Transfusion in Trauma

doi:10.1017/9781108647397.004

Chapter 3 - Transfusion in Trauma

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 23 August 2019

Brit Long

Edited by

Alex Koyfman and

Brit Long

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Alex Koyfman: Affiliation:
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Brit Long: Affiliation:
San Antonio Military Medical Center

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Summary

Hemorrhage is a leading cause of death in trauma, following head injury. Shock is defined by inadequate tissue perfusion with hemodynamic instability and organ dysfunction.1–10 In trauma, the most common cause of shock is due to acute hemorrhage. Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) describes four classes of hemorrhage,1 but these are not relevant to real world practice, due to different injury types (blunt vs. penetrating), age (due to blunted physiologic responses in the elderly), comorbidities, and medication use (beta blockade reduces the chance of tachycardia in response to decreased blood pressure).6–14 Bradycardia may also be seen in hemorrhage, due to several causes including vagal stimulation and failure to mount a tachycardic response.13,14

Type: Chapter
Information: The Emergency Medicine Trauma Handbook , pp. 42 - 55

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108647397.004 [Opens in a new window]

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Print publication year: 2019

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