Figures
2.2Worldwide mineral exploration expenditure (US $ bn) by commodity, 1994–2017
2.4Worldwide mining technologies as share of technologies, 1991–2015
2.8Distribution of mining technologies in subsectors by period, 1990–2015
2.10Mining production and innovation by country, selected countries
2.13Mining relative specialization index (RSI), selected countries
2.15Number of mining patents families over the years by type of stakeholder
2.17Patent families of mining firms by WIPO technology field
3.1Ownership profile of (large) mining firms. Largest 100 mining companies based on operating revenues (distribution based on number of firms)
3.7The ownership profile of the top 100 applicants of mining patents Number of applications in the period 1990–2015, share to total
3.8Internationalization of patent activity: evidence from WIPO patent statistics
3.10Policy recommendations: linking analysis and practice for impact
4.1Reserves of key minerals by countries’ income level (2015, %)
4.3Number of mining patent families, by country of origin (2004, 2014)
4.4Mining GVC firms and patents by type of firm and region (2004, 2014)
5.3Average commodity and transportation costs for US coal (2008–14)
5.4Historical change in transport-related innovation (1900–2015)
5.5Country of origin of mining transport patents (1990–2015)
5.10Which sectors make use of mining transport technologies?
6.1Number of clean mining patents over time in total sample (left panel) and share of clean patents among all mining patents (right panel)
7.1Private R&D expenditure in mining and quarrying in EU countries and World Bank Metals and Minerals Price Index
7.2Mineral exploration expenditure by commodity and nonferrous metals price index
7.3De-trended Metals and Minerals Price Index and different cycles components
7.4Number of patent families and R&D expenditure in the mining sector
7.6Mining and METS firms innovation relative specialization, by country and mining technology
7.7Mining price, quantity and innovation co-evolution (1960–2015)
7.8Mining price, quantity and innovation cycle decomposition (1960–2015)
7.9Average marginal effect of long cycle component of price index on innovation with 95% confidence intervals
7.10Average marginal effect of medium cycle component of price index on innovation with 95% confidence intervals
7.11Average marginal effect of short cycle component of price index on innovation with 95% confidence intervals
8.2Innovative activities developed by extractive companies and degree of importance
8.5Mining patents filed by METS, by country of origin (2000–15)
8.9Leading suppliers, by country of provision of the contract (2000–15)
9.2Sales (frequency distribution, excluding the largest four firms)
9.3Employees (frequency distribution, excluding the largest four firms)
9.5Do IP registration costs affect protection decisions in Chile?
9.7IP instruments of apparent interest to potential exporters
10.3USPTO-granted patents in mineral mining (three-year moving average by filing year)
10.4USPTO-granted patents in mineral mining separated into safety-related and non-safety-related groups (three-year moving average by filing year)
10.5USPTO-granted patents in mineral mining for refuge chambers and TTE communications
10.6Schematic diagram of a wall-to-wall barrier in a passageway of a mine
10.7Through-the-earth (TTE) emergency tracking and communication system
10.8Distributions of similarity scores for NIOSH granted patents in four mutually exclusive groups (mineral mining, safety-related mineral mining, TTE communications and refuge chambers)
11.1Canadian patenting activity in the mining sector between 1990 and 2015
11.2Top Canadian mining firms and METS and their associated mining sector category, 1990–2015
11.3Priority country share for top Canadian mining firms and METS
11.4Priority country share for all Canadian mining firms and METS
11.5All mining patent families assigned to Canadian mining firms and METS
11.6Canadian patenting activity by mining category between 1990 and 2015
11.8Patent families assigned to Canadian assignees in the exploration category
11.9Collaborations and their distribution by mining sector category between 1990 and 2015
12.1Patent families of Australian origin, by priority year, 1997–2015
12.5Patent filings by Australians, by mining technology, by priority year, 1997–2015
12.6Jurisdictions in which Australian innovators seek patent protection
12.10Mining sector expenditure in the R&D Tax Incentive, 2000–1 to 2015–16
12.11Mining sector companies by entity size, 2000–01 to 2015–16
12.12Comparison of mining sector industry subdivision trends under the R&D Tax Incentive by industry subdivision, 2000–1 to 2015–16
12.13.Mining sector R&D expenditure and patent filings for R&D Tax Incentive companies, 2000–01 to 2015–16
12.14Mining sector performance under the R&D Tax Incentive by State and Territory, 2000–1 to 2015–16
12.15Patent filings into Australia, by priority year, 1997–2015
12.17Mining sector profits as a share of nominal GDP, 1997–2015
12.18Australian investment in mining as a percentage of GDP, 1997–2015
12.21Top applicants filing patents into Australia in the mining sector
12.22International collaboration on patent filings into Australia in the mining sector
12.23Collaboration on patent filings into Australia in the mining sector by technology
12.24Collaboration on patent filings into Australia by technology by country
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