion formation are reviewed, including thermodynamic aspects and the importance of emulsion properties for application. The role of surfactants in emulsion stability is discussed. Characterization of emulsions and predictive methods for emulsion drop size are described. The immobilization of solvents onto hollow fiber membranes is described and the advantages of low solvent inventory and ease of phase separation are highlighted. The basic principle of application of a liquid membrane system is described, showing the generic process steps: emulsification, contact with the feed phase, emulsion breakage, and product recovery. The role of facilitated transport is also described. Different configurations are compared, including hybrid liquid membranes, polymer inclusion membranes, and colloidal liquid aphrons. Selected examples of application of liquid membrane systems are described.

Keywords

emulsionshollow fiber systemspertractionhybrid liquid membranesfacilitated transportliquid aphronsmicroextractionsupported liquid membranespolymer inclusion membranes
Type
Chapter
Information
Intensification of Liquid–Liquid Processes , pp. 130 - 166
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

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