The formation of UNICEF in 1946 was a major turning point in humanitarian aid to children, and is discussed in Chapter 7. The United Nations (UN) initiated the World Refugee Year in 1959–1960 which was based on ideas of humanitarian rights – the right to access humanitarian aid. Children formed a major part of these campaigns in fundraising and drawing on support. While UNICEF did not promote adopting, it retained the Western model of fundraising support in Southeast Asia through campaigns of aid and development. Chapter 7 considers the role of UNICEF Australia in the region during the Vietnam War. Its campaign did so by depoliticising and decontextualising war by framing child refugees in neutral terms – as objects of humanitarian assistance to attract funds worthy of pity – rather than as victims of a political conflict, which would also demand a political analysis of US and Australian foreign policy. In doing so, it constructed an altruistic humanitarianism which framed donors as a community of secular heroes and saviours.