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Chapter 11 - Developmental Origins of Chronic Respiratory Diseases

from Section III - Outcomes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 December 2022

By
Liesbeth Duijts ,
Annemiek Mian ,
Tarik Karramass  and
Vincent W. V. Jaddoe
Edited by
Lucilla Poston ,
Keith M. Godfrey ,
Peter D. Gluckman  and
Mark A. Hanson
Lucilla Poston
Affiliation:
King's College London
Keith M. Godfrey
Affiliation:
University of Southampton
Peter D. Gluckman
Affiliation:
University of Auckland
Mark A. Hanson
Affiliation:
University of Southampton
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Summary

Chronic obstructive respiratory diseases, including asthma, are common and a major public health problem. Childhood asthma is associated with increased risks of chronic obstructive respiratory diseases in later adult life. This chapter describes the origins of chronic obstructive respiratory diseases in relation to genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures and their interactions preconceptionally, in utero and postnatally. Asthma in childhood has a strong hereditable component, and genome-wide association studies have identified >400 different genetic variants associated with childhood asthma. Additionally, large-scale epidemiological studies have identified important and potentially modifiable early life exposures related to growth, lifestyle and microbial factors associated with risk of asthma development. Epigenome wide studies focussed on DNA methylation could infer a mechanistic link between these early life exposures and childhood asthma risk. Causality and underlying mechanisms of these associations, as well as potential interactions, need to be further explored. Ultimately, improved mechanistic understanding will inform early life intervention strategies with potential for optimizing later life respiratory health.

Type
Chapter
Information
Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , pp. 100 - 110
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

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