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15 - Aquatic Phototrophs and the Greenhouse Effect

from Part III - The Future

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 October 2024

By
John Beardall  and
John A. Raven
Edited by
Mario Giordano ,
John Beardall ,
John A. Raven  and
Stephen C. Maberly
Mario Giordano
Affiliation:
Università degli Studi di Ancona, Italy
John Beardall
Affiliation:
Monash University, Victoria
John A. Raven
Affiliation:
University of Dundee
Stephen C. Maberly
Affiliation:
UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster
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Summary

Increases in atmospheric CO2 expected over the next century will cause further global warming and further increases in the CO2 concentration in water bodies and, by equilibration of CO2 with HCO3− - CO32− - H+, increased HCO3− and H+ and decreased CO32−. Warming increases stratification and shoaling of the thermocline; this decreases the supply of nutrients regenerated in deep waters to the upper mixed layer across the thermocline, and increases mean photosynthetically active and UV radiation in the upper mixed layer. Taken separately, these changes can have profound changes on the performance of algae and, because of differences among taxa, in the species composition of primary producer populations. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that the effects of individual components of global change cannot be used as useful predictors of what will happen to aquatic ecosystems into the future and that studies need to take more cognisance of the interactive effects between such factors. There is evidence for genetic adaptation, as well as phenotypic acclimation, in algae exposed to either elevated CO2 or increased temperature. Our understanding of the effects on global change requires further studies into the genetic and acclimation responses of algae exposed to combinations of changed environmental factors.

Keywords

acclimationcalcificationelevated carbon dioxideevolutiongrowthmacrophytesphotosynthesisphytoplanktonpopulation structuretemperature
Type
Chapter
Information
Evolutionary Physiology of Algae and Aquatic Plants , pp. 295 - 314
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

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