Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- Contributors
- Part I Clinical Syndromes – General
- Part II Clinical Syndromes – Head and Neck
- Part III Clinical Syndromes – Eye
- Part IV Clinical Syndromes – Skin and Lymph Nodes
- Part V Clinical Syndromes – Respiratory Tract
- Part VI Clinical Syndromes – Heart and Blood Vessels
- Part VII Clinical Syndromes – Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Abdomen
- Part VIII Clinical Syndromes – Genitourinary Tract
- Part IX Clinical Syndromes – Musculoskeletal System
- Part X Clinical Syndromes – Neurologic System
- Part XI The Susceptible Host
- Part XII HIV
- Part XIII Nosocomial Infection
- 101 Prevention of Nosocomial Infection in Staff and Patients
- 102 Percutaneous Injury: Risks and Management
- 103 Hospital-Acquired Fever
- 104 Transfusion-Related Infection
- 105 Intravascular Catheter-Related Infections
- 106 Infections Associated with Urinary Catheters
- Part XIV Infections Related to Surgery and Trauma
- Part XV Prevention of Infection
- Part XVI Travel and Recreation
- Part XVII Bioterrorism
- Part XVIII Specific Organisms – Bacteria
- Part XIX Specific Organisms – Spirochetes
- Part XX Specific Organisms – Mycoplasma and Chlamydia
- Part XXI Specific Organisms – Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, and Anaplasma
- Part XXII Specific Organisms – Fungi
- Part XXIII Specific Organisms – Viruses
- Part XXIV Specific Organisms – Parasites
- Part XXV Antimicrobial Therapy – General Considerations
- Index
101 - Prevention of Nosocomial Infection in Staff and Patients
from Part XIII - Nosocomial Infection
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 March 2013
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- Contributors
- Part I Clinical Syndromes – General
- Part II Clinical Syndromes – Head and Neck
- Part III Clinical Syndromes – Eye
- Part IV Clinical Syndromes – Skin and Lymph Nodes
- Part V Clinical Syndromes – Respiratory Tract
- Part VI Clinical Syndromes – Heart and Blood Vessels
- Part VII Clinical Syndromes – Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Abdomen
- Part VIII Clinical Syndromes – Genitourinary Tract
- Part IX Clinical Syndromes – Musculoskeletal System
- Part X Clinical Syndromes – Neurologic System
- Part XI The Susceptible Host
- Part XII HIV
- Part XIII Nosocomial Infection
- 101 Prevention of Nosocomial Infection in Staff and Patients
- 102 Percutaneous Injury: Risks and Management
- 103 Hospital-Acquired Fever
- 104 Transfusion-Related Infection
- 105 Intravascular Catheter-Related Infections
- 106 Infections Associated with Urinary Catheters
- Part XIV Infections Related to Surgery and Trauma
- Part XV Prevention of Infection
- Part XVI Travel and Recreation
- Part XVII Bioterrorism
- Part XVIII Specific Organisms – Bacteria
- Part XIX Specific Organisms – Spirochetes
- Part XX Specific Organisms – Mycoplasma and Chlamydia
- Part XXI Specific Organisms – Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, and Anaplasma
- Part XXII Specific Organisms – Fungi
- Part XXIII Specific Organisms – Viruses
- Part XXIV Specific Organisms – Parasites
- Part XXV Antimicrobial Therapy – General Considerations
- Index
Summary
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), also known as nosocomial infections, are those infections acquired in the hospital or other health care facility (HCF). They affect more than 2 million patients annually (Table 101.1). Adverse consequences of these infections are formidable, resulting in an estimated 900 000 deaths and an overall cost of about $4.5 billion annually in the United States. Since the 1999 report from the Institute of Medicine, To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System, reports from several other groups have led to heightened attention to the development of safer health care environments. Leading regulatory, accreditation, and quality-monitoring organizations, including the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO), have targeted some HAIs as preventable adverse events and an issue of patient safety. Increased public awareness of the cost and seriousness of HAIs has led to the promotion of public disclosure of HAI rates and motivated several states to develop legislation mandating disclosure of HAIs by hospitals and other health care organizations.
To address the growing concerns, cost, and adverse impact of these infections, HCFs must focus on minimizing the risk of acquiring HAIs within the health care environment. Preventive efforts are especially important in the integrated health care systems that characterize many areas of the United States. In January of 2005, the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) launched the 100 000 Lives Campaign to target preventable health care-associated errors and deaths.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Clinical Infectious Disease , pp. 733 - 738Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2008