Ignore anatomy at your peril, and your patients’: a knowledge of relevant anatomy frequently makes procedures more comfortable and safer for patients and easier for their clinicians. This chapter therefore surveys the structures relevant to the rest of the book. It covers the mouth, tongue and teeth, nasal spaces, pharynx, glottis and epiglottis, trachea and more distal airway, as well as the cervical spine. Its emphasis throughout is determinedly practical, rather than obsessively topological.