This volume brings together studies from diverse academic disciplines around a central, unifying question: how was the future of Rome, both near and distant in time, imagined by different populations living under the Roman Empire? The volume originates in a conference in Tel Aviv (2013), titled “The Future of Rome: Roman, Greek, Jewish and Christian Perspectives.” Scholars of Greek and Roman history and literature, Jewish history and thought, and early Christian history and thought, were asked the question about the future of Rome in relation to the people and texts they study; thus it was refracted through contemporary but disparate (and not perforce mutually informative or interactive) literary and religious traditions. One of the remarkable results of the conference was the realization that practically no one living under Rome’s rule, including the Romans themselves, did not think about the question in one form or another.