Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dlnhk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T16:55:57.607Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

14 - Eating disorders in children with disabilities and chronic illness

from Part III - Abnormal states

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 December 2009

Brett McDermott
By
Peter B. Sullivan
Edited by
Tony Jaffa
Brett McDermott
Affiliation:
University of Queensland
Peter B. Sullivan
Affiliation:
John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
Tony Jaffa
Affiliation:
Phoenix Centre, Cambridge
Get access

Summary

Eating, nutrition and growth

Good health demands good nutrition and in the child it is reflected in normal growth. Children who cannot or do not eat properly often become unwell and do not grow. This becomes a source of great concern and anxiety for their parents. Several chronic illnesses in children impair normal feeding; this chapter aims to describe the interrelationship between eating and disease in children with reference to some common conditions. The effects of childhood eating disorders on parents and families will also be considered.

The physiology of feeding

Understanding feeding problems in children rests on detailed knowledge of oral-motor function, the neurophysiology of feeding and child development and behaviour. The development of oral-motor skills reflects general neurological maturation and requires the coordination of the movement of at least 31 pairs of striated muscles in the mouth, pharynx and oesophagus by 5 cranial nerves, the brainstem and the cerebral cortex (Bosma, 1986). The control centre for swallowing, the nucleus tractus solitarius and the adjacent ventral medial reticular formation around the nucleus ambiguous, receive input from rostral brainstem centres, cerebellum, basal ganglia and higher cortical centres.

The swallowing process occurs in four phases: oral preparatory, oral, pharyngeal and oesophageal. The first two phases are under voluntary control, with the pharyngeal phase partly voluntary, and mostly involuntary, whilst the oesophageal phase is entirely involuntary.

Keywords

chronic diseasecongenital heart diseasecystic fibrosisdisabled childreneating disorder
Type
Chapter
Information
Eating Disorders in Children and Adolescents , pp. 169 - 181
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2006

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bloch, C. A., Clemons, P. & Sperling, M. A. (1987). Puberty decreases insulin sensitivity. Journal of Pediatrics, 110, 481–7.Google Scholar
Bosma, J. F. (1986). Development of feeding. Clinical Nutrition, 5, 210–18.Google Scholar
Bryden, K. S., Neil, A., Mayou, R. A., Peveler, R. C., Fairburn, C. G. & Dunger, D. B. (1999). Eating habits, body weight, and insulin misuse. A longitudinal study of teenagers and young adults with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care, 22, 1956–60.Google Scholar
Cameron, J. W., Rosenthal, A. & Olson, A. D. (1995). Malnutrition in hospitalized children with congenital heart disease. Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, 149, 1098–102.Google Scholar
Ciotti, G., Holzer, R., Pozzi, M. & Dalzell, M. (2002). Nutritional support via percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in children with cardiac disease experiencing difficulties with feeding. Cardiology in the Young, 12, 537–41.Google Scholar
Corwin, D. S., Isaacs, J. S., Georgeson, K. E., Bartolucci, A. A., Cloud, H. H. & Craig, C. B. (1996). Weight and length increases in children after gastrostomy placement. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 96, 874–9.Google Scholar
Dahl, M. (1987). Early feeding problems in an affluent society. III. Follow-up at two years: natural course, health, behaviour and development. Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica, 76, 872–80.Google Scholar
Dahl, M., Eklund, G. & Sundelin, C. (1986). Early feeding problems in an affluent society. II. Determinants. Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica, 75, 380–7.Google Scholar
Dahl, M. & Kristiansson, B. (1987). Early feeding problems in an affluent society. IV. Impact on growth up to two years of age. Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica, 76, 881–8.Google Scholar
Dahl, M. & Sundelin, C. (1986). Early feeding problems in an affluent society. I. Categories and clinical signs. Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica, 75, 370–9.Google Scholar
Daneman, D. (2002). Eating disorders in adolescent girls and young adult women with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Spectrum, 15, 84–5.Google Scholar
Duff, A. J., Wolfe, S. P., Dickson, C., Conway, S. P. & Brownlee, K. G. (2003). Feeding behavior problems in children with cystic fibrosis in the UK: prevalence and comparison with healthy controls. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 36, 443–7.Google Scholar
Engstrom, I., Kroon, M., Arvidsson, C. G.et al. (1999). Eating disorders in adolescent girls with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a population-based case-control study. Acta Paediatrica, 88, 175–80.Google Scholar
Field, D., Garland, M. & Williams, K. (2003). Correlates of specific childhood feeding problems. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 39, 299–304.Google Scholar
Fung, E. B., Samson-Fang, L., Stallings, V. A.et al. (2002). Feeding dysfunction is associated with poor growth and health status in children with cerebral palsy. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 102, 3–73.Google Scholar
Gewolb, I. H., Bosma, J. F., Taciak, V. L. & Vice, F. L. (2001). Abnormal developmental patterns of suck and swallow rhythms during feeding in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 43, 454–9.Google Scholar
Glasgow, A. M., Weissberg-Benchell, J., Tynan, W. D.et al. (1991). Readmissions of children with diabetes mellitus to a children's hospital. Pediatrics, 88, 98–104.Google Scholar
Hofner, G., Behrens, R., Koch, A., Singer, H. & Hofbeck, M. (2000). Enteral nutritional support by percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in children with congenital heart disease. Pediatric Cardiology, 21, 341–6.Google Scholar
Imms, C. (2000). Impact on parents of feeding young children with congenital or acquired cardiac disease. Cardiology in the Young, 10, 574–81.Google Scholar
Isaacs, J. S., Murdock, M., Lane, J. & Percy, A. K. (2003). Eating difficulties in girls with Rett syndrome compared with other developmental disabilities. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 103, 224–30.Google Scholar
Jackson, M. & Poskitt, E. M. (1991). The effects of high-energy feeding on energy balance and growth in infants with congenital heart disease and failure to thrive. British Journal of Nutrition, 65, 2–43.Google Scholar
Jelalian, E., Stark, L. J., Reynolds, L. & Seifer, R. (1998). Nutrition intervention for weight gain in cystic fibrosis: a meta analysis. Journal of Pediatrics, 132, 486–92.Google Scholar
Jones, J. M., Lawson, M. L., Daneman, D., Olmsted, M. P. & Rodin, G. (2000). Eating disorders in adolescent females with and without type 1 diabetes: cross sectional study. British Medical Journal, 320, 1563–6.Google Scholar
Kinnell, H. G. (1985). Pica as a feature of autism. British Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 80–2.Google Scholar
Maharaj, S. I., Rodin, G. M., Olmsted, M. P. & Daneman, D. (1998). Eating disturbances, diabetes and the family: an empirical study. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 44, 479–90.Google Scholar
Mitchell, I. M., Logan, R. W., Pollock, J. C. & Jamieson, M. P. (1995). Nutritional status of children with congenital heart disease. British Heart Journal, 73, 277–83.Google Scholar
Morton, R. E., Bonas, R., Minford, J., Kerr, A. & Ellis, R. E. (1997a). Feeding ability in Rett syndrome. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 39, 331–5.Google Scholar
Morton, R. E., Bonas, R., Minford, J., Tarrant, S. C. & Ellis, R. E. (1997b). Respiration patterns during feeding in Rett syndrome. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 39, 607–13.Google Scholar
Morton, R. E., Pinnington, L. & Ellis, R. E. (2000). Air swallowing in Rett syndrome. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 42, 271–5.Google Scholar
Motil, K. J., Schultz, R. J., Browning, K., Trautwein, L. & Glaze, D. G. (1999). Oropharyngeal dysfunction and gastroesophageal dysmotility are present in girls and women with Rett syndrome. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 29, 31–7.Google Scholar
Patrick, J., Boland, M., Stoski, D. & Murray, G. E. (1986). Rapid correction of wasting in children with cerebral palsy. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 28, 734–9.Google Scholar
Rydall, A. C., Rodin, G. M., Olmsted, M. P., Devenyi, R. G. & Daneman, D. (1997). Disordered eating behavior and microvascular complications in young women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. New England Journal of Medicine, 336, 1849–54.Google Scholar
Samson-Fang, L., Butler, C. & O'Donnell, M. (2003). Effects of gastrostomy feeding in children with cerebral palsy: an AACPDM evidence report. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 45, 415–26.Google Scholar
Samson-Fang, L., Fung, E., Stallings, V. A. (2002). Relationship of nutritional status to health and societal participation in children with cerebral palsy. Journal of Pediatrics, 141, 637–43.Google Scholar
Sanders, K. D., Cox, K., Cannon, R.et al. (1990). Growth response to enteral feeding by children with cerebral palsy. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 14, 23–6.Google Scholar
Stark, L. J., Jelalian, E., Powers, S. W.et al. (2000). Parent and child mealtime behavior in families of children with cystic fibrosis. Journal of Pediatrics, 136, 195–200.Google Scholar
Steel, J. M., Young, R. J., Lloyd, G. G. & Clarke, B. F. (1987). Clinically apparent eating disorders in young diabetic women: associations with painful neuropathy and other complications. British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Edition), 294, 859–62.Google Scholar
Sullivan, P. B., Lambert, B., Rose, M.et al. (2000). Prevalence and severity of feeding and nutritional problems in children with neurological impairment: Oxford Feeding Study. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 42, 10–80.Google Scholar
Sullivan, P. B., Juszczak, E., Lambert, B. R.et al. (2002). Impact of feeding problems on nutritional intake and growth: Oxford Feeding Study II. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 44, 461–7.Google Scholar
Sullivan, P. B., Juszczak, E., Bachlet, A. M.et al. (2004). Impact of gastrostomy tube feeding on the quality of life of carers of children with cerebral palsy. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 46, 796–800.Google Scholar
Sullivan, P. B., Juszczak, E., Bachlet, A. M.et al. (2005). Gastrostomy tube feeding in children with cerebral palsy: a prospective, longitudinal study. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 47, 77–85.Google Scholar
Thommessen, M., Heiberg, A. & Kase, B. F. (1992). Feeding problems in children with congenital heart disease: the impact on energy intake and growth outcome. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 46, 457–64.Google Scholar
Vanderhoof, J. A., Hofschire, P. J., Baluff, M. A.et al. (1982). Continuous enteral feedings. An important adjunct to the management of complex congenital heart disease. American Journal of Disease in Childhood, 136, 825–7.Google Scholar
Varan, B., Tokel, K. & Yilmaz, G. (1999). Malnutrition and growth failure in cyanotic and acyanotic congenital heart disease with and without pulmonary hypertension. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 81, 49–52.Google Scholar
Williams, P. G., Dalrymple, N. & Neal, J. (2000). Eating habits of children with autism. Pediatric Nursing, 26, 259–64.Google Scholar
Wood, N. S., Marlow, N., Costeloe, K., Gibson, A. T. & Wilkinson, A. R. (2000). Neurologic and developmental disability after extremely preterm birth. EPICure Study Group. New England Journal of Medicine, 343, 378–84.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×