Elizabeth Bishop’s contact with Brazilian literature began in the 1950s and extended over a long period of fruitful dialogue with Brazilian writers. Particularly, four poets and a prose writer had important roles in Bishop’s translations and her own poetic production: Carlos Drummond de Andrade, Manuel Bandeira, Vinicius de Moraes, João Cabral de Melo Neto and Clarice Lispector. Correspondences between Bishop and Andrade include the coincidence of recreating memories of childhood and depicting Rio’s urban repertoire. Bishop’s connection with Bandeira range from her poem “To Manuel Bandeira, With a Present” to various other writings. The closest to Bishop, Moraes is present in translation and memories of Ouro Preto. Melo Neto’s and Lispector’s resonances in Bishop’s poetry are respectively visible in “The Burglar of Babylon” and “Brazil, January 1, 1502.” In a discussion that includes epistolary texts, translations, and poetry, this chapter offers a contextual reading of Bishop’s relation with these writers.