This chapter is the antithesis of the final overview chapter of this book. The purpose of an underview is to provide some basics from which the theoretical framework that we adopt can be explained. Derivation of this framework will be provided in following chapters. The chapter will initially look as various philosophical attributes of the thesis explaining its position of critical realism, moving on to considerations of meta-theory and how Agency Theory connects. It will then look at the evolutionary development of Mindset Agency Theory. Culture is a component of the latter, and some propositions for this will be provided. The chapter will finally explore Agency Theory modelling and Mindset Agency Theory.