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14 - Pharyngeal Remodelling in Vertebrate Evolution

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 December 2018

By
Anthony Graham  and
Victoria Shone
Edited by
Zerina Johanson ,
Charlie Underwood  and
Martha Richter
Zerina Johanson
Affiliation:
Natural History Museum, London
Charlie Underwood
Affiliation:
Birkbeck, University of London
Martha Richter
Affiliation:
Natural History Museum, London
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Summary

The pharynx is an important and intricate region of the body that has its developmental origin in a series of bulges found on the lateral surface of the embryonic head, the pharyngeal arches and these are a defining feature of vertebrate embryos. However, during evolution, the pharynx has also undergone extensive modifications, and these are particularly marked at three key transitions: the emergence of the vertebrates, the gnathostomes and the tetrapods. At each of these junctures the pharynx was extensively remodelled and mechanistic insights into how this was achieved can be gleaned from comparative analyses of pharyngeal development. In this chapter, we discuss the complex development of the pharynx. We consider the commonalities and differences between the pharyngeal region of vertebrates and other deuterostomes. We highlight the importance of early developmental events in the pharyngeal endoderm for laying down the fundamental organisation of this region, including the number of segments formed. Finally, we consider how the remodelling of the pharynx and the loss of pharyngeal segmentation from the adult form was achieved with the tetrapods. Overall, in this chapter we highlight the conserved and derived aspects of pharyngeal development and how these underpin the anatomy of this region.

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Evolution and Development of Fishes , pp. 241 - 251
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

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