The editors are very pleased to present the European Energy Law Report XII. The European Energy Law Report is an initiative taken by the organisers of the European Energy Law Seminar, which has taken place on a regular basis in the Netherlands since 1989. The aim of this seminar is to present an overview of the most important legal developments in the field of international, EU and national energy and climate law. Whereas the first seminars concentrated on the developments at European Community (EC) level, which were the result of the establishment of an Internal Energy Market, the focus has now gradually switched to the developments at national level following the implementation of the EU Directives on internal electricity and gas markets, promoting renewable energy sources, mitigating climate change and securing energy supply. This approach can also be found in these reports.

Similar to the previous European Energy Law Reports, this book includes chapters based on papers presented at the 28th European Energy Law Seminar, which was organised on 23 and 24 January 2017 and which examined a wide range of issues involving the promotion of renewable energy sources and the need to secure a regular and reliable energy supply. The book consists of five parts: ‘ Developments in the EU and EU Energy Law“Promoting Renewable Energy Production: Cross-border Projects and Dispute Settlement” Energy Consumers as Renewable Energy Producers: The Concept of Prosumers ‘Balancing Renewable Electricity Production with Supply Security: National Experiences with Capacity Mechanisms’ and ‘Promoting the Use of Sustainable Gas and Security of Gas Supply ’. Where necessary, the chapters have been updated up to June 2018.

We are grateful for the support of the speakers at the seminar and their cooperation in rewriting their papers for the purpose of this book. We also would like to thank the authors and co-authors who did not speak at the seminar but who were willing to participate in this project so that we could provide you with a ‘complete’ picture of all the topics discussed. Finally, we would like to acknowledge the help and support of the publisher in publishing this book. We are confident that these reports will be part of an important and long-lasting tradition in this field.