The content and enforcement mechanisms of constitutional legislation will radically differ in democratic and authoritarian regimes, whereas the informal rules will be homogenous across regimes and states. The philosophical task of this chapter is to work out some general principles that should be adopted, if science is valued positively and should be protected. These are principles for a quasi-autonomous science. Three of them are substantive and two procedural: (1) Guaranteeing freedom of expression. (2) Mutual rational control by critical discussion. (3) Appropriate steering of scientific competition. (4) Open access to the scientific community. (5) Appropriately fitting formal and informal institutions.