Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T09:39:33.820Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

References

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 November 2024

Yohtaro Takano
Affiliation:
University of Tokyo
Get access
Type
Chapter
Information
Cultural Stereotype and Its Hazards
‘Japanese Collectivism' as a Case
, pp. 249 - 278
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abegglen, J. C. (1958). The Japanese factory: Aspects of its social organization. Free Press.Google Scholar
Adelson, E. (2004, August 21). Phelps gives Crocker another chance. ESPN. www.espn.com/olympics/summer04/swimming/columns/story?id=1864096Google Scholar
Alvarez-Taladriz, J. L. (Ed.). (1954). Sumario de las cosas de Japón (1583); Adiciones del Sumario de Japón (1592)/Alejandro Valignano. Sophia University.Google Scholar
“American Merrill-Lynch.” (1995, November 3). Bei meriru rinchi Tokyo shiten, futsuka-kan no gyoumu teishi shobun, Ookurashou [American Merrill-Lynch Tokyo branch was ordered to suspend business for two days by the Finance Ministry]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 12.Google Scholar
“American poll.” (1989, May 23). Bei no seron-chousa: 63% ga “nihon wa fukousei” [American poll: 63% said “Japan is unfair”]. Asahi Shinbun, Evening Edition, p. 2.Google Scholar
Anderson, C. A., Lepper, M. R., & Ross, L. (1980). Perseverance of social theories: The role of explanation in the persistence of discredited information. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(6), 10371049.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderson, J. R. (1980). Cognitive psychology and its implications. Freeman.Google Scholar
Anderson, R. C. (1977). The notion of schemata and the educational enterprise: General discussion of the conference. In Anderson, R. C. & Spiro, R. J. (Eds.), Schooling and the acquisition of knowledge (pp. 415431). Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Anglin, S. M. (2019). Do beliefs yield to evidence?: Examining belief perseverance vs. change in response to congruent empirical findings. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 82, 176199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2019.02.004CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aoki, F. (1993). Denbaa no aoi yami: Nihon-jin digakusei wa naze osowaretaka [The blue dark in Denver: Why were Japanese college students attacked?]. Shincho-sha.Google Scholar
Aoki, K. (1979). Hen-nen hyakushou-ikki shiryou shuusei [Chronological collection of historical materials about peasant uprising]. San-ichi Publishing.Google Scholar
Aoki, T. (1990). Nihon-bunka-ron” no henyou: Sengo Nihon no bunka to aidentiti [The modification of “Japanology”: The culture and identity of postwar Japan]. Chuokoron-sha.Google Scholar
Araki, H. (1973). Nihon-jin no koudou-youshiki: Taritsu to shuudan no ronri [The behavioral patterns of the Japanese: The logic of heteronomy and groups]. Kodan-sha.Google Scholar
Arikawa, H., & Templer, D. I. (1998). Comparison of Japanese and American college students on collectivism and social context of decision-making. Psychological Reports, 83, 577578.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Armacost, M. H. (1994, April 28). Shijyou saiaku no nichi-bei kankei ga ima hajimarouto shiteiru [The worst Japan–USA relationship in history is about to begin]. Sapio, pp. 30–32.Google Scholar
Asai, M. (1987). Nichi-bei-kan ni okeru kojinshugi to shuudanshugi ni kansuru kousa-bunka-shinrigaku-teki kenkyu [A cross-cultural study of individualism and collectivism between Japan and the US]. Bulletin of the Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences, 34, 167188. Nihon University.Google Scholar
Asch, S. E. (1946). Forming impression of personality. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 41, 258290.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Asch, S. E. (1956). Studies of independence and conformity: I. A minority of one against a unanimous majority. Psychological Monographs, 70 (9, Whole No. 416).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baker, G., Gibbs, M., & Holmstrom, B. (1994a). The wage policy of a firm. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 109(4), 921955.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baker, G., Gibbs, M., & Holmstrom, B. (1994b). The internal economics of the firm: Evidence from personnel data. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 109(4), 881919.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Balliet, D., Mulder, L. B., & Van Lange, P. A. M. (2011). Reward, punishment, and cooperation: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 137(4), 594615.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bayley, D. H. (1991). Forces of order: Policing modern Japan. University of California Press.Google Scholar
Becker, W. C. (1960). The matching of behavior rating and questionnaire personality factors. Psychological Bulletin, 57, 201212.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Befu, H. (1980). A critique of the group model of Japanese society. Social Analysis, Nos. 56, 2943.Google Scholar
Befu, H. (1987). Zouho shinpan Ideorogii to shite no nihon bunka ron [Japanology as an ideology: The new enlarged edition]. Shisou-no-Kagaku-Sha.Google Scholar
Bègue, L., Beauvois, J.-L., Courbet, D., Oberlè, D., Lepage, J., & Duke, A. A. (2015). Personality predicts obedience in a Milgram paradigm. Journal of Personality, 83(3), 299–306.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bellah, R. N. (1957). Tokugawa religion: The values of pre-industrial Japan. Free Press.Google Scholar
Bellah, R. N., Madsen, R., Sullivan, W. M., Swidler, A., & Tipton, S. M. (1985). Habits of the heart: Individualism and commitment in American life. University of California Press.Google Scholar
Benedict, R. (1934). Patterns of culture. Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Benedict, R. (1940). Race: Science and politics. Modern Age Books.Google Scholar
Benedict, R. (1946). The chrysanthemum and the sword: Patterns of Japanese culture. Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Bergsten, C. F., & Cline, W. R. (1985). The United States–Japan economic problem. Institute for International Economics.Google Scholar
Bernard, H. R., Killworth, P., Kronenfeld, D., & Sailer, L. (1984). The problem of informant accuracy: The validity of retrospective data. Annual Review of Anthropology, 13(1), 495517. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.an.13.100184.002431CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Besson, L. P. M. (Dir.). (1988). Le Grand Bleu [The Big Blue] [Film]. Gaumont/Filmauro.Google Scholar
Blass, T. (2009). From New Haven to Santa Clara: A historical perspective on the Milgram obedience experiments. American Psychologist, 64(1), 3745.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Block, N. J., & Dworkin, G. (Eds.). (1976). The IQ controversy: Critical readings. Pantheon Books.Google Scholar
Bloom, A. H. (1981). The Linguistic shaping of thought: A study in the impact of language on thinking in China and the West. Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Bloom, A. H. (1984). Caution – The words you use may affect what you say: A response to Au. Cognition, 17, 275287.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bodanis, D. (2005). Electric universe: How electricity switched on the modern world. Little, Brown & Company.Google Scholar
Bond, R., & Smith, P. B. (1996). Culture and conformity: A meta-analysis of studies using Asch’s (1952b, 1956) line judgment task. Psychological Bulletin, 119, 111137.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bott, F. M., Kellen, D., & Klauer, K. C. (2021). Normative accounts of illusory correlations. Psychological Review, 128(5), 856878.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bovard, J. (1991). The fair trade fraud: How Congress pillages the consumer and decimates American competitiveness. St. Martin’s Press.Google Scholar
Bransford, J. D., Barclay, J. R., & Franks, J. J. (1972). Sentence memory: A constructive versus interpretive approach. Cognitive Psychology, 3, 193209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brett, J. M., & Okumura, T. (1998). Inter- and intracultural negotiation: US and Japanese negotiators. Academy of Management Journal, 41(5), 495510.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, D. E. (1991). Human universals. McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Bruner, J. S., Goodnow, J. J., & Austin, G. A. (1956). A study of thinking. John Wiley and Sons.Google Scholar
Butler, S. M. (2018). Getting Medieval on Steven Pinker. Historical Reflections, 44(1), 29–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Byas, H. (1942). The Japanese enemy: His power and his vulnerability. Alfred A. Knopf.Google Scholar
Caffrey, M. M. (1989). Ruth Benedict: Stranger in this land. University of Texas Press.Google Scholar
Capra, F. R. (Dir.). (1945). Know your enemy: Japan [Film]. US Army Service Forces.Google Scholar
Carter, K. A., & Dinnel, D. L. (1997, April). Conceptualization of self-esteem in collectivistic and individualistic cultures [Paper presentation]. The Annual Convention of the Western Psychological Association, Seattle, WA.Google Scholar
Catalano, R., Jer-Tas, J., Morita, Y., Olweus, D., Slee, P., & Smith, P. K. (Eds.). (1998). The nature of school bullying: A cross-national perspective. Routledge.Google Scholar
Caves, R. E., & Jones, R. W. (1985). World trade and payments: An introduction (4th ed.). Little, Brown.Google Scholar
Chapman, L. J. (1967). Illusory correlation in observational report. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 6, 151155.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chapman, L. J., & Chapman, J. P. (1967). Genesis of popular but erroneous psychodiagnostics observations. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 72(3), 193204.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chapman, L. J., & Chapman, J. P. (1969). Illusory correlation as an obstacle to the use of valid psychodiagnostics signs. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 74(3), 271280.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chira, S. (1985, August 13). Poll blames US on Japan trade. The New York Times, p. 1.Google Scholar
Chubachi, S. (2002, January 1). Semegiau [At loggerheads]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 23.Google Scholar
Church, A. T., Willmore, S. L., Anderson, A. T., Ochiai, M., Porter, N., Mateo, N. J., & Ortiz, F. A. (2012). Cultural differences in implicit theories and self-perceptions of traitedness: Replication and extension with alternative measurement formats and cultural dimensions. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 43, 12681296. doi:10.1177/0022022111428514CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Church, G. J. (1985, October 7). The battle over barriers. Time, pp. 2231.Google Scholar
Clark, G. (1977). Nihon-jin: Yuniiku-sa no gensen [The Japanese: The origin of their uniqueness]. Simul Publishing Association.Google Scholar
Cobb, M. D., Nyhan, B., & Reifler, J. (2013). Beliefs don’t always persevere: How political figures are punished when positive information about them is discredited. Political Psychology, 34(3), 307326.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cocroft, B.-A. K., & Ting-Toomey, S. (1994). Facework in Japan and the United States. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 18, 469506. https://doi.org/10.1016/0147-1767(94)90018-3CrossRefGoogle Scholar
“Collectivism.” (1977, June 10). Shuudan-shugi [Collectivism]. Asahi Shinbun, Evening Edition, p. 3.Google Scholar
Cook, K. S., Yamagishi, T., Cheshire, C., Cooper, R., & Mashima, R. (2005). Trust building via risk taking: A cross-societal experiment. Social Psychology Quarterly, 68, 121142.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coser, L. A. (1956). The functions of social conflict. Routledge & Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) Professional Manual. Psychological Assessment Resources.Google Scholar
Courbet, D., & Oberié, D. (2010). L’expérience extreme. Don Quichotte.Google Scholar
Crystal, D. S. (2000). Concepts of deviance and disturbance in children and adolescents: A comparison between the United States and Japan. International Journal of Psychology, 35(5), 207218.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cunningham, H. (1988). Kaigai shijo kyouiku jijyou [Overseas child education situation]. Shinchosha.Google Scholar
Dalsky, D. (2010). Individuality in Japan and the United States: A crosscultural priming experiment. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 34, 429435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2010.05.008CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, P. (Dir.). (1974). Hearts and Minds [Film]. Warner Brothers.Google Scholar
De Dreu, C. K. W., Greer, L. L., Van Kleef, G. A., Shalvi, S., and Handgraaf, M. J. J. (2011). Oxytocin promotes human ethnocentrism. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108 (4), 12621266.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
de Groot, M., Schaafsma, J., Castelain, T., Malinowska, K., Mann, L., Ohtsubo, Y., Wulandari, M. T. A., Bataineh, R. F., Fry, D. P., Goudbeek, M., & Suryani, A. (2021). Group-based shame, guilt, and regret across cultures. European Journal of Social Psychology, 51, 11981212. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2808CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Soken, Dentsu, & Ikeda, K. (2022). Nihon-jin no kangae-kata, sekai no hito no kangae-kata: Dai 7 kai sekai kachikan chousa kara mieru mono [How Japanese think, how people in the world think: What is seen in the 7th World Values Survey]. Keiso Shobo.Google Scholar
Deposit Insurance Corporation of Japan. (2013). Annual report 2012/2013. www.dic.go.jp/content/000010145.pdfGoogle Scholar
Deschamps, J. (2018). (Dir.). Inside Lehman Brothers. [Film]. KM/Intuitive Pictures.Google Scholar
de Tocqueville, A. (2000). Democracy in America (H. C. Mansfield and D. Winthrop, Trans.). University of Chicago Press. (Original work published 1835–1840.)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DeVos, G. A. (1973). Socialization for achievement: Essays on the cultural psychology of the Japanese. University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
de Vries, J. (2011). Industrious peasants in East and West: Markets, technology, and family structure in Japanese and Western European agriculture. Australian Economic History Review, 51(2), 107119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Diamond, J. (1997). Guns, germs, and steel: The fates of human societies. W. W. Norton.Google Scholar
Diamond, J. (1999, June 7). How to get rich: A talk. Edge, 56.Google Scholar
Diamond, J. (2005). Collapse: How societies choose to fail or succeed. Viking.Google Scholar
Dicey, A. V. (1962). Lectures on the relation between law and public opinion during the nineteenth century (2nd ed.). (Original work published 1914.)Google Scholar
Doi, T. (1973). The anatomy of dependence (J. Bester, Trans.). Kodansha USA. (Original work published 1971.)Google Scholar
“Don’t allow violence.” (1997, February 3). Bouryoku yurusazu, ijime taisaku, beikoku no baai [Don’t allow violence, students play the leading role, the case of the US]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 11.Google Scholar
Dooling, D. J., & Lackman, R. (1971). Effects of comprehension on retention of prose. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 88, 216222.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dore, R. P. (1986). Flexible rigidities: Industrial policy and structural adjustment in the Japanese economy 1970–80. The Athlone Press.Google Scholar
Dore, R. P. (1991). Will the 21st century be the age of individualism? The Simul Press.Google Scholar
Dore, R. P. (2000). Stock market capitalism: Welfare capitalism: Japan and Germany versus the Anglo-Saxons. Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dower, J. W. (1986). War without mercy: Race and power in the Pacific War. Pantheon Books.Google Scholar
Duus, M. (1985). Makkaasaa no futatsu no boushi [The two caps of MacArthur]. Kodan-Sha.Google Scholar
The Economist. (1962, September 1). Consider Japan – I. pp. 793–819.Google Scholar
Embree, J. F. (1950). Standard error and Japanese character: A note on political interpretation. World Politics, 2(3), 439443.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Epstein, S. (1979). The stability of behavior: I. On predicting most of the people much of the time. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37(7), 10971126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eskin, M., Tran, U. S., Carta, M. G., Poyrazli, S., Flood, C., Mechri, A. Shaheen, A., Janghorbani, M., Khader, Y., Yoshimatsu, K., Sun, J.-M., Kujan, O., Abuidhail, J., Aidoudi, K., Bakhshi, S., Harlak, H., Moro, M. F., Phillips, L., Hamdan, M., … Voracek, M. (2020). Is individualism suicidogenic? Findings from a multinational study of young adults from 12 countries. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, Article 259. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00259CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Eto, J. (1989). Tozasareta gengo kuukan: Senryou-gun no ken-etsu to sengo nihon [The closed language space: The censorship by the occupation forces and postwar Japan]. Bungeishunju.Google Scholar
Eto, K. (1994, June 12). Suchuaato Bakusutaa san [Mr. Stuart Baxter]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 3.Google Scholar
Fallows, J. M. (1989). Containing Japan. Atlantic Monthly, May, pp. 4054.Google Scholar
Fanelli, D. (2012). Negative results are disappearing from most disciplines and countries. Scientometrics, 90, 891904. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-011-0494-7CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferguson, N. (2006). The war of the world: Twentieth-century conflict and the descent of the West. Penguin.Google Scholar
Ferguson, N. (2011). Civilization: The West and the rest. Allen Lane.Google Scholar
Fiske, A. P. (2002). Using individualism and collectivism to compare cultures – A critique of the validity and measurement of the constructs: Comment on Oyserman et al. (2002). Psychological Bulletin, 128(1), 7888. https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-2909.128.1.78CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fleischer, R., Masuda, T., & Fukasaku, K. (Dirs.). (1970). Tora! Tora! Tora! [Film]. Twentieth Century Fox.Google Scholar
Frager, R. (1970). Conformity and anticonformity in Japan. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 15, 203210.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Francis, D. (1989). The edge. Pan Books. (Original work published 1988.)Google Scholar
Frank, A. G. (1998). ReOrient. University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freedman, D., Pisani, R., & Purves, R. (1978). Statistics. Norton.Google Scholar
Freeman, D. (1983). Margaret Mead and Samoa: The making and unmaking of an anthropological myth. Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Freeman, D. (2000). Was Margaret Mead misled or did she mislead on Samoa? Current Anthropology, 41(4), 609622. https://doi.org/10.1086/317384CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freeman, L. C., Romney, A. K., & Freeman, S. C. (1987). Cognitive structure and informant accuracy. American Anthropologist, 89(2), 310325. https://doi.org/10.1525/aa.1987.89.2.02a00020CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friedman, D. (1988). The misunderstood miracle: Industrial development and political change in Japan. Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Fujiki, T. (2014). Amerika ni okeru roudou kumiai soshiki-ka katei no genjyou bunseki [An analysis of the present situation about the process of organizing labor unions in America]. Hitotsubashi Journal of law and International Studies, 13(3), 241315.Google Scholar
Fujita, K. (2008). Yooroppa nouson kyoudoutai ni okeru “uchihata/sotohata sei” no igi [The significance of “Innenfelder/Aussenfelder system” in the arguments on European agro-community]. Hitotsubashi Economics, 2(2), 105128.Google Scholar
Fukui, N. (1997). “Nihon-jin no koudou pataan” kara “kiku to katana” e [From “Japanese behavior patterns” to “The chrysanthemum and the sword”]. In Benedict, R., Japanese behavior patterns (N. Fukui, Trans.) (pp. 139172). NHK Publishing.Google Scholar
Fukui, N. (2011). Jefurii gooraa no nihonjin-ron [Geoffrey Gorer’s Japanology]. In Gorer, G., Japanese character structure and propaganda (N. Fukui, Trans.) (pp. 171263). Minerva Shobo.Google Scholar
Fukui, N. (2012). Ruusu benedikuto, jefurii gooraa, heren miaazu no nihonjin-ron nihon bunka-ron o soukatsusuru [Benedict’s, Gorer’s and Mears’s view of Japan and its people]. Journal of Foreign Language Studies, 7, 81109.Google Scholar
Fukui, Y. (2021). Nihon-jin ga shiranai saisentan no “sekai-shi” [Cutting-edge “world history” unkown to the Japanese]. Shodensha.Google Scholar
“The full text.” (2000, January 28). Shusho shisei-houshin enzetsu no zenbun [The full text of the prime minister’s administrative policy speech]. Yomiuri-Shinbun, Evening Edition, p. 3.Google Scholar
Funabashi, Y. (1985, October 4). Nihon-sha kai “mura-hachibu” [“Ostracized” due to a Japanese car]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 4.Google Scholar
Furuya, S. (2008). Kojin-shugi to shuudan-shugi ni kansuru kachi-kan hikaku kenkyuu: Nihon, amerika, chuugoku, kankoku no daigakusei o rei ni [A comparison of Japanese, American, Chinese, and South Korean students’ values concerning individualism and collectivism]. Journal of Intercultural Communication, 11, 7392.Google Scholar
“Gab of a pea.” (1996, August 19). Mame-tsubu no ben [Gab of a pea]. Asahi Shinbun, Evening Edition, p. 1.Google Scholar
Gardner, P. M. (1976). Birds, words, and a requiem for the omniscient informant. American Ethnologist, 3(3), 446468. https://doi.org/10.1525/ae.1976.3.3.02a00040CrossRefGoogle Scholar
“Get fired.” (1992, March 17). Bangai shitsumon shi kubi ni [Get fired for an extra question]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 29.Google Scholar
Gibbs, M., & Hendricks, W. (2004). Do formal salary systems really matter? Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 58(1), 7193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gibson, J. J. (1966). The senses considered as perceptual systems. Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Gibson, J. J. (1979). The ecological approach to visual perception. Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Gies, J., & Gies, F. (1982). Life in a medieval village. HarperCollins.Google Scholar
Gilbert, D. T., & Mlone, P. S. (1995). The correspondence bias. Psychological Bulletin, 117(1), 2138.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gino, F., Ayal, S., & Ariely, D. (2009). Contagion and differentiation in unethical behavior: The effect of one bad apple on the barrel. Psychological Science, 20, 393398.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Godden, D. R., & Baddeley, A. D. (1975). Context-dependent memory in two natural environments: On land and under water. British Journal of Psychology, 66, 325331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gorman, G. (Dir.). (2010). Bullied to death: The tragedy of Phoebe Prince [Film]. Ireland TV3 Productions.Google Scholar
Gould, S. J. (1981). The mismeasure of man. Norton.Google Scholar
Greitemeyer, T. (2014). Article retracted, but the message lives on. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 21, 557561. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-013-0500-6CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guadagno, R. E., Rhoads, K. v. L., & Sagarin, B. J. (2011). Figural vividness and persuasion: Capturing the “elusive” vividness effect. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37(5), 626638.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gudykunst, W. B., Matsumoto, Y., Ting-Toomey, S., Nishida, T., Kim, K., & Heyman, S. (1996). The influence of cultural individualism-collectivism, self-construals, and individual values on communication styles across cultures. Human Communication Research, 22, 510543.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gudykunst, W. B., & Nishida, T. (1999–2000). The influence of culture and strength of cultural identity on individual values in Japan and the United States. Intercultural Communications Studies, IX, 1.Google Scholar
Guillain, R. (1969). Japon: Troisième grand [Japan: The third power]. Seuil.Google Scholar
Haley, J. O. (1991). Authority without power: Law and the Japanese paradox. Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hall, E. T., & Hall, M. R. (1987). Hidden differences: Japanese business/American business. Anchor Books.Google Scholar
Hamaguchi, E. (1985). A contextual model of the Japanese: Toward a methodological innovation in Japan studies. Journal of Japanese Studies, 11(2), 289321. https://doi.org/10.2307/132562Google Scholar
Hamaguchi, E. (2003). “Awai no bunka” to “hitori no bunka”: Hikaku shakai no kiso riron [“Interpersonal culture” and “solitary culture”: A basic theory of societal comparison]. Chisen-Shokan.Google Scholar
Hamano, T., & Iwata, K. L. (Eds.). (2005). Sokoku wo ubawareta hitobito: Chuunanbei nikkei-jin kyousei renkou no kiroku [People who were deprived of their homelands: A record of internment of Central and South Americans of Japanese descent] [Film]. NHK (Japan Broadcasting Company).Google Scholar
Hamilton, D. L., & Gifford, R. K. (1976). Illusory correlation in interpersonal perception: A cognitive basis of stereotypic judgements. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 12, 392407.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harada, S. (1991). Genetic polymorphism of alcohol metabolyzing enzymes and its implication to human ecology. Journal of Anthropological Society of Nippon, 99(2), 123139. https://doi.org/10.1537/ase1911.99.123CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harari, Y. N. (2014). Sapiens: A brief history of humankind. Harvill Secker.Google Scholar
Haring, D. (1953). Japanese national character: Cultural anthropology, psychoanalysis, and history. Yale Review, Spring.Google Scholar
Harris, M. (1974). Cows, pigs, wars & witches: The riddles of culture. Random House.Google Scholar
Harris, M. (1977). Cannibals and kings: The origins of cultures. Random House.Google Scholar
Harris, M. (1979). Cultural materialism: The struggle for a science of culture. Random House.Google Scholar
Harris, M. (1985). Good to eat: Riddles of food and culture. Simon and Schuster.Google Scholar
Harris, M. (1993). Culture, people, nature: An introduction to general anthropology (6th ed.). HarperCollins.Google Scholar
Hartshorne, H., & May, M. A. (1928). Studies in the nature of character. Vol. I: Studies in deceit. Macmillan.Google Scholar
Hartshorne, H., May, M. A., & Shuttleworth, F. K. (1930). Studies in the nature of character. Vol. III: Studies in the organization of character. Macmillan.Google Scholar
Hasegawa, Y., & Hirose, Y. (2005). What the Japanese language tells us about the alleged Japanese relational self. Australian Journal of Linguistics, 25, 219251.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hashimoto, H., & Yamagishi, T. (2015). Preference-expectation reversal in the ratings of independent and interdependent individuals: A USA-Japan comparison. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 18, 115123. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajsp.12094CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hashimoto, Y., & Shuho, H. (Executive Producers). (2000). Haiboku wo dakishimete: John Dower [Embracing the defeat: John Dower] [Film]. NHK (Japan Broadcast Corporation).Google Scholar
Hashimoto, Y., & Tsutsumi, K. (Dirs.). (2000). “Dokusou” wa koushite umareta dai 1 kai: Nakamura Shuji [This is how “originality” was born I: Shuji Nakamura] [Film]. NHK (Japan Broadcast Corporation).Google Scholar
Haslam, N., & Rothschild, L. (2000). Essentialist beliefs about social categories. British Journal of Social Psychology, 39, 113127.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hastorf, A. H., & Cantril, H. (1954). They saw a game: A case study. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 49(1), 129134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayami, A. (1979). Kinsei nihon no keizai hatten to Industrious Revolution [The economic growth of early modern Japan and Industrious Revolution]. In Shinpo, H. & Yasuba, Y. (Eds.), The Japanese economy in transition to modernity (pp. 314). Nikkei.Google Scholar
Hayasaka, T. (2006). Sekai no nihon-jin jouku shuu [The collection of Japanese jokes around the world]. Chuokoron.Google Scholar
Hayashi, N., Ostrom, E., Walker, J., & Yamagishi, T. (1999). Reciprocity, trust, and the sense of control: A cross-cultural study. Rationality and Society, 11, 2746.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayek, F. A. (1949). Individualism and economic order. Routledge & Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
Hazler, R. J., Hoover, J. H., & Oliver, R. (1991). Student perceptions of victimization in schools. Journal of Humanistic Education and Development, 29(4), 143150.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hearn, P. L. (1897). A living god. In Gleanings in Buddha-Fields: Studies of hand and soul in the Far East. Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Hegel, G. W. F. (1956). The philosophy of world history (Sibree, J., Ed. & Trans.). Dover. (Original work published 1840.)Google Scholar
Heine, S. J., Lehman, D. R., Peng, K., & Greenholtz, J. (2002). What’s wrong with cross-cultural comparisons of subjective Likert scales? The reference-group effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 903918.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Henrich, J., & Muthukrishna, M. (2021). The origins and psychology of human cooperation. Annual Review of Psychology, 72, 207240.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
“High remuneration.” (2004, March 1). Hatsumei eno kougaku houshuu to kigyou [High remuneration for invention and company]. Mainichi-Shinbun, p. 7.Google Scholar
Hirai, M. (1999). “Nihonjin rashisa” ni tsuite no sutereotaipu: “ippan no nihonjin” to “jibun-jishin” tono sai [Stereotypes about the Japanese: Differences in evaluations between “The Japanese” and “myself”]. Japanese Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 39(2), 103113.Google Scholar
Hiraishi, N. (1988). “Mono” to “gouketsu”: Edo kouki shisou ni tuiteno oboegaki [“Object” and “hero”: A memorandum about late Edo period thought]. Kaitoku, 57.Google Scholar
Hirata, S., Watanabe, K., & Kawai, M. (2001). “Sweet-potato washing” revisited. In Matsuzawa, T. (Ed.), Primate origins of human cognition and behavior (pp. 487508). Springer.Google Scholar
Hirayama, A. (1995). Ie-shakai to kojin-shugi: Nihon-gata soshiki genri no saikentou [Ie society and individualism: A reconsideration of Japanese organizational principle]. Nikkei.Google Scholar
Hirose, Y. (2000). Public and private self as two aspects of the speaker: A contrastive study of Japanese and English. Journal of Pragmatics, 32, 16231656.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hirose, Y. (2002). Viewpoint and the nature of the Japanese reflexive zibun. Cognitive Linguistics, 13, 357401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hirose, Y., & Hasegawa, Y. (2010). Nihongo kara mita nihonjin: Shutaisei no gengogaku [Japanese people as seen from the Japanese language: Linguistics of subjectivity]. Kaitakusha.Google Scholar
Hirsch, L. (Dir.). (2011). Bully [Film]. Where We Live Films.Google Scholar
Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s Consequences. Sage.Google Scholar
Hosaka, S. (2002). Hyakushou ikki to sono sahou [Peasant uprisings and their manners]. Yoshikawa kobunkan.Google Scholar
Howard, R. (Dir.). (1986). Gung Ho [Film]. Paramount Pictures.Google Scholar
Huntington, S. P. (1996). The clash of civilizations and the remaking of world order. Simon & Schuster.Google Scholar
Hyodo, A. (2013). Gendai amerika roudou undou no danmen: Kumiai no rikiryou, soshiki keitai, oyobi seiji shisou ni kansuru oboegaki [A cross section of the modern American labor movement: A memorandum on union competence, forms of organization, and political thought]. Japan Research Institute of Labour Movement Quarterly, No. 89, 3237.Google Scholar
Ichheiser, G. (1941). Real, pseudo, and sham qualities of personality: An attempt at a new classification. Character and Personality, 9, 218226.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ichiki, K. (1985). “Ijime” no nichi-bei hikaku [A Japan-US comparison of bullying]. Education and Medicine, 33(9), 919924.Google Scholar
Ichimura, Y. (1996, February 29). Daiwa ginkou bei kensatsu to shihou torihiki [Daiwa Bank, plea deal with US prosecutors]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 1.Google Scholar
Iida, T. (1979). Nihon-teki chikarazuyosa no saihakken: Nihon keizai-ron no “jyoushiki” o tadasu [Rediscovering Japanese strength: Correcting the “common sense” of the theory about Japanese economy]. Nikkei.Google Scholar
Ikuma, M. (1996, August 15). Ijime mondai ei demo shinkoku [The problem of bullying is serious in Britain as well]. Yomiuri Shinbun, p. 4.Google Scholar
Imai, A. (Producer). (2000, April 4). Madogiwa-zoku ga sekai kikaku wo tsukutta: VHS Shuunen no gyakuten geki [Deadwood created a global standard: VHS changeovers with tenacity] (Episode 2) [TV series episode]. In A. Imai (Producer), Purojekuto X chousen-sha tachi [Project X challengers]. NHK (Japan Broadcast Corporation).Google Scholar
Imai, A. (Producer). (2002, July 2). Otoko-tachi no fukkatsu-sen: Dejitaru kamera ni kakeru [The consolation match by the men: To bet on a digital camera] (Episode 90) [TV series episode]. In A. Imai (Producer), Purojekuto X chousen-sha tachi [Project X challengers]. NHK (Japan Broadcast Corporation).Google Scholar
Imai, A. (Producer). (2003, June 3). Purazuma terebi: Ai no moji kara hajimatta [Plasma TV: It started from the letter love] (Episode 116) [TV series episode]. In A. Imai (Producer), Purojekuto X chousen-sha tachi [Project X challengers]. NHK (Japan Broadcast Corporation).Google Scholar
Inazaki, K., & Yamada, Y. (2001, September 30). Jiwari rasouda kouka [Lasorda effect emerging]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 21.Google Scholar
“Inspection of American society.” (2001, December 13). Kenshou bei shakai, douji tero kara 3 kagetsu [Inspection of American society, three months since the simultaneous terrorist attacks]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 6.Google Scholar
Inuta, M. (1977). Shuudan-shugi no kouzou: Nihonteki shuudanshugi no seishitsu to kouyou [The structure of collectivism: The characteristics and utilities of Japanese collectivism]. Sanno Junior College Publications Department.Google Scholar
Irwing, P., Booth, T., & Hughes, D. J. (Eds.). (2018). The Wiley handbook of psychometric testing: A multidisciplinary reference on survey, scale, and test development. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118489772CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ito, H. (1994, May 28). Bei yuushiki-sha no tainichi ishiki chousa [A survey of American establishment’s opinions about Japan]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 11.Google Scholar
Ito, H. (1995, November 4). Fusei torihiki jiken de daiwa ginkou ni tettai meirei [Withdrawal order issued to Daiwa Bank for fraudulent transactions]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 1.Google Scholar
Ito, M., Saeki, D., & Green, L. (2011). Sharing, discounting, and selfishness: A Japanese-American comparison. Psychological Record, 60, 5976.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
“I wanted to announce.” (1989, November 2). RGI baishuu no happyou wa rainen ni shitakatta [I wanted to announce the RGI acquisition next year]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 8.Google Scholar
Iwasa, A. (2021, September 25). Inbou-ron ni ochiitta ronkyaku [A polemicist who fell into a conspiracy theory]. Mainichi Shinbun, pp. 1–2.Google Scholar
Jackson, T., Flaherty, S. R., & Kosuth, R. (2000). Culture and self-presentation as predictors of shyness among Japanese and American female college students. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 90, 475482.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Japan Fair Trade Commission. (2016). Kachoukin genmen seido dounyuu go no 10 nen no seika to kongo no arikata [The accomplishments for ten years after introducing the leniency policy and the future plan]. www.jftc.go.jp/soshiki/kyotsukoukai/kenkyukai/dk-kondan/kaisai_h26_h28_files/205_3.pdfGoogle Scholar
Japan Tariff Association. (1988). Boueki nenkan [Tariff almanac].Google Scholar
Japan Travel Bureau. (2020). Travel year book 2020.Google Scholar
Japan Youth Research Institute. (1985). News letter. No. 9.Google Scholar
“A Japanese.” (2006, September 16). Nihon-jin, 2-do-me no V: Honba no piza kontesuto [A Japanese, a second victory: Pizza contest in the home country]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 33.Google Scholar
“Japanese academic information.” (1996, May 2). Nihon-go gakujyutsu jyouhou, bei de hasshin, shoumu-shou de kikai-honyaku [Japanese academic information, transmitted to the US, machine-translated at the Department of Commerce]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 3.Google Scholar
“A Japanese dealer.” (1997, April 9). Houjin diiraa ude 1 hon de 39 oku en [A Japanese dealer, 3.9 billion yen by himself]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 12.Google Scholar
Japanese Electrical Electronic & Information Union. (1986). 10 ka-koku denki roudousha no ishiki chousa [The attitude survey of electrical, electronic, and information workers in 10 countries]. Chosa-Jiho, No. 212, p. 276.Google Scholar
Japanese Electrical Electronic & Information Union. (2000). 14 ka-koku denki roudousha no ishiki chousa (Dai 3 kai kokusai kyoudou chousa) [The attitude survey of electrical, electronic, and information workers in 14 countries (The third joint international survey)]. Chosa-Jiho, No. 315, p. 214.Google Scholar
“The Japanese market.” (1990, January 24). Nihon shijyou wa heisa-teki: Kuraisuraa kaichou ga tsuuretsu hihan [The Japanese market is closed, Chrysler’s chairman lashes out]. Sankei Shinbun, Evening Edition.Google Scholar
“Japanese society lacks.” (1997, August 16). Kyoukan no shisei o kaku nihon shakai [Japanese society lacks the attitude of sympathy]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 5.Google Scholar
Jecker, N. S. (2023). Health disparities from pandemic policies: Reply to critics. Journal of Medical Ethics, 49(5), 348–349. https://doi:10.1136/medethics-2022-108295CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jecker, N. S., & Au, D. K. S. (2022). Does Zero-COVID neglect health disparities? Journal of Medical Ethics, 48(3), 169–172. https://doi:10.1136/medethics-2021-107763CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, C. A. (1982). MITI and the Japanese miracle: The growth of industrial policy, 1925–1975. Stanford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, R. T., & Ouchi, W. G. (1974). Made in America (under Japanese management). Harvard Business Review, 52, 6169.Google Scholar
Johnson, S. K. (1986). American attitudes toward Japan, 1941–1985. The Simul Press.Google Scholar
Jones, E. E. (1979). The rocky road from acts to dispositions. American Psychologist, 34, 107117.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jones, E. E. (1990). Interpersonal perception. Macmillan.Google Scholar
Jones, E. E., & Harris, V. A. (1967). The attribution of attitudes. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 3, 124.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, T. F., Craig, A. S., Hoy, D., Gunter, E. W., Ashley, D. L., Barr, D. B., Brock, J. W., & Shcaffner, W. (2000). Mass psychogenic illness attributed to toxic exposure at a high school. New England Journal of Medicine, 342(2), 96100.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kahn, H. (1970). The emerging Japanese superstate: Challenge and response. Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
Kaji, S. (1998, May 13). Jyapaniizu shou-wakusei, taiyoukei seisu [Japanese asteroids dominate the solar system]. Asahi Shinbun, Evening Edition, p. 1.Google Scholar
Kamata, S. (2002). Hankotsu no jyaanarisuto [A rebellious journalist]. Iwanami Shoten.Google Scholar
Kanaya, T. (1995, February 14). Jissen jyuushi no henkaku [Practice-oriented transformation]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 25.Google Scholar
Kaplan, E. J. (1972). Japan: The Government-Business Relationship: A Guide for the American Businessman. United States Department of Commerce.Google Scholar
“Karaoke.” (1991, February 13). Karaoke oushuu ni shinshutsu [Karaoke, expanding into Erurope]. Asahi Shinbun, Evening Edition, p. 13.Google Scholar
Karatsu, H. (1989, September 17). The wall of fierce competition. Asahi Shinbun, p. 7.Google Scholar
Kasaya, K. (1988). Shukun “oshikome” no kouzou: Kinsei daimyou to kashindan [The structure of “confinement” of lords: Early modern feudal lords and their liegemen]. Heibonsha.Google Scholar
Kashima, Y., Yamaguchi, S., Kim, U., Choi, S.-C., Gelfand, M. J., & Yuki, M. (1995). Culture, gender, and self: A perspective from individualism-collectivism research. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 925937.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaufman, P. (Dir.). (1993). Rising Sun [Film]. Twentieth Century Fox.Google Scholar
Kawabata, K., & Ohguro, M. (Dirs.). (2011, January 2). J. Dawaa ga kataru “amerika tero tono tatakai” [J. Dower talks about “America’s fight against terrorism”] [Film]. NHK (Japan Broadcasting Company).Google Scholar
Kawai, M. (1965). Newly-acquired pre-cultural behavior of the natural troop of Japanese monkeys on Koshima islet. Primates, 6, 130. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01794457CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kawakita, M. (2001). Chi no kyoukasho: Wooraasutein [A textbook of knowledge: Wallerstein]. Kodansha.Google Scholar
Kawamura, S. (1965). Nihon-zaru ni okeru rui karuchua [The pseudo-culture in Japanese monkey]. In Kawamura, S. & Itani, J. (Eds.), Saru: Shakaigakuteki kenkyu (Imanishi Kinji hakushi kanreki kinen ronbun-shuu) [Monkey: Sociological studies (Collection of papers in commemoration of the 60th anniversary of Dr. Kinji Imanishi)] (pp. 237–289). Chuokoron.Google Scholar
Kawasaki, I. (1969). Japan unmasked. Charles E. Tuttle Company.Google Scholar
Kawashima, T. (1997). Jyuugo: ryuugen, tousho no “taiheiyou sensou” [The home front: “The Pacific War” seen in rumors and letters]. Yomiuri-Shinbun-Sha.Google Scholar
Keller, J. (2005). In genes we trust: The biological component of psychological essentialism and its relationship to mechanisms of motivated social cognition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88(4), 686702.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kenrick, D. T., & Funder, D. C. (1988). Profiting from controversy: Lessons from the person-situation debate. American Psychologist, 43(1), 2334.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kent, P. (1997). Benedikuto no jinsei to gakumon [Benedict’s life and studies]. In Benedict, R., Japanese behavior patterns (N. Fukui, Trans.) (pp. 173211). NHK Publishing.Google Scholar
Kim, K. I., Park, H.-J., & Suzuki, N. (1990). Reward allocations in the United States, Japan, and Korea: A comparison of individualistic and collectivistic cultures. Academy of Management Journal, 33, 188198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kimura, B. (1972). Hito to hito tono aida: Seishin-byourigaku-teki nihonjin-ron [Between person and person: A psychopathologic Japanology]. Kobundo.Google Scholar
King, G. E. (1976). Society and territory in human evolution. Journal of Human Evolution, 5, 323332.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kitayama, S. (1998). Jiko to Kanjou [Self and emotion]. Kyoritsu Shuppan.Google Scholar
Kitayama, S. (1999). Bunka to kokoro ni tsuiteno minori aru daiarougu ni mukete: Takano & Osaka (1997) ronbun no igi to mondai [Toward a fruitful dialogue on culture and psychology: Comments on Takano & Osaka (1997)]. Cognitive Studies, 6, 106114.Google Scholar
Kitayama, S. (2002). Culture and basic psychological processes – Toward a system view of culture: Comment on Oyserman et al. (2002). Psychological Bulletin, 128(1), 8996.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kiyonaga, S. (2008). Kikotsu no hanketsu: Tojo Hideki to tatakatta saibankan [A gritty decision: A judge who fought Hideki Tojo]. Shinchosha.Google Scholar
Klayman, J., & Ha, Y.-W. (1987). Confirmation, disconfirmation, and information in hypothesis testing. Psychological Review, 94(2), 211228.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kobayashi, E., & Farrington, D. P. (2020). Why is student deviance lower in Japan than in the United States? Influences of individual, parental, peer, social, and environmental factors. International Criminal Justice Review, 30(4), 365385.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kobayashi, E., Kerbo, H. R., & Sharp, S. F. (2010). Differences in individualistic and collectivistic tendencies among college students in Japan and the United States. International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 51, 5984. doi.org/10.1177/0020715209343424CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kodama, S., Campbell, M., Tanaka, M., & Inoue, Y. (2022). Understanding Japan’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Medical Ethics, 48(3), 173. https://doi:10.1136/medethics-2022-108189CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koike, K. (2005). Shigoto no keizai-gaku [The economics of work] (3rd ed.). Toyo-Keizai-Shinpo-Sha.Google Scholar
Koike, K. (2009). Nihon sangyou shakai no “shinwa”: Keizai jigyaku shikan wo tadasu [The “myth” of Japanese economic society: Correct the self-deprecating view of economic history]. Nikkei.Google Scholar
Koike, K. (2015). Sengo roudou-shi kara mita chingin [Wages seen from the perspective of postwar Labor history]. Toyo Keizai.Google Scholar
Komori, Y. (1983). Jyapan o tatake! [Bash Japan!]. PHP Institute.Google Scholar
Komura, K., & Yamada, R. (Dirs.). (2010, October 8). Hanzai-gakusha nirusu kurisuti: Shuujin ni yasashii kuni kara no houkoku [Criminologist Nils Christie: A report from a prisoner-friendly country] [Film]. NHK (Japan Broadcasting Company).Google Scholar
Kondo, K. (2001, September 21). Beikoku douji tahatsu tero: Kanashimi no “kyousei” ni iwakan [The synchronized terrorist attacks in the US: A feeling of strangeness in “coercion” of grief]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 12.Google Scholar
Kopp, R. (1994, April 28). Nihon kigyou wa “sabetsu” mo yushutsu shiteirunoka [Do Japanese firms export “discrimination” as well?]. SAPIO, 2728.Google Scholar
Kroeber, A. L. (1917). The superorganic. American Anthropologist, 19, 163213.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kugai, S. (1990). Hariuddo to makkaashiizumu [Hollywood and McCarthyism]. Chikuma Shobo.Google Scholar
Kumada, T. (2007). Sokoni nihon-jin ga ita! Umi o watatta gosenzo-sama tachi [There were Japanese there! Ancestors who crossed the sea]. Shinchosha.Google Scholar
Kumada, T. (2009). Sugoizo nihonjin: Zoku umi o watatta gosenzo-sama tachi [Amazing Japanese: Ancestors who crossed the sea 2]. Shinchosha.Google Scholar
Kumagai, H. A., & Kumagai, A. K. (1986). The hidden “I” in amae: “Passive love” and Japanese social perception. Ethos, 14(3), 305320. https://doi.org/10.1525/eth.1986.14.3.02a00040CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kurokawa, S. (1994). Akagari jidai no beikoku daigaku: Ososugita meiyo kaifuku [American universities in the Red Scare Era: Too late to restore honor]. Chuokoron.Google Scholar
Lang, P. J. & Lazovik, A. D. (1963). Experimental desensitization of a phobia. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 66, 519525.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
LaPiere, R. T. (1934). Attitude versus actions. Social Forces, 13, 230237.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Larsen, K. S. (1974). Conformity in the Asch experiment. Journal of Social Psychology, 94, 303304.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Latané, B., & Darley, J. M. (1968). Group inhibition of bystander intervention in emergencies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 10(3), 215221.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, J. (2011, March 10). President Obama & the First Lady at the White House Conference on Bullying Prevention. The White House: President Barack Obama. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2011/03/10/president-obama-first-lady-white-house-conference-bullying-preventionCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, S. (1990, February 26). Fear and loathing of Japan. Fortune, 121(5).Google Scholar
Lemoine, S., Boesch, C., Preis, A., Samuni, L., Crockford, C., & Wittig, R. M. (2020). Group dominance increases territory size and reduces neighbour pressure in wild chimpanzees. Royal Society Open Science, 7: 200577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.200577CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leonardsen, D. (2004). Japan as a low-crime nation. Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lepper, M. R., Ross, L., & Lau, R. R. (1986). Persistence of inaccurate beliefs about the self: Perseverance effects in the classroom. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50(3), 482491.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lerner, J. S., Li, Y., Valdesolo, P., & Kassam, K. S. (2015). Emotion and decision making. Annual Review of Psychology, 66, 799823.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leung, K., & Bond, M. H. (1984). The impact of cultural collectivism on reward allocation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 793804.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leung, K., & Iwawaki, S. (1988). Cultural collectivism and distributive behavior. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 19, 3549.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lincoln, J. R., & Kalleberg, A. L. (1990). Culture, Control and Commitment: A study of work organization and work attitudes in the United States and Japan. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Lindsay, P. H., & Norman, D. A. (1977). Human information processing (2nd ed.). Academic Press.Google Scholar
Lippmann, W. (1922). Public opinion. Harcourt, Brace & Co.Google Scholar
List of school shootings in the United States (before 2000). (2022, January 26). In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_school_shootings_in_the_United_States_(before_2000)&oldid=1067984027Google Scholar
Lowell, P. (1888). The soul of the Far East. Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
“Loyalty to company.” (2002, June 7). Kaisha ni chuusei-shin, nihon wa saitei suijyun? [Loyalty to company: Is Japan at the lowest level?]. Asahi Shinbun, Evening Edition, p. 18.Google Scholar
“Loyalty to company lower than the US.” (1990, November 23). Bei yori hikui kaisha chuusei-shin [Loyalty to company lower than the US]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 11.Google Scholar
Lukes, S. (2006). Individualism. ECPR Press. (Original work published 1973.)Google Scholar
Lummis, C. D. (1981). Uchinaru gaikoku: “Kiku to katana” saikou [A new look at The Chrysanthemum and the Sword]. Jiji Press.Google Scholar
Mahler, I., Greenberg, L., & Hayashi, H. (1981). A comparative study of rules of justice: Japanese versus American. Psychologia, 24, 18.Google Scholar
Makino, K. (2018). Keizai-gakusha tachi no nichibei kaisen [The outbreak of the Japan-US warfare for economists]. Shincho-Sha.Google Scholar
Mann, L. (1980). Cross-cultural studies of small groups. In Triandis, H. C. & Brislin, R. (Eds.), Handbook of cross-cultural psychology (Vol. V, pp. 155209). Allyn & Bacon.Google Scholar
Mann, L. (1988). Culture and conformity. In Bond, M. H. (Ed.), The cross-cultural challenge to social psychology (pp. 184187). Sage.Google Scholar
Mann, R. D. (1959). A review of the relationships between personality and performance in small groups. Psychological Bulletin, 56, 241270.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maraini, F. (2009). Zuihitsu Nihon: Itaria-jin no mita shouwa no nihon [An essay on Japan: Showa Japan as seen by an Italian] (A. Okada, M. Hashimoto, A. Inoue, A. Yamasaki, M. Suzuki, & T. Sumi, Trans.). Shouraisha. (Original work published 1957.)Google Scholar
“Market opening.” (1994, March 13). Idou denwa no shijyou kaihou [Market opening of mobile phones]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 1.Google Scholar
Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98, 224253.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mashima, R., Yamagishi, T., & Macy, M. (2004). Shinrai to kyouryoku ni kansuru nichi bei koudou hikaku: Kurikaeshi no aru jikken geemu ni okeru naishuudan senkou to shinrai koudou no nichi bei hikaku [Trust and cooperation: A comparison of ingroup preference and trust behavior between American and Japanese students]. Japanese Journal of Psychology, 75, 308315.Google Scholar
Masuda, T., & Yamagishi, T. (2010). Bunka shinrigaku: Kokoroga tsukuru bunka, bunka ga tsukuru kokoro [Cultural psychology: Culture created by mind, mind created by culture]. Baifukan.Google Scholar
Masuda, Y. (1949). Sengo roudou keizai no bunseki [Analysis of the postwar labor economy]. Rodo-Bunka-Sha.Google Scholar
Matsumoto, D. (1999). Culture and self: An empirical assessment of Markus and Kitayama’s theory of independent and interdependent self-construal. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 2, 289310. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-839X.00042CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matsumoto, D., Consolacion, T., Yamada, H., Suzuki, R., Franklin, B., Paul, S., & Uchida, H. (2002). American-Japanese cultural differences in judgments of emotional expressions of different intensities. Cognition and Emotion, 16, 721747. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930143000608CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matsumoto, D., Grissom, R. J., & Dinnel, D. L. (2001). Do between-culture differences really mean that people are different? A look at some measures of cultural effect size. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 32(4), 478490.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matsumoto, D., Kudoh, T., & Takeuchi, S. (1996). Changing patterns of individualism and collectivism in the United States and Japan. Culture & Psychology, 2, 77107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matsumoto, D., Weissman, M. D., Preston, K., Brown, B. R., & Kupperbusch, G. (1997). Context-specific measurement of individualism-collectivism on the individual level: The individualism-collectivism interpersonal assessment inventory. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 28(6), 743767.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matsumura, T., & Yano, H. (Eds.). (2007). Tairyou gyakusatsu no shakaishi [The social history of massacres]. Minerva Shobo.Google Scholar
Matsunaga, M., & Imahori, T. T. (2009). Profiling family communication standards: A US–Japan comparison. Communication Research, 36(1), 331. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650208326459CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mayzner, M. S., & Tresselt, M. E. (1965). Tables of single-letter and bigram frequency counts for various word-length and letter-position combinations. Psychonomic Monograph Supplements, 1(2), 1332.Google Scholar
McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1987). Validation of the five-factor model of personality across instruments and observers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(1), 8190. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.52.1.81CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McNeill, W. H. (1982). The pursuit of power. The University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McVee, M. B., Dunsmore, K., & Gavelek, J. R. (2005). Schema theory revisited. Review of Educational Research, 75(4), 531566.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mears, H. (1948). Mirror for Americans: Japan. Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Medoff, J. L., & Abraham, K. G. (1980). Experience, performance, and earnings. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 95(4), 703736.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meiser, T., & Hewstone, M. (2010). Contingency learning and stereotype formation: Illusory and spurious correlations revisited. European Review of Social Psychology, 21, 285331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meissner, C. A., & Brigham, J. (2001). Thirty years of investigating the own-race bias in memory for faces. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 7(1), 335.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mikuriya, T., & Oshio, K. (1996). Wasurerareta nichi-bei kankei [The forgotten Japan–US relation]. Chikuma Shobo.Google Scholar
Milgram, S. (1963). Behavioral study of obedience. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 67, 371378.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Milgram, S. (1964). Group pressure and action against a person. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 69, 137143.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Milgram, S. (1974). Obedience to authority: An experimental view. Harper & Row.Google Scholar
Milgram, S., Bickman, L., & Berkowitz, L. (1969). Note on the drawing power of crowds of different size. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 13(2), 7982.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, A. G. (1976). Constraint and target effects in the attribution of attitude. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 12, 325339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. (2016). Gakkou kihon chousa [Report on School Basic Survey]. www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/toukei/chousa01/kihon/1267995.htmGoogle Scholar
Ministry of Finance. (2019). Zaisei ni kansuru shiryou [The data for financial administration]. www.mof.go.jp/tax_policy/summary/condition/a02.htmGoogle Scholar
Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. (2004). Roudousha hitori heikin nenkan sou-jitsu-roudou-jikan no suii [The trend of averaged annual actual working hours per worker]. www.mhlw.go.jp/shingi/2004/09/s0928-7/c01.htmlGoogle Scholar
Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. (2011). Roudou keizai no bunseki [Analyses of labor economy]. www.mhlw.go.jp/wp/hakusyo/roudou/11/Google Scholar
Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. (2017). Roudou sougi toukei chousa [Survey on labor disputes]. www.e-stat.go.jp/stat-search/files?page=1&toukei=00450108&tstat=000001014031&cycle=0&tclass1=000001021851&result_page=1&tclass2val=0Google Scholar
Ministry of International Trade and Industry. (1990). Tsuushou hakusho [White paper on trade].Google Scholar
Ministry of International Trade and Industry. (1993). Myths vs. Facts: Answering your questions about Japan.Google Scholar
Mischel, W. (1968). Personality and assessment. Wiley.Google Scholar
Mischel, W. (1973). Toward a cognitive social learning reconceptualization of personality. Psychological Review, 80(4), 252283.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mischel, W. (2004). Toward an integrative science of the person. Annual Review of Psychology, 55, 122.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miura, T. (2001, October 28). Ima wa jiyuu yori anzen [Now safety rather than freedom]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 7.Google Scholar
Miura, T. (2002, April 6). Nichi-bei doumei tenbou 5 [The Japan–US alliance vision 5]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 4.Google Scholar
Miura, T., Tateno, J., & Yamawaki, T. (2002, January 20). Busshu Seiken hossoku 1 nen [First year of the Bush administration]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 3.Google Scholar
Miwa, Y. (1998). Seifu no nouryoku [Competence of the state]. Yuhikaku.Google Scholar
Miwa, Y. (2004). State competence and economic growth in Japan. RoutledgeCurzon.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miwa, Y. (2015). Japan’s economic planning and mobilization in wartime, 1930s–1940s: The competence of the state. Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miwa, Y., & Ramseyer, J. M. (2001). Nihon keizai ron no gokai: “Keiretsu” no jubaku kara no kaiho [Misunderstandings in the theory of the Japanese economy: Liberation from the spell of the “keiretsu”]. Toyo Keizai.Google Scholar
Miwa, Y., & Ramseyer, J. M. (2002). Sangyo seisaku-ron no gokai: koudo seicho no shinjitsu [Misunderstandings about industrial policy: Truth about Japan’s high growth]. Toyo keizai.Google Scholar
Miwa, Y., & Ramseyer, J. M. (2006). The fable of the keiretsu: Urban legends of the Japanese economy. The University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miyamoto, Y., & Sakai, H. (2008, September 24). Heishi tachi no akumu [Soldiers’ nightmare] [Film]. NHK (Japan Broadcast Company).Google Scholar
Miyazaki, H. (1995, September 4). Oyaji no senaka [The back of my Dad]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 10.Google Scholar
Miyazaki, M. (1995) Shirare-zaru jyapanorojisuto: Rooeru no shougai [An unknown Japanologist: The life of Lowell]. Maruzen.Google Scholar
Morioka, K. (2004a). Karoushi karou-jisatsu wo meguru nichi-bei hikaku [A Japan–USA comparison concerning death and suicide due to overwork]. Science of Labor, 59(6), 343346.Google Scholar
Morioka, K. (2004b). Amerika no roudou jikan ronsou to hataraki-sugi no jittai [Controversy about working hours and realities of overwork in USA]. Kansai University Institutional Repository, 54(3–4), 521544.Google Scholar
Morisaki, S. (2004). Kojin-shugi/shuudan-shugi teki kachikan ni kansuru hikaku bunka kenkyu: Nihon, amerika, chuugoku, filipin, mareeshia no shakai-jin to daigakusei [Cross-cultural study of individualistic and collectivistic values: Workers and university students in five countries]. Human Communication Studies, 32, 6992.Google Scholar
Morita, Y. (Ed./Trans.). (1998). Sekai no ijime: Kakkoku no genjyou to torikumi [Bullying around the world: Current situation and effort in each country]. Kaneko Shobo.Google Scholar
Morrow, L. (1983, August 1). All the hazards and threats of success: After their miracle, the Japanese fear “advanced nations’ disease.” Time, 2025.Google Scholar
Mouer, R. E., & Sugimoto, Y. (1986). Images of Japanese society: A study in the social construction of reality. Routledge & Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
“Mr. Hara.” (1989, May 13). Hara senshu wa ayatsuri ningyou desu [Mr. Hara is a puppet]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 23.Google Scholar
“Mr. Miyagi.” (2006, May 31). Kaisha keieisha de ongaku-ka no Miyagi-san, buraamusu no kochi de shiki [Mr. Miyagi, a company owner and musician, conducts at a place related to Brahms]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 30.Google Scholar
“Mr. Suguru Yonezawa.” (2010, October 6). Kanreki no opera kashu demo aru igakusha yonezawa suguru san [Mr. Suguru Yonezawa: A medical scientist and 60-year-old opera singer]. Yomiuri Shinbun, Evening Edition, p. 1.Google Scholar
Mufson, S. (2008, January 4). Video of sleeping guards shakes nuclear industry. The Washington Post, A1, A4.Google Scholar
Murakami, Y., Kumon, S., & Sato, S. (1979). Bunmei toshite no ie shakai [Ie society as a civilization]. Chuokoron.Google Scholar
Murdock, G. P. (1945). The common denominator of cultures. In Linton, R. (Ed.), The science of man in the world crisis (pp. 123142). Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Nagano, A. (2009). “Haji no bunka” to iu shinwa [The myth of the “shame culture”]. Soushisha.Google Scholar
Nagasaki, N. (2022). The Great Rebellion of India in 1857. Chikuma Shobo.Google Scholar
Nakabayashi, M. (1999). Seishi-gyou ni okeru roushi kankei no keisei [Formation of industrial relations in the silk reeling industry]. Journal of Historical Science, 108(6), 143.Google Scholar
Nakabayashi, M. (2003). Kindai shihonshugi no soshiki: Seishi-gyou no hatten niokeru torihiki no touchi to seisan kouzou [An organization in modern capitalism: The governance of trade and the system of production in the development of the silk reeling industry]. University of Tokyo Press.Google Scholar
Nakamura, T. (1983). Senji nihon no kahoku keizai shihai [The economic domination of north China by wartime Japan]. Yamakawa Shuppansha.Google Scholar
Nakane, C. (1964). Nihon-teki shakai kouzou no hakken: Tan-itsu shakai no riron [Discovering Japanese social structure: A theory of single society]. Chuokoron, May, pp. 48–85.Google Scholar
Nakane, C. (1970). Japanese society. University of California Press. (Original work published 1967.)Google Scholar
Nakase, Y. (1995). Kitasato Shibasaburo niyoru pesuto-kin hakken to sono shuuhen: Pesuto-kin hakken hyaku-nen ni chinande [Shibasaburo Kitasato’s discovery of plague bacillus and its historical background: On the occasion of the centennial anniversary]. Japanese Journal of Bacteriology, 50(3), 637650.Google Scholar
Namiki, N. (1994, April 28). “Shuushin koyou” mo “shuudan-shugi-teki keiei” mo jigoku ni ochiru zaigou da [Lifetime employment and collectivistic management are both sins that go to hell]. SAPIO, 29.Google Scholar
Narisada, A., & Schieman, S. (2016). “A quintessentially American thing?” The unexpected link between individualistic values and the sense of personal control. Society and Mental Health, 6, 147167. https://doi.org/10.1177/2156869316667448CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neff, R., Magnusson, P., & Holstein, W. J. (1989, August 7). Japan. Business Week, 12–20.Google Scholar
Neisser, U. (1976). Cognition and reality. Freeman.Google Scholar
Nettle, S. K., & Sakurai, K. (1989). Dokusou ga umarenai [No originality emerges]. Chijinkan.Google Scholar
NHK (2015, October 22). Waarudo supootsu MLB [World sports MLB]. Japan Broadcasting Corporation.Google Scholar
NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute. (1982). Nihon-jin to amerika-jin [The Japanese and Americans]. Japan Broadcast Corporation.Google Scholar
Nisbett, R. E. (2003). The geography of thought. Free Press.Google Scholar
Nisbett, R. E., & Ross, L. (1980). Human inference: Strategies and shortcomings of social judgment. Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
Nishikawa, A., Balz, C. G., & Ferrari, J. R. (1999). Age-related comparisons for ethnic identity by Japanese and Americans. Psychological Reports, 84, 862864.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishimura, K. (2001, August 14). Madakkusu, chiimu no tame kiroku wo gisei [Maddux sacrificed his record for the team]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 12.Google Scholar
Nishimura, K. (2009, April 21). Ichiro no uso to honne [Ichiro’s lie and real intention]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 17.Google Scholar
Noah, J. A., Ono, Y., Shimada, S., Tachibana, A., & Bronner, S. (2015). Changes in sympathetic tone during cooperative game play. Social Behavior and Personality, 43, 11231134. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2015.43.7.1123CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noguchi, K. (2007). Examination of the content of individualism/collectivism scales in cultural comparisons of the USA and Japan. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 10, 131144. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-839X.2007.00220.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noguchi, Y. (1995). 1940 nen taisei: Saraba “senji keizai” [The 1940 system: Farewell to the wartime economy]. Toyo Keizai.Google Scholar
Nomura Research Institute. (1978). Nihonjin-ron: Kokusai kyouchou jidai ni sonaete [Japanology: In preparation for the age of international cooperation]. Reference, No. 2.Google Scholar
Norman, E. H. (1949). Ando Shoeki and the anatomy of Japanese feudalism. Asiatic Society of Japan.Google Scholar
Odlin, T. (1989). Language transfer: Cross-linguistic influence in language learning. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139524537CrossRefGoogle Scholar
OECD. (2022). Average annual hours actually worked per worker. https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DatasetCode=ANHRSGoogle Scholar
Ogura, K. (2015). An international comparison of “illegal labor” [“Ihou roudou” no kokusai hikaku]. The Japanese Journal of Labour Studies, No. 654, 4552.Google Scholar
Ohmichi, H. (1998, April 8). Raibu Pikuchaa CEO Sukarii shi ni kiku [Listening to Mr. John Sculley, the CEO of LivePicture]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 12.Google Scholar
Ohtake, F. (1995). Satei to kinzoku-nensuu ga shoukaku ni ataeru eikyou [The influence of assessment and service years on promotion]. The Economic Review, 46(3), 241248.Google Scholar
Ohtsuki, S., & Honda, M. (1991). Nichi-bei FSX sensou: Nichi-bei doumei o yurugasu gijyutsu masatsu [Japan-US FSX war: Technological friction shaking the Japan–US alliance]. Ronsosha.Google Scholar
Oishi, S., Hahn, J., Schimmack, U., Radhakrishan, P., Dzokoto, V., & Ahadi, S. (2005). The measurement of values across cultures: A pairwise comparison approach. Journal of Research in Personality, 39, 299305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2004.08.001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Okazaki, T., & Okuno, M. (Eds.). (1993). Gendai nihon keizai shisutemu no genryuu [The origin of the modern economic system of Japan]. Nikkei.Google Scholar
Orbell, J., & Morikawa, T. (2011). An evolutionary account of suicide attacks: The kamikaze case. Political Psychology, 32(2), 297322.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Osada, N. (2009). Seki Takakazu no enshuu-ritsu no keisan [Calculation of pi by Takakazu Seki]. RIMS (Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences) Kokyuroku, 1625, 200211.Google Scholar
Ostrom, T. M., & Sedikides, C. (1992). Out-group homogeneity effects in natural and minimal groups. Psychological Bulletin, 112(3), 536552.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Otani, K. (1996). Han tokushu shugi no keizai gaku [The economics of anti-specialism]. Toyo Keizai.Google Scholar
Ottolenghi, L. (Dir.). (2013). The Virtual Reality of Cyberbullying [Film]. Submit the Documentary.Google Scholar
Oyserman, D., Coon, H. M., & Kemmelmeier, M. (2002). Rethinking individualism and collectivism: Evaluation of theoretical assumptions and meta-analyses. Psychological Bulletin, 128, 372. https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-2909.128.1.3CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pape, R. A. (2003). The strategic logic of suicide terrorism. American Political Science Review, 97(3), 343361.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patrick, H. (1977). The future of the Japanese economy: Output and labor productivity. Journal of Japanese Studies, 3(2), 219249.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patterson, M., & Schekman, R. (2018). Scientific publishing: A new twist on peer review. eLife, 7, e36545. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.36545CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pauker, K., Carpinella, C., Meyers, C., Young, D. M., & Sanchez, E. T. (2018). The role of diversity exposure in whites’ reduction in race essentialism over time. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 9(8), 944952.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pearson, P. D. (1992). Reading. In Aikin, M. C. (Ed.), The encyclopedia of educational research (Vol. III, pp. 10751085). American Educational Research Association.Google Scholar
Peng, K., Nisbett, R. E., & Wong, N. Y. C. (1997). Validity problems comparing values across cultures and possible solutions. Psychological Methods, 2(4), 329344.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perrin, S., & Spencer, C. P. (1981). Independence or conformity in the Asch experiment as a reflection of cultural and situational factors. British Journal of Social Psychology, 20, 205210.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perry, D. G., Kusel, S. J., & Perry, L. C. (1988). Victims of peer aggression. Developmental Psychology, 24, 807814.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
“Peter Wickens.” (1988, May 11). Piitaa wikenzu eikoku nissan torishimariyaku [Peter Wickens Nissan Motor UK director]. Asahi-shinbun, p. 11.Google Scholar
Pinker, S. (1994). The language instinct: How the mind creates language. W. Morrow.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pinker, S. (2007). The stuff of thought: Language as a window into human nature. Viking.Google Scholar
Pinker, S. (2011). The better angels of our nature: Why violence has declined. Viking.Google Scholar
Plath, D. W. (1980). Long engagements: Maturity in modern Japan. Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Pomerantz, K. (2000). The great divergence. Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Popper, K. R. (1959). The logic of scientific discovery. Hutchinson.Google Scholar
Porter, M. E. (1990). The competitive advantage of nations. Free Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pratten, S. (2012). Essentialism and the social. The Sociological Review, 60(2), 241266. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954X.2012.02072.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Putnam, R. D. (2000). Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community. Simon & Schuster.Google Scholar
Ragni, M., Kola, I., & Johnson-Laird, P. N. (2018). Selecting evidence to test hypotheses: A theory of selection tasks. Psychological Bulletin, 144(8), 779796.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reddy, B. G., & Bellezza, F. S. (1983). Encoding specificity in free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 9(1), 167174.Google Scholar
Reischauer, E. O. (1988). The Japanese today: Change and continuity. Belknap Press.Google Scholar
Riesman, D. (1954). Individualism reconsidered and other essays. Free Press.Google Scholar
Riesman, D., & Riesman, E. T. (1967). Conversations in Japan: Modernization, politics, and culture. Basic Books.Google Scholar
Riko, M., Mori, S., & Sone, Y. (1980). Manjou icchi to tasuuketsu [Unanimity and majority voting]. Nikkei.Google Scholar
Robinson, W. S. (1950). Ecological correlations and the behavior of individuals. American Sociological Review, 15, 351357.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rodseth, L. (1998). Distributive models of culture: A Sapirian alternative to essentialism. American Anthropologist, 100(1), 5569.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rohlen, T. P. (1983). Japan’s high school. University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rokeach, M. (1973). The nature of human values. Free Press.Google Scholar
Rösener, W. (1993). Die Bauern in der europäischen Geschichte [The peasants in the European history]. C. H. Beck.Google Scholar
Rosenthal, R. (1979). The “file drawer problem” and tolerance for null results. Psychological Bulletin, 86, 638641. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.86.3.638CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosling, H., Rosling, O., & Rönnlund, A. R. (2018). Factfulness: Ten reasons we’re wrong about the world – And why things are better than you think. Sceptre.Google Scholar
Ross, L. (1977). The intuitive psychologist and his shortcomings. In Berkowitz, L. (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 10, pp. 173220). Academic Press.Google Scholar
Ross, L., Amabile, T. M., & Steinmetz, J. L. (1977). Social roles, social control, and biases in social perception processes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 35(7), 485494.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ross, L., Lepper, M. R., & Hubbard, M. (1975). Perseverance in self-perception and social perception: Biased attributional processes in the debriefing paradigm. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 32(5), 880892.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ross, L., & Nisbett, R. E. (1991). The person and the situation: Perspectives of social psychology. Temple University Press.Google Scholar
Rowen, H. (1985, August 3). … and bashing Japan doesn’t help. The Philadelphia Inquirer, 9-A.Google Scholar
Rumelhart, D. E. (1975). Notes on a schema for stories. In Bobrow, D. G. & Collins, A. M. (Eds.), Representation and understanding: Studies in cognitive science (pp. 211236). Academic Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sahara, T. (2008). Bosunia naisen [Bosnian civil war]. Yushisha.Google Scholar
Saiga, M. (1978). Kazoku seido no hensen to kyouiku [The transition of family system and education]. Journal of Educational Research, 12, 4354.Google Scholar
Sako, H. (1975). Douchou koudou no jikken bunka shinrigaku-teki kenkyu [An experimental cultural psychological study of conforming behavior] [Unpublished graduation thesis]. School of Human Sciences, Osaka University.Google Scholar
“Salomon trader was paid $31.45 million.” (1997, April 8). The New York Times, p. 5.Google Scholar
Sanger, D. E. (1993, April 3). Student’s killing displays dark side of Japan schools. The New York Times, p. 1.Google Scholar
Sato, H. (1984). Gakkou funjyou no shiteki kousatsu [A historical study of school disturbances] [Unpublished Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research report]. Ministry of Education, Japan.Google Scholar
Sato, T. (2007). Senji taisei to genron tousei [Wartime regime and speech control]. In Kashiwakura, Y., Sato, T., & Komuro, H. (Eds.), Nihon no masu-media [The mass media of Japan] (pp. 93103). Foundation for the Promotion of the Open University of Japan.Google Scholar
Schiavo-Campo, S. (1978). International economics: An introduction to theory and policy. Winthrop Publishers.Google Scholar
Schimmack, U., Oishi, S., & Diener, E. (2005). Individualism: A valid and important dimension of cultural differences between nations. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 9(1), 1731.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schmuckler, M. A. (2001). What is ecological validity? A dimensional analysis. Infancy, 2(4), 419436.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schooler, C. (1990). The individual in Japanese history: Parallels to and divergences from the European experience. Sociological Forum, 5(4), 569594.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schwartz, S. H. (1990). Individualism-Collectivism: Critique and proposed refinements. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 21(2), 139157.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schwartz, S. H. (1992). Universals in the content and structure of values. In Zanna, M. (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 25, pp. 165). Academic Press.Google Scholar
Schwartz, S. H. (1994). Beyond individualism/collectivism: New cultural dimensions of values. In Kim, U., Triandis, H. C., Kaĝitçibasi, C., Choi, S.-C., & Yoon, G. (Eds.), Individualism and collectivism: Theory, method, and applications (pp. 85–119). Sage.Google Scholar
Schwartz, S. H., & Bilsky, W. (1987). Toward a universal psychological structure of human values. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 550562.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott, R. (Dir.). (1989). Black Rain [Film]. Paramount Pictures.Google Scholar
Sedikides, C., Gaertner, L., & Toguchi, Y. (2003). Pancultural selfenhancement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 6079. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.84.1.60CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Seligman, M. E. (1972). Learned helplessness. Annual Review of Medicine, 23(1), 407412.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sharnoff, L. (1986). Totto-chan no wasure-mono [Something lost by Totto-chan]. Shincho 45, 5(1), 4248.Google Scholar
Shimizu, A. (2007). Kuroachia dokuritsu-koku ni okeru serubia-jin gyakusatsu (1941–42) [The massacre of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia (1941–42)]. In Matsumura, T. & Yano, H. (Eds.), Tairyou gyakusatsu no shakaishi [The social history of massacres] (pp. 93–117). Minerva Shobo.Google Scholar
Shindo, M. (1993). Douchou-koudou ni kansuru jikken-shakai-shinnrigaku-teki kenkyu: Shuudan-shugi/kojin-shugi tono kankei [An experimental social psychological study on conformity behavior: Its relation to individualism/collectivism] [Unpublished Graduation thesis]. Nihon University.Google Scholar
Shinjo, N. (1994, July 13). Nakano Shuichi san, amachua tenmonka [Mr. Nakano Shuichi, an amateur astronomer]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 3.Google Scholar
Shinohara, T. (2002, May 20). Sutoraikaa [Striker]. Asahi Shinbun, Evening Edition, p. 13.Google Scholar
Shiono, N. (1987). Waga tomo makiaverri: Firenze sonbou [My friend Machiavelli: The survival of Florence]. Chuokoron.Google Scholar
Simmel, G. (2009). Sociology: Inquiries into the construction of social forms (Blasi, A. J., Jacobs, A. K., & Kanjirathinkal, M., Trans.). Brill. (Original work published 1923.)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singelis, T. M., Triandis, H. C., Bhawuk, D. P., & Gelfand, M. J. (1995). Horizontal and vertical dimensions of individualism and collectivism: A theoretical and measurement refinement. Cross-Cultural Research, 29, 240275. https://doi.org/10.1177/106939719502900302CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, P. B., Trompenaars, F., & Dugan, S. (1995). The Rotter locus of control scale in 43 countries: A test of cultural relativity. International Journal of Psychology, 30, 377400.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, S. M., & Shaffer, D. R. (2000). Vividness can undermine or enhance message processing: The moderating role of vividness congruency. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26(7), 769779.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snyder, M., & Cantor, N. (1979). Testing hypotheses about other people: The use of historical knowledge. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 15, 330342.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snyder, M., & Jones, E. E. (1974). Attitude attribution when behavior is constrained. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 10, 585600.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sorokowski, P. (2009). Influence of culture on sports achievements: The case of sprint relay teams from Japan, Brazil, the USA and Great Britain. Human Movement, 10, 176181. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10038-009-0008-0CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spencer, H. (1877–1897). The principles of sociology. D. Appleton.Google Scholar
Staudigl, T., & Hanslmayr, S. (2019). Reactivation of neural patterns during memory reinstatement supports encoding specificity. Cognitive Neuroscience, 10(4), 175185. https://doi.org/10.1080/17588928.2019.1621825CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stelter, M., & Degner, J. (2018). Investigating the other-race effect in working memory. British Journal of Psychology, 109, 777798.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stephan, C. W., Stephan, W. G., Saito, I., & Barnett, S. M. (1998). Emotional expression in Japan and the United States: The nonmonolithic nature of individualism and collectivism. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 29, 728748.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sterling, T. D. (1959). Publication decision and the possible effects on inferences drawn from tests of significance – or vice versa. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 54, 3034. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1959.10501497Google Scholar
Sterling, T. D., Rosenbaum, W. L., & Weinkam, J. J. (1995). Publication decisions revisited: The effect of the outcome of statistical tests on the decision to publish and vice versa. American Statistician, 49, 108112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stoffregen, T. A. (1985). Flow structure versus retinal location in the optical control of stance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 11(5), 554565.Google ScholarPubMed
Sugimoto, H. (1992, February 26). Houjin shachou, rosu kougai no jitaku de shisatsu sareru [A Japanese president was stabbed to death at his home in a suburb of Los Angeles]. Asahi Shinbun, Evening Edition, p. 19.Google Scholar
Sugimoto, Y., & Mouer, R. (1982). Nihon-jin wa “nihon-teki” ka? [Are Japanese people “Japanesque”?]. Toyo Keizai.Google Scholar
Suizu, I. (1966). Chuusei yooroppa ni okeru sonraku to kouchi ni tusite: Nouboku kongou chiikini okeru “kiso chiiki” no naibu kouzou ni kansuru sonraku chirigaku [On villages and farmland in medieval Europe: The village geography concerning the internal structure of “basic areas” in agro-pastoral mixed areas]. Memoirs of the Faculty of Letters, Kyoto University, 10, 1154.Google Scholar
Swearer, S. M., & Espelage, D. L. (2004). Introduction: A social-ecological framework of bullying among youth. In Espelage, E. L. & Swearer, S. M. (Eds.), Bullying in American schools: A social-ecological perspective on prevention and intervention (pp. 112). Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Tachibana, T. (1984). Amerika sei kakumei houkoku [A report on the sexual revolution in America]. Bungeishunju.Google Scholar
Takagiwa, H. (1987). Nihon-jin ni totte wa towa nanika [What is wa for the Japanese?]. Sotec.Google Scholar
Takahashi, K., Ohara, N., Antonucci, T. C., & Akiyama, H. (2002). Commonalities and differences in close relationships among the Americans and Japanese: A comparison by the individualism/collectivism concept. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 26, 453465. https://doi.org/10.1080/01650250143000418CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takai, J. (2019). Senzen fukei hatsugen taizen [Encyclopedia of prewar profane words]. Limited Liability Company Publib.Google Scholar
Takano, H. (2014). Isuramu inshu kikou [Drinking journey in Islam]. Kodansha.Google Scholar
Takano, K. (1990, November 9). Houjin gakusei ra osowareru [Japanese students were attacked]. Asahi Shinbun, Evening Edition, p. 18.Google Scholar
Takano, K. (1991, May 11). Houjin shuugeki de kinko 75 nen [Seventy-five years of imprisonment for the assault on Japanese]. Asahi Shinbun, Evening Edition, p. 18.Google Scholar
Takano, Y. (1989). Methodological problems in cross-cultural studies of linguistic relativity. Cognition, 31, 141162.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Takano, Y. (1999). Shuudan-shugi ronsou o megutte: Kitayama-shi niyoru hihan no mondaiten [On the collectivism controversy: Problems in the criticisms by Mr. Kitayama]. Cognitive Studies, 6(1), 115124.Google Scholar
Takano, Y. (2008). “Shuudan-shugi” to iu sakkaku: Nihonjin-ron no omoi-chigai to sono yurai [“Collectivism” as an illusion: Japanology’s misconception and its origin]. Shin-yo-Sha.Google Scholar
Takano, Y. (2019). Nihonjin-ron no kiken na ayamachi: Bunka sutereo taipu no yuuwaku to wana [The dangerous blunder of Japanology: The temptations and traps of cultural stereotypes]. Discover Twenty-One.Google Scholar
Takano, Y., Gjerde, P. F., Osaka, E., Takeo, K., & Tanaka, A. (2021). How to choose drinks for guests: Biased interpretation of culture by native researchers. Cognitive Studies: Bulletin of the Japanese Cognitive Science Society, 28(4), 541550. https://doi.org/10.11225/cs.2021.021Google Scholar
Takano, Y., & Ito, G. (2016). 16 seiki ni torai shita senkyou-shi wa nihon-jin wo “shuudan-shugi-teki” to hyoushita ka? [Did a 16th-century Christian missionary observe that the Japanese were “collectivistic”?]. Japanese Journal of Psychology, 86(6), 584588.Google Scholar
Takano, Y., & Noda, A. (1995). Interlanguage dissimilarity enhances the decline of thinking ability during foreign language processing. Language Learning, 45(4), 657681.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takano, Y., & Osaka, E. (1997). “Nihon-jin no shuudanshugi” to“amerika-jin no kojinshugi”: Tsuusetsu no saikentou [“Japanese collectivism” and “American individualism”: Reexamining the dominant view]. Japanese Journal of Psychology, 68, 312327. https://doi.org/10.4992/jjpsy.68.312Google Scholar
Takano, Y., & Osaka, E. (1999). An unsupported common view: Comparing Japan and the US on individualism/collectivism. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 2, 311341. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-839X.00043CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takano, Y., & Osaka, E. (2018a). Comparing Japan and the United States on individualism/collectivism: A follow up review. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 21(4), 301316. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajsp.12322CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takano, Y., & Osaka, E. (2018b). “Attention, please” to situation: Replies to commentaries by Uleman, Matsumoto, Hamamura and Takemura, and Vignoles. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 21(4), 346355.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takano, Y., & Sogon, S. (2008). Are Japanese more collectivistic than Americans? Examining conformity in in-groups and the reference group effect. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 39, 237250. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022107313902CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takatsuki, T. (2002, February 11). Kienu henken, tsunoru fuman [Indelible prejudice, escalating discontent]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 13.Google Scholar
Takemura, K., & Yuki, M. (2007). Are Japanese groups more competitive than Japanese individuals? A cross-cultural validation of the interindividual-intergroup discontinuity effect. International Journal of Psychology, 42, 2735. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207590500411534CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Takenaka, H. (2000). Takenaka kyoujyu no minna no keizai-gaku [The economics for all by Professor Takenaka]. Gentosha.Google Scholar
Takeuchi, S. (2000). Ruwanda no tsuchi to hutsu: Shokuminchi-ka izen no shuudan keisei ni tsuiteno oboegaki [Tutsis and Hutus in Rwanda: A memorandum about the formation of the groups before the colonization]. In Takeuchi, S. (Ed.), Gendai afurika no funsou: Rekishi to shutai [Conflicts in modern Africa: Its history and agents] (pp. 247–292). Institute of Developing Economies.Google Scholar
Talhelm, T., & English, A. S. (2020). Historically rice-farming societies have tighter social norms in China and worldwide. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(33), 1981619824. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1909909117CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tamaki, M. (1961). Nihon gakusei-shi [The Japanese history of students]. San-ichi Shobo.Google Scholar
Tanno, Y. (2003). Seikaku no shinri: Biggu faivu to rinshou kara mita paasonariti [Psychology of personality: Personality seen from the Big Five and the clinical setting]. Saiensu-Sha.Google Scholar
Terracciano, A., Abdel-Khalek, A. M., Adam, N., Adamovova, L., Ahn, C.-k., Ahn, H.-n., Alansari, B. M., Alcalay, L., Allik, J., Angleitner, A., Avia, M. D., Ayearst, L. E., Barbaranelli, C., Beer, A., Borg-Cunen, M. A., Bratko, D., Brunner-Sciarra, M., Budzinski, L. Camart, N., … McCrae, R. R. (2005). National character does not reflect mean personality trait levels in 49 cultures. Science, 310, 96100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teshima, R. (1991). Nippon FSX o ute: Nichi-bei reisen eno doukasen; Shin zero-sen keikaku [Shoot Japanese FSX: Fuse to the cold war between Japan and the US; New Zero fighter plan]. Shinchosha.Google Scholar
“There could be a trade war.” (1994, February 15). Boueki sensou mo ariuru: Nihon wa “jyuushou shugi” [There could be a trade war: Japan adopts “mercantilism”]. Asahi Shinbun, Evening Edition, p. 4.Google Scholar
Thomson, D. M., & Tulving, E. (1970). Associative encoding and retrieval: Weak and strong cues. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 86(2), 255262.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tohoku University. (1960). Tohoku daigaku gojyuu-nen-shi [The fifty-year history of Tohoku University]. Tohoku University.Google Scholar
Tomita, Y. (1992). Shoushin no shikumi: Satei to kinzoku-nensuu no eikyou [The system of promotion: The effect of assessment and service years]. In Tachibanaki, T. (Ed.), Satei, shoushin, chingin kettei [Assessment, promotion, and wage decision] (pp. 49–65). Yuhikaku.Google Scholar
Tomono, S. (1995). Anchi jyapan [Anti-Japan]. Sankosha.Google Scholar
Totten, B. (1990). Nihon wa warukunai [Japan is not to blame]. Goma Shobo.Google Scholar
Triandis, H. C. (1995). Individualism & collectivism. Westview Press.Google Scholar
Triandis, H. C., Bontempo, R., Villareal, M., Asai, M., & Lucca, N. (1988). Individualism-collectivism: Cross-cultural perspectives on self-in-group relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 323338.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Triandis, H. C., Chan, D. K.-S., Bhawuk, D. P. S., Iwao, S., & Sinha, J. B. P. (1995). Multimethod probes of allocentrism and idiocentrism. International Journal of Psychology, 30(4), 461480.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Triandis, H. C., Chen, X. P., & Chan, D. K.-S. (1998). Scenarios for the measurement of collectivism and individualism. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 29, 275289.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Triandis, H. C., Leung, K., Villareal, M. J., & Clack, F. L. (1985). Allocentric versus idiocentric tendencies: Convergent and discriminant validation. Journal of Research in Personality, 19, 395415.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Triandis, H. C., McCusker, C., Betancourt, H., Iwao, S., Leung, K., Salazar, J. M., Setiadi, B., Sinha, J. B. P., Touzard, H., & Zaleski, Z. (1993). An etic–emic analysis of individualism and collectivism. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 24(3), 366383.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
“Tsugio Maeda.” (1993, March 27). Maeda Tsugio: Saikyo hishiko konkuriito shacho [Tsugio Maeda: President of Saikyo Hishiko Concrete]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 5.Google Scholar
Tsukatani, Y., & Barakan, P. (2022). Fushigina nihon-jin: Gaikoku-jin ni rikai sarenai nowa nazeka [The mysterious Japanese: Why foreigners don’t understand?]. Chikuma Shobo.Google Scholar
Tulving, E., & Thomson, E. M. (1973). Encoding specificity and retrieval processes in episodic memory. Psychological Review, 80(5), 352373.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1971). Belief in the law of small numbers. Psychological Bulletin, 76, 105110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1973). Availability: A heuristic for judging frequency and probability. Cognitive Psychology, 5, 207232.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1974). Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. Science, 185, 11241131.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ueji, S. (1996, January 11). Megachaachi [Megachurch]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 8.Google Scholar
Uesugi, S. (2000). Niji taisen-ka no “amerika minshushugi”: Souryoku-sen-ka no jiyu [“American democracy” under World War II: Freedom under the total war]. Koudan-sha.Google Scholar
Uleman, J. S. (2018). I/C: Individualism/collectivism or individuate/categorise? Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 21, 317323.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
“Unable to report.” (2000, June 30). Shokuba no fusei, houkoku dekinai [Unable to report misconducts in workplace]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 12.Google Scholar
Valignano, A. (2007). Reports on Japan [Nihon jyunsatsu ki] (Matsuda, K., Sakuma, T., & Chikamatsu, H., Eds. & Trans.). Heibon-Sha. (Original work written 1583.)Google Scholar
van Dijk, E., & de Dreu, C. K. W. (2021). Experimental games and social decision making. Annual Review of Psychology, 72, 415438.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
van Kleef, G. A., & Côté, S. (2022). The social effects of emotions. Annual Review of Psychology, 73, 629658. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-020821-010855CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
van Wolferen, K. G. (1987). The Japan problem. Foreign Affairs, Winter, 288–303.Google Scholar
Vogel, E. F. (1979). Japan as number one: Lessons for America. Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Volpi, V. (2008). Junsatsushi varinyaano to nihon [The Visitor Valignano and Japan] (K. Harada, Trans.). Ichigeisha. (Original work published 2004.)Google Scholar
Vossekuil, B., Fein, R. A., Reddy, M., Borum, R., & Modzeleski, W. (2002). The final report and findings of the safe school initiative: Implications for the prevention of school attacks in the United States. United States Secret Service and United States Department of Education. www.secretservice.gov/sites/default/files/2020-04/ssi_final_report.pdfGoogle Scholar
Wallerstein, I. (1979). The capitalist world-economy. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Warren, W. H. Kay, , , B. A., Zosh, W. D., Duchon, A. P., & Sahuc, S. (2001). Optic flow is used to control human walking. Nature Neuroscience, 4(2), 213216.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wason, P. C. (1960). On the failure to eliminate hypotheses in a conceptual task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 12(3), 129140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wason, P. C. (1966). Reasoning. In Foss, B. (Ed.), New horizons in psychology (pp. 135151). Penguin.Google Scholar
Watanabe, H. (2021). Meiji kakumei, sei, bunmei: Seijishisoushi no bouken [Meiji revolution, gender, civilization: The adventure of history of political thought]. University of Tokyo Press.Google Scholar
Watsuji, T. (1949). Kagaku-teki kachi ni taisuru gimon [The question about its scientific value]. The Japanese Journal of Ethnology, 14(4), 285289.Google Scholar
Weber, M. (1930). The protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism (T. Parsons, Trans.). Allen & Unwin. (Original work published 1904.)Google Scholar
White, T. H. (1985, July 28). The danger from Japan. The New York Times Magazine.Google Scholar
Whiting, R. (1986). Supootsu shounin Tsutsumi Yoshiaki [Sports merchant Yoshiaki Tsutsumi]. Shincho 45, 5(1), 5056.Google Scholar
Whiting, R. (2000). Mr. Ichiro, the Major League is not easy [Ichiro-kun, dai-riigu wa amaku nai zo]. Bungeishunju, December, pp. 118–124.Google Scholar
Whorf, B. L. (1956). Language, thought, and reality. The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Williams, T. P., & Sogon, S. (1984). Group composition and conforming behavior in Japanese students. Japanese Psychological Research, 26, 231234.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yamagishi, T. (1988a). Exit from the group as an individualistic solution to the free rider problem in the United States and Japan. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 24, 530542.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yamagishi, T. (1988b). The provision of a sanctioning system in the United States and Japan. Social Psychology Quarterly, 51, 265271.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yamaguchi, S., Kuhlman, D. M., & Sugimori, S. (1995). Personality correlations of allocentric tendencies in individualistic and collective cultures. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 26, 658672.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yamanaka, S. (2001, October 3). Kinchou no bei, kyokoku-icchi genshou [Charged America, phenomena of national unity]. Asahi Shinbun, p. 14.Google Scholar
Yanagida, K. (1949). Jinjyou-jin no jinsei kan [Ordinary people’s view on life]. The Japanese Journal of Ethnology, 14(4), 290297.Google Scholar
Yates, R. E. (1988, November 13). Japanese live… and die… for their work. Chicago Tribune.Google Scholar
Yoneyama, T. (2005). Boueki gyousei no hensen to sono igi: Boueki-shou, koutsuu-kyoku, tsuusan-shou [Changes in trade administrative organizations and their significance: Ministry of Trade, Transportation Bureau, and Ministry of International Trade and Industry]. Hongo Journal of Law and Politics, No. 14, 311345.Google Scholar
Yoshino, K. (1992). Cultural nationalism in contemporary Japan: A sociological enquiry. Routledge.Google Scholar
Yoshioka, A. (1975). Indo to igirisu [India and England]. Iwanami Shoten.Google Scholar
Yuki, M. (2003). Intergroup comparison versus intragroup relationships: A cross-cultural examination of social identity theory in North American and East Asian cultural contexts. Social Psychology Quarterly, 66, 166183. https://doi.org/10.2307/1519846CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yzerbyt, V. Y., Corneille, O., & Estrada, C. (2001). The interplay of subjective essentialism and entitativity in the formation of stereotypes. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 5(2), 141155.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zebrowitz, L. A. (2017). First impressions from faces. Psychological Science, 26(3), 237242. https://doi.org/10.1177/096372141668399Google ScholarPubMed
Zemeckis, R. L. (Dir.). (1989). Back to the Future Part II [Film]. Universal Pictures.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • References
  • Yohtaro Takano, University of Tokyo
  • Book: Cultural Stereotype and Its Hazards
  • Online publication: 21 November 2024
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • References
  • Yohtaro Takano, University of Tokyo
  • Book: Cultural Stereotype and Its Hazards
  • Online publication: 21 November 2024
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • References
  • Yohtaro Takano, University of Tokyo
  • Book: Cultural Stereotype and Its Hazards
  • Online publication: 21 November 2024
Available formats
×