Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-03T01:48:56.782Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

9 - The Monarchy’s End

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 August 2022

Mehran Kamrava
Affiliation:
Georgetown University, Qatar
Get access

Summary

Groups advocating change had long existed in the form of political parties, intellectuals, guerrilla organizations, and of course the clergy. Yet only in 1977 did a number of developments converge to usher in a mass movement against the state. These included a sudden rise in levels of urban unemployment sparked by slumps in the global oil market and the domestic construction sector, the government’s need to open up political space in response to the Carter administration’s demands for reforms, and missteps by the government itself in its efforts to introduce reforms and to appear receptive to middle-class needs. Allowing for some grievances to be aired without addressing their root causes only encouraged more open expressions of popular anger, resulting in largely unorganized protests and strikes, which over time gained in frequency, intensity, and size. Poor at crisis management, panicked reactions by the state only deepened what had rapidly become a serious crisis. As the social movement grew into a revolution, the state proved woefully unprepared to deal with the expansive popular anger. Devoid of a meaningful base of social support, by the final months of 1978 the monarchy’s slide toward collapse was all but irreversible.

Type
Chapter
Information
A Dynastic History of Iran
From the Qajars to the Pahlavis
, pp. 169 - 188
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • The Monarchy’s End
  • Mehran Kamrava, Georgetown University, Qatar
  • Book: A Dynastic History of Iran
  • Online publication: 18 August 2022
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009224628.010
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • The Monarchy’s End
  • Mehran Kamrava, Georgetown University, Qatar
  • Book: A Dynastic History of Iran
  • Online publication: 18 August 2022
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009224628.010
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • The Monarchy’s End
  • Mehran Kamrava, Georgetown University, Qatar
  • Book: A Dynastic History of Iran
  • Online publication: 18 August 2022
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009224628.010
Available formats
×