Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7czq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T07:19:59.979Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 3 - Necrosis, Stromal Changes and Artefacts

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 November 2020

Jon van der Walt ,
Attilio Orazi  and
Daniel A. Arber
By
Konnie Hebeda
Jon van der Walt
Affiliation:
St Thomas’ Hospital, London
Attilio Orazi
Affiliation:
Texas Tech University
Daniel A. Arber
Affiliation:
University of Chicago
Get access

Summary

The bone marrow (BM) extracellular matrix (ECM) is often inconspicuous, and hence neglected in a normal BM trephine biopsy (BMB), but it has essential functions in the homeostasis of bone and the maturation of haematopoiesis (see Chapter 2). The ECM surrounds the bony trabeculae, which are covered by osteoblasts and osteoclasts, the latter an essential component of the stem cell niche, and embeds the maturing haematopoietic cells. It is rich in hyaluronic acid, type III collagen (reticulin), fibronectin and laminin.

Keywords

Necrosisstromaartefactsedemahemorrhageatrophyamyloidmyelofibrosis
Type
Chapter
Information
Diagnostic Bone Marrow Haematopathology , pp. 26 - 41
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Agarwal, A, Morrone, K, Bartenstein, M,et al. Bone marrow fibrosis in primary myelofibrosis: pathogenic mechanisms and the role of TGF-β. Stem Cell Investigation. 2016;3:5.Google ScholarPubMed
Hassanshahi, M, Hassanshahi, A, Khabbazi, S, Su, YW, Xian, CJ. Bone marrow sinusoidal endothelium: damage and potential regeneration following cancer radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Angiogenesis. 2017 Nov;20(4):427–42.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tsitsikas, DA, Gallinella, G, Patel, S, et al. Bone marrow necrosis and fat embolism syndrome in sickle cell disease: increased susceptibility of patients with non-SS genotypes and a possible association with human parvovirus B19 infection. Blood Rev. 2014 Jan;28(1):23–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wool, GD, Deucher, A. Bone marrow necrosis: ten-year retrospective review of bone marrow biopsy specimens. Am J Clin Pathol. 2015 Feb;143(2):201–13.Google Scholar
Paydas, S, Ergin, M, Baslamisli, F, et al. Bone marrow necrosis: clinicopathologic analysis of 20 cases and review of the literature. Am J Hematol. 2002 Aug;70(4):300–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Janssens, AM, Offner, FC, Van Hove, WZ. Bone marrow necrosis. Cancer. 2000 Apr 15;88(8):1769–80.3.0.CO;2-H>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maisel, D, Lim, JY, Pollock, WJ, Yatani, R, Liu, PI. Bone marrow necrosis: an entity often overlooked. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 1988 Mar–Apr;18(2):109–15.Google Scholar
Böhm, J. Gelatinous transformation of the bone marrow: the spectrum of underlying diseases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2000 Jan;24(1):56–65.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Abella, E, Feliu, E, Granada, I, et al. Bone marrow changes in anorexia nervosa are correlated with the amount of weight loss and not with other clinical findings. Am J Clin Pathol. 2002 Oct;118(4):582–8.Google Scholar
Singh, S, Gupta, M, Singh, G, et al. Gelatinous transformation of bone marrow: a prospective tertiary center study, indicating varying trends in epidemiology and pathogenesis. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus. 2016 Jun;32(Suppl 1):358–60.Google Scholar
Chang, E, Rivero, G,Jiang, B, Yellapragada, S, Thiagarajan, P. Gelatinous marrow transformation associated with imatinib: case report and literature review. Case Rep Hematol. 2017:1950724.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marcus, A, Sadimin, E, Richardson, M, Goodell, L, Fyfe, B. Fluorescence microscopy is superior to polarized microscopy for detecting amyloid deposits in congo red–stained trephine bone marrow biopsy specimens. Am J Clin Pathol. 2012 Oct 1;138(4):590–3.Google Scholar
Petruzziello, F, Zeppa, P, Catalano, L, et al. Amyloid in bone marrow smears of patients affected by multiple myeloma. Ann Hematol. 2010 May;89(5):469–74.Google Scholar
Sipe, JD, Benson, MD, Buxbaum, JN, et al. Amyloid fibril proteins and amyloidosis: chemical identification and clinical classification International Society of Amyloidosis 2016 Nomenclature Guidelines. Amyloid. 2016 Dec;23(4):209–13.Google Scholar
Onishi, S, Andress, DL, Maloney, NA, Coburn, JW, Sherrard, DJ. Beta 2-microglobulin deposition in bone in chronic renal failure. Kidney Int. 1991 May;39(5):990–5.Google ScholarPubMed
Sungur, C, Sungur, A, Ruacan, S, Arik, N, et al. Diagnostic value of bone marrow biopsy in patients with renal disease secondary to familial Mediterranean fever. Kidney Int. 1993 Oct;44(4):834–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fine, NM, Arruda-Olson, AM, Dispenzieri, A, et al. Yield of noncardiac biopsy for the diagnosis of transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis. Am J Cardiol. 2014 May 15;113(10):1723–7.Google Scholar
Swan, N, Skinner, M, O’Hara, CJ. Bone marrow core biopsy specimens in AL (primary) amyloidosis. A morphologic and immunohistochemical study of 100 cases. Am J Clin Pathol. 2003 Oct;120(4):610–16.Google Scholar
Siragusa, S, Morice, W, Gertz, MA, et al. Asymptomatic immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL) at the time of diagnostic bone marrow biopsy in newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma and smoldering myeloma. A series of 144 cases and a review of the literature. Ann Hematol. 2011 Jan;90(1):101–6.Google Scholar
Rostagno, A, Frizzera, G, Ylagan, L, et al. Tumoral non-amyloidotic monoclonal immunoglobulin light chain deposits (‘aggregoma’): presenting feature of B-cell dyscrasia in three cases with immunohistochemical and biochemical analyses. Br J Haematol. 2002 Oct;119(1):62–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zahr, AA, Salama, ME, Carreau, N, et al. Bone marrow fibrosis in myelofibrosis: pathogenesis, prognosis and targeted strategies. Haematologica. 2016;101(6):660–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blank, U, Karlsson, S. TGF-β signaling in the control of hematopoietic stem cells. Blood. 2015 Jun 4;125(23):3542–50.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Löfvenberg, E, Wahlin, A, Roos, G, Öst, Å. Reversal of myelofibrosis by hydroxyurea. Eur J Haematol. 1990; 44(1): 33–8.Google Scholar
Klion, AD, Robyn, J, Akin, C, et al. Molecular remission and reversal of myelofibrosis in response to imatinib mesylate treatment in patients with the myeloproliferative variant of hypereosinophilic syndrome. Blood. 2004 Jan 15;103(2):473–8.Google Scholar
Pullarkat, V, Bass, RD, Gong, JZ, Feinstein, DI, Brynes, RK. Primary autoimmune myelofibrosis: definition of a distinct clinicopathologic syndrome. Am J Hematol. 2003 Jan;72(1):8–12.Google Scholar
Vergara-Lluri, ME, Piatek, CI, Pullarkat, V, et al. Autoimmune myelofibrosis: an update on morphologic features in 29 cases and review of the literature. Hum Pathol. 2014 Nov;45(11):2183–91.Google Scholar
Kuter, DJ, Bain, B, Mufti, G, Bagg, A, Hasserjian, RP. Bone marrow fibrosis: pathophysiology and clinical significance of increased bone marrow stromal fibres. Br J Haematol. 2007 Nov;139(3):351–62.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gianelli, U, Vener, C, Bossi, A, et al. The European Consensus on grading of bone marrow fibrosis allows a better prognostication of patients with primary myelofibrosis. Mod Pathol. 2012 Sep;25(9):1193–202.Google Scholar
Ramos, F, Robledo, C, Izquierdo-García, FM, , et al. Bone marrow fibrosis in myelodysplastic syndromes: a prospective evaluation including mutational analysis. Oncotarget. 2016;7(21):30,492–503.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Christov, M, Pereira, R, Wesseling-Perry, K. Bone biopsy in renal osteodystrophy: continued insights into a complex disease. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2013 Mar;22(2):210–15.Google Scholar
Bass, BP, Engel, KB, Greytak, SR, Moore, HM. A review of preanalytical factors affecting molecular, protein, and morphological analysis of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue: how well do you know your FFPE specimen? Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2014 Nov;138(11):1520–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Islam, A. Bone marrow aspiration before bone marrow core biopsy using the same bone marrow biopsy needle: a good or bad practice? J Clin Pathol. 2007;60:212–15.Google ScholarPubMed
Douglas, DD, Risdall, RJ. Bone marrow biopsy technic: artifact induced by aspiration. Am J Clin Pathol. 1984;82(1):92–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Torlakovic, EE, Naresh, K, Kremer, M, et al. Call for a European programme in external quality assurance for bone marrow immunohistochemistry; report of a European Bone Marrow Working Group pilot study. J Clin Pathol. 2009 Jun;62(6):547–51.Google Scholar
Fend, F, Bock, O, Kremer, M, Specht, K, Quintanilla-Martinez, L. Ancillary techniques in bone marrow pathology: molecular diagnostics on bone marrow trephine biopsies. Virchows Arch. 2005 Dec;447(6):909–19.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×