Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-03T13:34:25.708Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

5 - Video-linking emotions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2012

By
Brian Parkinson  and
Martin Lea
Edited by
Arvid Kappas  and
Nicole C. Krämer
Brian Parkinson
Affiliation:
University of Oxford, UK
Martin Lea
Affiliation:
University of Manchester, UK
Arvid Kappas
Affiliation:
Jacobs University Bremen
Nicole C. Krämer
Affiliation:
Universität Duisburg–Essen
Get access

Summary

Overview: How does video mediation influence communication of affective information? In the present chapter, we review the range of possible constraints associated with the video medium and consider their potential impact on transmission and coordination of emotions. In particular, we focus on the effects of transmission delays on interpersonal attunement. Results of a preliminary investigation of this issue are described. In the study, pairs of participants discussed liked and disliked celebrities via a desktop videoconferencing system. In one condition, the system was set up in its normal mode, producing a transmission delay of approximately 200 ms (high delay). In the other condition, transmission was close to instantaneous (low delay). Dependent measures included evaluative ratings of the celebrities and of the other party in the conversation and video-cued momentary codings of the interaction. Participants rated the extent of communication difficulties as greater in the normal than in the low-delay condition, but did not specifically focus on delay itself as the source of the problem. Low-delay pairs also showed greater accuracy and lower bias in their momentary ratings of attunement and involvement over the course of the conversation. Finally, there was greater convergence of affect when participants discussed mutually disliked celebrities, but greater divergence of affect when they were talking about celebrities liked by one party to the conversation but disliked by the other. […]

Type
Chapter
Information
Face-to-Face Communication over the Internet
Emotions in a Web of Culture, Language, and Technology
 , pp. 100 - 126
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Argyle, M. and Dean, J. (1965). Eye-contact, distance and affiliation. Sociometry, 28, 289–304.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bavelas, J. B., Black, A., Lemery, C. R., and Mullett, J. (1986). “I show how you feel”: motor mimicry as a communicative act. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 322–329.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beattie, G. W. (1978). Floor apportionment and gaze in conversational dyads. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 17, 7–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beattie, G. W. (1979). Contextual constraints on the floor-apportionment function of speaker-gaze in dyadic conversations. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 18, 391–392.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bernieri, F. J., Davis, J. M., Rosenthal, R., and Knee, C. R. (1994). Interactional synchrony and rapport: measuring synchrony in displays devoid of sound and facial affect. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20, 303–311.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bernieri, F. J. and Rosenthal, R. (1991). Coordinated movement in human interaction. In Feldman, R. S. and Rimé, B. (eds), Fundamentals of Nonverbal Behavior (pp. 401–431). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Biocca, F. (1997). The cyborg's dilemma: progressive embodiment in virtual environments. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 3(2). www.ascusc.org/jcmc/vol3/issue2/biocca2.html.Google Scholar
Biocca, F. (2001). Inserting the presence of mind into a philosophy of presence: a response to Sheridan and Mantovani and Riva. Presence, 10, 546–556.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biocca, F. and Nowak, K. (2001). Plugging your body into the telecommunication system: mediated embodiment, media interfaces, and social virtual environments. In Lin, C. and Atkin, D. (Eds.), Communication Technology and Society (pp. 407–447). Waverly Hill, VI: Hampton Press.Google Scholar
Bonas, K. S. and Komorita, S. S. (1996). Group discussion and cooperation in social dilemmas. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22, 1144–1150.Google Scholar
Brittan, D. (1992). Being there: the promise of multimedia communications. Technology Review, 95, 42–50.Google Scholar
Broglio, R. and Guynup, S. (2003). Beyond human: avatar as multimedia expression. Virtual Storytelling, Proceedings: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2897, 120–123.Google Scholar
Bruce, V. (1996). The role of the face in communication: implications for videophone design. Interacting with Computers, 8, 166–176.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chapman, L. J. and Chapman, J. P. (1967). Genesis of popular but erroneous psychodiagnostic observations. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 72, 193–204.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chartrand, T. L. and Bargh, J. A. (1999). The chameleon effect: the perception-behaviour link and social interaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76, 893–910.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, H. H. and Brennan, S. E. (1991). Grounding in communication. In Resnick, L. B., Levine, J., and Teasley, S. D. (eds), Perspectives in Socially Shared Cognition (pp. 127–149). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Condon, W. S. (1982). Cultural microrhythms. In Davis, M. (ed.), Interaction Rhythms: Periodicity in Communicative Behavior (pp. 53–76). New York: Human Sciences Press.Google Scholar
Daft, R. L. and Lengel, R. H. (1984). Information richness: a new approach to managerial behavior and organizational design. Research in Organizational Behavior, 6, 191–233.Google Scholar
Daly-Jones, O., Monk, A., and Watts, L. (1998). Some advantages of video conferencing over high-quality audio conferencing: fluency and awareness of attentional focus. International Journal of Human–Computer Studies, 49, 21–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rivera, J. H. (1977). A Structural Theory of the Emotions. Psychological Issues Monograph 40 (169 pp.). New York: International Universities Press.Google Scholar
Doherty-Sneddon, G., Anderson, A., O'Malley, C., Langton, S., Garrod, S., and Bruce, V. (1997). Face-to-face and video-mediated communication: a comparison of dialogue structure and task performance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 3, 105–125.Google Scholar
Ekman, P. (2001). Telling Lies: Clues to Deceit in the Marketplace, Politics, and Marriage (3rd edn.). New York: W. W. Norton & Company.Google Scholar
Ekman, P. and Friesen, W. V. (1969). Nonverbal leakage and clues to deception. Psychiatry, 32, 88–106.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ekman, P. and Friesen, W. V. (1978). The Facial Action Coding System (FACS): A Technique for the Measurement of Facial Action. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.Google Scholar
Fogel, A. (1993). Developing Through Relationships. New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf.Google Scholar
Fridlund, A. (1994). Human Facial Expression: An Evolutionary View. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Fulk, J., Steinfield, C. W., Schmitz, J. A., and Power, J. G. (1987). A social information processing model of media use in organizations. Communication Research, 14, 529–552.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gagne, F. M. and Lydon, J. E. (2004). Bias and accuracy in close relationships: an integrative review. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 8, 322–338.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gibson, J. J. (1979). The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Goodwin, C. (1980). Re-starts, pauses, and the achievement of a state of mutual gaze at turn-beginning. Sociological Inquiry, 50, 272–302.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goodwin, C. (1981). Conversational Organization: Interaction Between Speakers and Hearers. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Gottman, J. M. and Levenson, R. W. (1985). A valid procedure for obtaining self-report of affect in marital interaction. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 53, 151–160.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grammer, K., Kruck, K. B., and Magnusson, M. S. (1998). The courtship dance: Patterns of nonverbal synchronization in opposite-sex encounters. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 22, 3–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hall, E. T. (1966). The Hidden Dimension. New York: Doubleday.Google Scholar
Heath, C. and Luff, P. (1992). Media space and communicative asymmetries: preliminary observations of video-mediated interaction. Human–Computer Interaction, 7, 315–346.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Isaacs, E. A. and Tang, J. C. (1994). What video can and cannot do for collaboration: a case study. Multimedia Systems, 2, 63–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Joinson, A. N. (2003). Understanding the Psychology of Internet Behaviour: Virtual Worlds, Real Lives. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Kendon, A. (1967). Some functions of gaze direction in social interaction. Acta Psychologica, 26, 100–125.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kendon, A. (1973). The role of visible behaviour in the organization of social interaction. In Cranach, M. and Vine, I. (eds), Social Communication and Movement (pp. 29–74). London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Kiesler, S., Siegel, J., and McGuire, T. W. (1984). Social psychological aspects of computer-mediated communication. American Psychologist, 39, 1123–1134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krauss, R. M. and Fussell, S. R. (1990). Mutual knowledge and communicative effectiveness. In Galegher, J., Kraut, R. E., and Egido, C. (eds), Intellectual Teamwork: Social and Technological Foundations of Cooperative Work (pp. 111–145). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Lea, M. and Giordano, R. (1997). Representations of the group and group processes in CSCW research: a case of premature closure? In Bowker, G. C., Star, S. L., Turner, W., and Gasser, L. (eds), Social Science, Technical Systems and Cooperative Work: Beyond the Great Divide (pp. 5–26). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Lea, M. and Spears, R. (1991). Computer-mediated communication, de-individuation and group decision-making. International Journal of Man–Machine Studies, 39, 283–301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lea, M. and Spears, R. (1995). Love at first byte? Building personal relationships over computer networks. In Wood, J. T. and Duck, S. (eds), Under-Studied Relationships: Off the Beaten Track (pp. 197–233). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Leary, M. R., Landel, J. L., and Patton, K. M. (1996). The motivated expression of embarrassment following a self-presentational predicament. Journal of Personality, 64, 619–636.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lombard, M. and Ditton, T. (1997). At the heart of it all: the concept of presence. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 3(2). www.ascusu.org/jcmc/vol3/issue2/lombard.html.Google Scholar
Mallon, R. and Oppenheim, C. (2002). Style used in electronic mail. Aslib Proceedings, 54, 8–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Markus, M. L. (1994). Finding a happy medium: explaining the negative effects of electronic communication on social life at work. ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 12, 119–149.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matarazzo, G. and Sellen, A. (2000). The value of video in work at a distance: addition or distraction?Behaviour and Information Technology, 19, 339–348.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCoy, N. L. and Pitino, L. (2002). Pheromonal influences on sociosexual behavior in young women. Physiology and Behavior, 75, 367–375.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nagy, E. and Molnár, P. (2004). Homo imitans or homo provocans? Human imprinting model of neonatal imitation. Infant Behavior and Development, 27, 54–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Olson, J. S., Olson, G. M., and Meader, D. K. (1995). What mix of audio and video is useful for remote real-time work?Proceedings of the Conference on Human Factors in Computing Science (pp. 33–45). Denver, CO: Academic Press.Google Scholar
O'Malley, C., Langton, S., Anderson, A., Doherty-Sneddon, G., and Bruce, V. (1996). Comparison of face-to-face and video-mediated interaction. Interacting with Computers, 8, 177–192.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parkinson, B. (1996). Emotions are social. British Journal of Psychology, 87, 663–683.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Parkinson, B. (2001). Anger on and off the road. British Journal of Psychology, 92, 507–526.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Parkinson, B. (2005). Do facial movements express emotions or communicate motives?Personality and Social Psychology Review, 9, 278–311.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Parkinson, B., Fischer, A. H., and Manstead, A. S. R. (2005). Emotion in Social Relations: Cultural, Group, and Interpersonal Processes. New York: Psychology Press.Google Scholar
Patterson, M. L. (1996). Social behavior and social cognition: a parallel process approach. In Nye, J. L. and Brower, A. M. (eds), What's Social About Social Cognition? (pp. 87–105). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Reddy, V. (2000). Coyness in early infancy. Developmental Science, 3, 186–192.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Russell, J. A. and Fernández-Dols, J. M. (eds) (1997). The Psychology of Facial Expression. Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rutter, D. R. (1987). Communicating by Telephone. Elmsford, NY: Pergamon.Google Scholar
Sacks, H., Schegloff, E., and Jefferson, G. (1974). A simplest systematics for the organization of turn-taking in conversation. Language, 50, 696–735.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Short, J., Williams, E., and Christie, B. (1976). The Social Psychology of Telecommunications. London: Wiley.Google Scholar
Sommer, R. (1965). Further studies of small group ecology. Sociometry, 28, 337–348.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sorce, J. F., Emde, R. N., Campos, J., and Klinnert, M. D. (1985). Maternal emotional signaling: its effect on the visual cliff behavior of 1 year olds. Developmental Psychology, 21, 195–200.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tang, J. C. and Isaacs, E. (1992). Why do users like video? Studies of multi-media supported collaboration. Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, 1, 19–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walther, J. B., Anderson, J. F., and Park, D. (1994). Interpersonal effects in computer-mediated interaction: a meta-analysis of social and anti-social communication. Communication Research, 21, 460–487.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watts, L., Monk, A., and Daly-Jones, O. (1996). Inter-personal awareness and synchronization: assessing the value of communication technologies. International Journal of Human–Computer Studies, 44, 849–873.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wichman, H. (1975). Effects of isolation and communication on cooperation in a two-person game. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 16, 114–120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×