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74 - Adoptive immunotherapy for herpesviruses

from Part VII - Vaccines and immunothgerapy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 December 2009

By
Ann M. Leen ,
Uluhan Sili ,
Catherine M. Bollard  and
Cliona M. Rooney
Edited by
Ann Arvin ,
Gabriella Campadelli-Fiume ,
Edward Mocarski ,
Patrick S. Moore ,
Bernard Roizman ,
Richard Whitley  and
Koichi Yamanishi
Ann M. Leen
Affiliation:
Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
Uluhan Sili
Affiliation:
Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
Catherine M. Bollard
Affiliation:
Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
Cliona M. Rooney
Affiliation:
Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
Ann Arvin
Affiliation:
Stanford University, California
Gabriella Campadelli-Fiume
Affiliation:
Università degli Studi, Bologna, Italy
Edward Mocarski
Affiliation:
Emory University, Atlanta
Patrick S. Moore
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh
Bernard Roizman
Affiliation:
University of Chicago
Richard Whitley
Affiliation:
University of Alabama, Birmingham
Koichi Yamanishi
Affiliation:
University of Osaka, Japan
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Summary

Introduction

Herpesvirus infections rarely cause significant problems in the immunocompetent human host. However, in the immunosuppressed, for example, recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCT) (Rooney et al., 1998), solid organ transplants (SOT), or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals, viral infections/reactivations are common and are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. The resultant uncontrolled infections correlate with a lack of cellular immunity against viral antigens (Weinberg et al., 2001). While effective antiviral drugs are available for the treatment of some herpesvirus infections, adoptive immunotherapy, which is the artificial reconstitution of virus-specific T-cells with in vitro expanded cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of herpesviruses is an attractive option. The γ-herpesvirus, Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is also associated with a heterogeneous range of malignancies and diseases that occur in apparently immunocompetent individuals and since these malignancies also express “foreign” viral antigenic targets they may also be good candidates for immunotherapy (Rickinson and Kieff, 2001). The advances in such adopt ive immunotherapeutic approaches will be discussed in this chapter.

Therapy for herpesvirus-related infections and diseases

Infectious complications relating to herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella zoster virus (VZV) (Asanuma et al., 2000), Kaposi's sarcoma virus (KSV) (Wang et al., 2000), human herpesvirus (HHV)-6, -7 (Clark, 2002; Clark et al., 2003; Clark and Griffiths, 2003), cytomegalovirus (CMV) (Michaelides et al., 2002) and EBV (Heslop et al., 1994) are common in immunocompromised individuals.

Type
Chapter
Information
Human Herpesviruses
Biology, Therapy, and Immunoprophylaxis
 , pp. 1318 - 1331
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2007

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