Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of Contributors
- 1 What is bioelectronics?
- Part I Electronic components
- Part II Biosensors
- Part III Fuel cells
- Part IV Biomimetic systems
- Part V Bionics
- Part VI Brain interfaces
- 27 Introduction to brain–machine interfaces
- 28 ECG technology for the brain–machine interface
- 29 Reducing the implant footprint: low-area neural recording
- 30 Electrical stimulation
- 31 Biological channel modeling and implantable UWB antenna design for neural recording systems
- 32 Intracranial epilepsy monitoring using wireless neural recording systems
- 33 Low-power building blocks for neural recording systems
- 34 CMOS circuits for intracellular brain–machine interfaces
- Part VII Lab-on-a-chip
- Part VIII Future perspectives
- Index
- References
32 - Intracranial epilepsy monitoring using wireless neural recording systems
from Part VI - Brain interfaces
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 September 2015
Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of Contributors
- 1 What is bioelectronics?
- Part I Electronic components
- Part II Biosensors
- Part III Fuel cells
- Part IV Biomimetic systems
- Part V Bionics
- Part VI Brain interfaces
- 27 Introduction to brain–machine interfaces
- 28 ECG technology for the brain–machine interface
- 29 Reducing the implant footprint: low-area neural recording
- 30 Electrical stimulation
- 31 Biological channel modeling and implantable UWB antenna design for neural recording systems
- 32 Intracranial epilepsy monitoring using wireless neural recording systems
- 33 Low-power building blocks for neural recording systems
- 34 CMOS circuits for intracellular brain–machine interfaces
- Part VII Lab-on-a-chip
- Part VIII Future perspectives
- Index
- References
Summary
Introduction
“How does the brain work?” This question, which has been asked throughout the history of mankind, is addressed by all branches of science, in particular life sciences, from different perspectives. Although all seek a different answer, the common feature that triggers the research is observation. This, together with curiosity, is what makes the beginning of a scientific study. From the electrical engineering perspective, observations are performed by recording the electrical signals generated by the neurons and interpreting the results. These interpretations guide the research of scientists who are trying to map the brain, or to understand the mechanisms behind neurological disorders, or to implement brain–machine interfaces [1]. Methods for recording the neural signals have evolved to the current state over decades, and the evolution still goes on. This chapter introduces the main concepts of the new-generation neural recording systems: implantable wireless neural recording systems with a case study on in vivo epilepsy monitoring.
Current clinical practice in recording electrical activities of the brain is dominated by electroencephalography (EEG) which is a non-invasive procedure performed along the scalp. Another type of EEG, intracranial EEG (iEEG; also known as electrocorticography, ECoG), is an invasive procedure which is performed by placing an electrode matrix (or array) onto the cortex following the craniotomy as presented in Figure 32.1 [2]. Intracranial EEG is employed for epileptic focus localization prior to the resective surgery [3] which is performed to treat certain types of epilepsy. New-generation neural recording systems [4] aim to alter two main features of conventional iEEG: (1) macro-sized iEEG electrodes will be replaced with microelectrode arrays (MEA) fabricated with microtechnology, and (2) transcutaneous wires carrying neural information will be eliminated thanks to wireless data communication.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Handbook of BioelectronicsDirectly Interfacing Electronics and Biological Systems, pp. 389 - 399Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2015
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