Dionysius can be seen as engaging with Polybius’ view of Roman constitutions, not least in insisting that a longer perspective, going right back to the origins, was necessary for understanding Rome’s success. He accepts that Rome learned gradually from experience, with careful reflection at several stages on the constitution to adopt; he also stresses continuities as much as differences. Constitutions do matter, but individuals matter more: thus the break between Servius Tullius and Tarquinius Superbus is the real moment of constitutional ‘change’. He is not blind to the unsavoury elements of Republican politics, but still puts weight on the value of debate and discussion in warding off bloodshed for so long. Many aspects have an Augustan ring, but Dionysius should be seen as echoing contemporary preoccupations rather than crudely pro- or anti-Augustan.