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  3. Functional Neuroimaging in Child Psychiatry
  • Cited by 11
Publisher:
Cambridge University Press
Online publication date:
January 2010
Print publication year:
2000
Online ISBN:
9780511470998
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511470998
Subjects:
Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Neurology and Clinical Neuroscience, Medicine, Psychiatry
Information

Book description

This 2000 publication reviews the rapid development of functional neuroimaging techniques and their implications for child psychiatry. It is unusual in its focus on children, and in integrating brain mapping with genetics and behavioural testing. This reference will help clinicians and investigators to:Understand through imaging the mechanisms of childhood psychiatric disordersDecide which technique is most appropriate for their purposes, with respect to technology, experimental design, data analysis and ethical considerationsAppreciate the role of molecular genetics and neuropsychology in planning brain imaging studiesCoverage includes description of brain imaging strategies and the application to children of imaging techniques used in adults, set against an overview of normal behavioural and cognitive development. Linking the latest findings from neuroimaging to neurophysiological models, this is an essential resource for researchers and clinicians concerned with neurodevelopmental disorders.

Reviews

Review of the hardback:‘This book will be of great use to doctors, researchers and teachers and as it is known the brain does not reach maturity until about the age of 20 it implies a maturing concept … This very clear, current and rigourous work brings psychiatry and neurology to its origins.’

Dr J. M. Sala Source: European Journal of Psychiatry

Review of the hardback:'Every professional and novice in functional neuroimaging will benefit from these authors' insightful reflections on the caveats and dangers involved in interpreting functional neruoimaging … Functional Neuroimaging in Child Psychiatry is an interesting, informative and comprehensive textbook on the subject; worthwhile reading for the lay reader, the novice and the expert.'

Source: Cognitive Neuropsychiatry

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Contents

Page 2 of 2

Contents
  • 21 - Utility of CANTAB in functional neuroimaging
    pp 366-378
  • View abstract

    Summary

    This chapter describes the design, theoretical rationale, and validation of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). The utility of the battery for functional neuroimaging studies is examined, based on its links with animal neuropsychological research, its decomposition of complex tests of cognition into their constituent parts, and its validation in patient groups with defined brain lesions. The CANTAB has now been used quite extensively in the testing of patients with Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia. Two CANTAB tests specifically target spatial working memory functions, the spatial span and the self-ordered spatial working memory tasks. Both have been used in the context of positron emission tomography (PET) scanning to resolve a number of theoretical issues concerning the organization of working memory within the frontal lobe. In the CANTAB, short-term visual recognition memory is assessed using the delayed-matching-to-sample (DMTS) task.
  • 22 - Neurodevelopmental assessment of cognitive function using CANTAB: validation and future goals
    pp 379-397
  • View abstract

    Summary

    The Cambridge Neuropsychological Testing Automated Battery (CANTAB) is useful for the evaluation of frontal and temporal lobe dysfunction in adults with acquired lesions. The primary measures of frontal lobe function within the CANTAB battery task are spatial working memory, a self-guided search task; the Tower of London, a test of planning and behavioral inhibition; and the intradimensional/extradimensional set-shifting task, which measures the ability to shift cognitive response sets both within and across categories. CANTAB measures temporal lobe recognition memory functions through delayed-match-to-sample (DMTS) recognition memory tasks. Three other CANTAB tasks such as motor screening task, spatial span task and pattern recognition are treated as controls for the frontal lobe-mediated behavioral functions that are of primary interest. This chapter talks about the clinical validation of CANTAB in children with neurologic disorders and strategies for validation of CANTAB in childhood assessment.
  • 23 - Functional neuroimaging in child psychiatry: future directions
    pp 398-407
  • View abstract

    Summary

    This chapter highlights the findings and hypotheses emerging from recent functional neuroimaging studies in both children and adults. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is recognized as a highly prevalent and potentially lifelong disorder and is probably the childhood psychiatric disorder most studied in children and adolescents using functional neuroimaging to date. Symptom patterns of ADHD are known to change across the lifespan, from childhood into adolescence into adulthood. The chapter proposes several areas of need specific to the investigation of children that are fundamental to the successful application of neuroimaging in child psychiatry. These areas include the collection of age-related normative data relevant to indices of brain function at rest and during task performance. It also includes the development of age-appropriate brain atlases and the prioritization of research questions in this extraordinary burgeoning field. The chapter outlines the future directions in neuroimaging research in child psychiatry.

Page 2 of 2

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