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11 - Bioluminescence-based fungal biosensors

from IV - Fungal bioremediation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 October 2013

By
H. J. Weitz
Edited by
G. D. Robson ,
Pieter van West  and
Geoffrey Gadd
H. J. Weitz
Affiliation:
School of Biological Sciences Cruickshank Building University of Aberdeen Aberdeen AB24 3UU UK
G. D. Robson
Affiliation:
University of Manchester
Pieter van West
Affiliation:
University of Aberdeen
Geoffrey Gadd
Affiliation:
University of Dundee
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Summary

Introduction

To apply suitable bioremediation techniques, an understanding of the physical, chemical and biological attributes of an environmental matrix is required. Effective bioremediation is based on optimizing these attributes to enhance the biodegradation of target pollutants. Fundamental to these processes is the concept of bioavailability and bioaccessibility of these pollutants at a suitable and relevant scale (Alexander, 2000; Semple et al., 2004). Environmental analyses are still based on chemical approaches that usually require an exhaustive extraction step prior to chromatographic analysis. This extracted fraction is commonly modelled to assess the portion that may cause harm to a particular target receptor. It is widely acknowledged that modelled values may be appropriate for human risk assessment (though inherently conservative) but yield little information for hazard assessment in a wider ecological or environmental context (Alexander, 2000). Many authors have demonstrated that chemical analysis alone does not provide information regarding the bioavailable fraction of compounds nor about their effects on selected biological receptors (Power et al., 1998; Hansen & Sørensen, 2001; Belkin, 2003; Paton & Killham, 2003). Biological assays are able to complement chemical analysis by considering the effects of all pollutants present in a sample, including those not detected by chemical analysis or those unable to be fitted in a model. Bioassays are used for monitoring the progress of bioremediation because they determine the bioavailable fraction of compounds that in part determines the biodegradability of a compound (Hansen & Sørensen, 2001; Paton & Killham, 2003). However, Semple et al.

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Information
Exploitation of Fungi , pp. 187 - 204
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2007

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