The Civil Wars and Interregnum did not change the English polity into a constitutional monarchy. The Restoration Settlement restored both the powers and the problems which had existed in 1641. Only the memory of ‘the world turned upside down’ and Charles II’s politicking prevented renewed breakdown for some years. It was not surprising that religion played a major role in these events, for it was a historic flashpoint between crown and parliament. As the previous chapter has shown, many Tudor and early Stuart MPs and common lawyers asserted that statute and common law as well as royal prerogative governed the church, canons, and convocation. Such claims often derived from men who sought further reformation and in the 1640s they had their way.