Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Editor biographies
- List of Contributors
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- Section I Foundations of Executive Function/Dysfunction
- Section II Executive Dysfunction in the Neurodevelopmental and Acquired Disorders
- Introduction to Section II
- Chapter 5 Executive functions in disruptive behavior disorders
- Chapter 6 Executive functions in autism spectrum disorders
- Chapter 7 Executive functions in intellectual disability syndromes
- Chapter 8 Executive functions in pediatric movement and motor control disorders
- Chapter 9 Executive functions in learning disorders
- Chapter 10 Executive functions in mood and anxiety disorders
- Chapter 11 Executive functions in childhood epilepsy
- Chapter 12 Executive functions in pediatric cancer
- Chapter 13 Executive functions in HIV
- Chapter 14 Executive functions and neurotoxic exposure
- Chapter 15 Executive functions after congenital and prenatal insults
- Chapter 16 Executive functions in acquired brain injury
- Section III Applications
- Appendix 1 Abbreviations used in the book
- Appendix 2 Tests/tasks referenced in the book
- Index
- References
Chapter 16 - Executive functions in acquired brain injury
from Section II - Executive Dysfunction in the Neurodevelopmental and Acquired Disorders
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 October 2012
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Editor biographies
- List of Contributors
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- Section I Foundations of Executive Function/Dysfunction
- Section II Executive Dysfunction in the Neurodevelopmental and Acquired Disorders
- Introduction to Section II
- Chapter 5 Executive functions in disruptive behavior disorders
- Chapter 6 Executive functions in autism spectrum disorders
- Chapter 7 Executive functions in intellectual disability syndromes
- Chapter 8 Executive functions in pediatric movement and motor control disorders
- Chapter 9 Executive functions in learning disorders
- Chapter 10 Executive functions in mood and anxiety disorders
- Chapter 11 Executive functions in childhood epilepsy
- Chapter 12 Executive functions in pediatric cancer
- Chapter 13 Executive functions in HIV
- Chapter 14 Executive functions and neurotoxic exposure
- Chapter 15 Executive functions after congenital and prenatal insults
- Chapter 16 Executive functions in acquired brain injury
- Section III Applications
- Appendix 1 Abbreviations used in the book
- Appendix 2 Tests/tasks referenced in the book
- Index
- References
Summary
Acquired brain injury (ABI) in children and adolescents can have many causes, including trauma, CNS infections like HIV (see Chapter 13), non-infectious disorders (epilepsy – see Chapter 11, hypoxia/ischemia, genetic/metabolic disorders – see Chapter 7), tumors (see Chapter 12), and stroke or other vascular abnormalities. Identifying prognostic factors after brain injury is vital, in order to optimize interventions and provide appropriate education to family or caregivers for future planning. In children, early prediction of outcomes is critical, because targeted interventions must focus on assisting the child in re-gaining lost skills, and also promoting ongoing development. Predictors of outcome may differ depending on age, making generalization of adult findings to children difficult.
EF is commonly impacted after ABI, and researchers have identified multiple factors associated with better or worse EF, including variables related to the mechanism of injury, post-injury factors, and pre-injury or demographic factors. Many of the etiologies of ABI are covered in other chapters; as such, this chapter will focus on EF after traumatic, anoxic/hypoxic, and vascular causes of ABI.
Traumatic brain injury
While there are many causes of ABI in children, traumatic brain injury (TBI) is by far the most common. More than 450,000 children under the age of 14 years are admitted to the emergency department each year for TBI. As a result, the largest body of research examining EF after ABI in children focuses on TBI.
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- Chapter
- Information
- Executive Function and DysfunctionIdentification, Assessment and Treatment, pp. 198 - 208Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2012