The fourth part offers three specific case studies of the application of transitional justice processes using different methodologies. Muftić and Rašić employ an empirical lens to consider the issue of gender integration and the police in postconflict Bosnia Herzegovina. They gather data examining women's participation as agents of change in comparison with the role of their male colleagues in the process.

Haynes examines the impact of neoliberalism in the context of human trafficking. She uses the example of the Arizona Market to demonstrate the negative impact politico-economic engineering can have when undertaken during the early phases of post-conflict reconstruction.

Finally, Goldscheid provides a comparison of the reform processes in the US and South Africa for addressing the ways in which gender violence impacts survivors’ abilities to find and remain in employment. It examines with a special focus on South Africa how specific reforms are very advanced tools which have the potential to help victims of domestic or sexual violence but how in reality they are very difficult to apply because of the economic, social, and legal gaps that are wide open in these societies.