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Regular cliques in graphs and special 1½ designs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 April 2013

A. Neumaier
Affiliation:
Albert-Ludwigs-Universität
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Summary

Many strongly regular graphs constructed from designs contain cliques with the property that every point not in the clique is adjacent to the same number of points of the clique. In the first section we give some examples and investigate various properties of such regular cliques. In particular, parameter relations and inequalities are discussed. Section two defines special 1½ designs as a certain class of designs with connection numbers 0 and Λ, generalizing partial geometries. Notable examples of special 1½-designs are transversal designs and classical polar spaces. It is shown that the point graph of a special 1½-design is strongly regular, and the blocks are regular cliques in the point graph.

As applications we reprove a result of Higman on partial geometries with isomorphic point graphs, and improve an inequality of Cameron and Drake concerning the parameters of partial Λ- geometries.

REGULAR CLIQUES

In this paper, all graphs are finite, undirected, without loops or multiple edges. A strongly regular graph (SRG) is a graph with v vertices (or points) such that

(Rl) every vertex is adjacent to k other vertices;

(R2) the number of vertices adjacent to two adjacent vertices is always ʎ;

(R3) the number of vertices adjacent to two nonadjacent vertices is always μ.

A graph is called regular, respectively edge-regular, if only (Rl), respectively (Rl) and (R2) holds. A clique C (i.e. a complete subgraph) is called regular if every point not in C is adjacent to the same number e > 0 of points in C; we call e the nexus of C. Of course, C is a maximal clique unless e equals the size of C.

Type
Chapter
Information
Finite Geometries and Designs
Proceedings of the Second Isle of Thorns Conference 1980
, pp. 244 - 259
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 1981

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