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9 - CNT and proteins for bioelectronics in personalized medicine

from Part II - Biosensors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 September 2015

By
Andrea Cavallini ,
Cristina Boero ,
Giovanni De Micheli  and
Sandro Carrara
Edited by
Sandro Carrara  and
Krzysztof Iniewski
Andrea Cavallini
Affiliation:
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Cristina Boero
Affiliation:
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Giovanni De Micheli
Affiliation:
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Sandro Carrara
Affiliation:
EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
Sandro Carrara
Affiliation:
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Krzysztof Iniewski
Affiliation:
Redlen Technologies Inc., Canada
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Summary

From their discovery, CNTs have increasingly attracted interest because of their peculiar electrical, mechanical, and chemical properties. In 1991, Sumio Iijima first observed and described in detail the atomic arrangement of this new type of carbon structure [1]. By a technique used for fullerene synthesis, he produced needle-like tubes at the cathode of an arc-discharge evaporator. From that time, carbon nanotubes have been used for many applications and represent one of the most typical building blocks used in nanotechnology. Their peculiarities include unique properties of field emission and electronic transport, higher mechanical strength with respect to other materials, and interesting chemical features.

The use of CNTs has recently gained momentum in the development of electrochemical biosensors, since their utilization can create devices with enhanced sensitivity and detection limit capable of detecting compounds in concentrations comparable to those present in the human body.

This chapter will review the most important features of carbon nanotubes, and present an example in which their application can enhance the detection of drugs and metabolites relevant in personalized medicine: P450 biosensors for therapeutic drug monitoring.

Overview

Carbon is a very interesting element, since it can assume several stable molecular structures. Any molecule entirely composed of carbon is called a fullerene.

Type
Chapter
Information
Handbook of Bioelectronics
Directly Interfacing Electronics and Biological Systems
 , pp. 109 - 121
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2015

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