Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T14:47:50.091Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 9 - A Research Agenda for Young People’s Psychological Response to Climate Change

from Part I - Conceptual Foundations of Climate Distress in Young People

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 June 2024

Elizabeth Haase
Affiliation:
University of Nevada, Reno
Kelsey Hudson
Affiliation:
Climate Psychology Alliance North America
Get access

Summary

This chapter provides a research agenda for pediatric climate distress. It is structured into five domains. First, it reviews the importance of delineating among existing definitions of climate distress, including distinguishing between normal and pathological stress responses and integrating concepts from existing anxiety literature. Second, it discusses the importance of researching the epidemiology of climate distress, including developing and validating measurement tools, identifying young people most vulnerable and resilient, and considering the effects of parental mental health and social determinants of health on youths’ psychological responses. Third, it highlights the need to explore the psychological meaning and sequelae of climate change, including moral disengagement, dialectics of climate distress, and moral outrage. Fourth, it points to conventional and novel interventions to address climate distress that require further investigation. Fifth, it reviews the need to assess how climate change may impact young peoples’ psychological distress on a biological level. It concludes with recommendations for how to foster interdisciplinary collaborations and increase funding for this research.

Type
Chapter
Information
Climate Change and Youth Mental Health
Multidisciplinary Perspectives
, pp. 168 - 186
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adams, H., Blackburn, S., & Mantovani, N. (2021). Psychological resilience for climate change transformation: relational, differentiated and situated perspectives. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 50, 303309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2021.06.011CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ágoston, C., Csaba, B., Nagy, B., Kőváry, Z., Dúll, A., Rácz, J., & Demetrovics, Z. (2022). Identifying types of eco-anxiety, eco-guilt, eco-grief, and eco-coping in a climate-sensitive population: A qualitative study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(4), 2461. www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/4/2461CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Akkaya-Kalayci, T., Vyssoki, B., Winkler, D., Willeit, M., Kapusta, N. D., Dorffner, G., & Özlü-Erkilic, Z. (2017). The effect of seasonal changes and climatic factors on suicide attempts of young people. BMC Psychiatry, 17(1), 365. doi:10.1186/s12888-017-1532-7CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Albrecht, G. (2011). Chronic environmental change: Emerging “psychoterratic” syndromes. In Weissbecker, I. (Ed.), Climate change and human well-being: Global challenges and opportunities (pp. 4356). Springer New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Augusterfer, E. F., Mollica, R. F., & Lavelle, J. (2018). Leveraging technology in post-disaster settings: The role of digital health/telemental health. Current Psychiatry Reports, 20(10), 88. doi:10.1007/s11920-018-0953-4CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baker, C., Clayton, S., & Bragg, E. (2021). Educating for resilience: Parent and teacher perceptions of children’s emotional needs in response to climate change. Environmental Education Research, 27(5), 687705. doi:10.1080/13504622.2020.1828288CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bandura, A. (2016). Moral disengagement: How people do harm and live with themselves. Worth.Google Scholar
Baudon, P., & Jachens, L. (2021). A scoping review of interventions for the treatment of eco-anxiety. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(18). doi:10.3390/ijerph18189636CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beach, R. H., Sulser, T. B., Crimmins, A., Cenacchi, N., Cole, J., Fukagawa, N. K., … & Ziska, L. H. (2019). Combining the effects of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide on protein, iron, and zinc availability and projected climate change on global diets: A modelling study. The Lancet Planetary Health, 3(7), e307–e317. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(19)30094-4CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Belkin, G. (2022). The race is on to nurture resilient people for a resilient planet. Psychiatric Times. www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/the-race-is-on-to-nurture-resilient-people-for-a-resilient-planetGoogle Scholar
Benoit, L. (2022). Understanding youths’ concerns about climate change: a cross-cultural qualitative study of a generation’s ecological burden and resilience. Paper presented at the 69th Annual Meeting of the American Acadamy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Toronto, Canada.Google Scholar
Berntsen, D., & Rubin, D. C. (2014). Pretraumatic stress reactions in soldiers deployed to Afghanistan. Clinical Psychological Science, 3(5), 663674. doi:10.1177/2167702614551766CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boehnke, K., & Wong, B. (2011). Adolescent political activism and long-term happiness: A 21-year longitudinal study on the development of micro- and macrosocial worries. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37(3), 435447. doi:10.1177/0146167210397553CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bromham, L., Dinnage, R., & Hua, X. (2016). Interdisciplinary research has consistently lower funding success. Nature, 534(7609), 684687. doi:10.1038/nature18315CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Burlingame, G. M., Fuhriman, A., & Mosier, J. (2003). The differential effectiveness of group psychotherapy: A meta-analytic perspective. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 7(1), 3.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carleton, T., Hsiang, S. M., & Burke, M. (2016). Conflict in a changing climate. The European Physical Journal Special Topics, 225(3), 489511. doi:10.1140/epjst/e2015-50100-5CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, C. W., & Gorski, P. C. (2015). Burnout in social justice and human rights activists: Symptoms, causes and implications. Journal of Human Rights Practice, 7(3), 366390. doi:10.1093/jhuman/huv011CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, M. H., Su, T. P., Chen, Y. S., Hsu, J. W., Huang, K. L., Chang, W. H., … & Bai, Y. M. (2013). Association between psychiatric disorders and iron deficiency anemia among children and adolescents: A nationwide population-based study. BMC Psychiatry, 13(1), 161. doi:10.1186/1471-244X-13-161CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Clayton, S. (2020). Climate anxiety: Psychological responses to climate change. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 74, 102263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102263CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Clayton, S., & Karazsia, B. T. (2020). Development and validation of a measure of climate change anxiety. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 69, 101434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2020.101434CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Climate Psychology Alliance North America (2022). Climate-aware therapist directory. www.climatepsychology.us/climate-therapistsGoogle Scholar
Coffey, Y., Bhullar, N., Durkin, J., Islam, M. S., & Usher, K. (2021). Understanding eco-anxiety: A systematic scoping review of current literature and identified knowledge gaps. Journal of Climate Change and Health, 3, 100047. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joclim.2021.100047CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, E. P., & Sandman, C. A. (2012). Prenatal psychobiological predictors of anxiety risk in preadolescent children. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 37(8), 12241233. doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.12.016CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
DeMocker, M. (2020). So your kids are stressed out about the climate crisis. www.sierraclub.org/sierra/so-your-kids-are-stressed-out-about-climate-crisisGoogle Scholar
Detsky, A. S., Gauthier, S. R., & Fuchs, V. R. (2012). Specialization in medicine: How much is appropriate? JAMA, 307(5), 463464. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.44CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doherty, T., Lykins, A., Piotrowski, N., Rogers, Z., Sebree, D., & White, K. (2022). Clinical psychology responses to the climate crisis. In Asmundson, G. J. G. (Ed.), Comprehensive clinical psychology. Elsevier.Google Scholar
Doppelt, B. (2017). Transformational resilience: How building human resilience to climate disruption can safeguard society and increase wellbeing: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Everly Jr, G. S., & Lating, J. M. (2022). The Johns Hopkins guide to psychological first aid. Johns Hopkins University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fondacaro, K., & Mazulla, E. (2018). The Chronic Traumatic Stress Framework: A conceptual model to guide empirical investigation and mental health treatment for refugees and survivors of torture. Torture Journal, 28(1). https://doi.org/10.7146/torture.v28i1.105477CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hahn, M. B., Van Wyck, R., Lessard, L., & Fried, R. (2022). Compounding effects of social vulnerability and recurring natural disasters on mental and physical health. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, 16(3), 10131021. doi:10.1017/dmp.2020.476CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hayes, K., Blashki, G., Wiseman, J., Burke, S., & Reifels, L. (2018). Climate change and mental health: Risks, impacts and priority actions. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 12(1), 28. doi:10.1186/s13033-018-0210-6CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Helm, S. V., Pollitt, A., Barnett, M. A., Curran, M. A., & Craig, Z. R. (2018). Differentiating environmental concern in the context of psychological adaption to climate change. Global Environmental Change, 48, 158167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2017.11.012CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hickman, C., Marks, E., Pihkala, P., Clayton, S., Lewandowski, R. E., Mayall, E. E., … & van Susteren, L. (2021). Climate anxiety in children and young people and their beliefs about government responses to climate change: A global survey. The Lancet Planetary Health, 5(12), e863-e873. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(21)00278-3CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hogg, T. L., Stanley, S. K., O’Brien, L. V., Wilson, M. S., & Watsford, C. R. (2021). The Hogg Eco-Anxiety Scale: Development and validation of a multidimensional scale. Global Environmental Change, 71, 102391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2021.102391CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hwong, A. R., Wang, M., Khan, H., Chagwedera, D. N., Grzenda, A., Doty, B., … & Compton, W. M. (2022). Climate change and mental health research methods, gaps, and priorities: A scoping review. The Lancet Planetary Health, 6(3), e281-e291. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(22)00012-2CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kaijser, A., & Kronsell, A. (2014). Climate change through the lens of intersectionality. Environmental Politics, 23(3), 417433. doi:10.1080/09644016.2013.835203CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaplan, E. A. (2020). Is climate-related pre-traumatic stress syndrome a real condition? American Imago, 77(1), 81104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kini, G., Karkal, R., & Bhargava, M. (2020). All’s not well with the “worried well”: Understanding health anxiety due to COVID-19. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, 61(3), e321–e323. doi:10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2020.61.3.1605Google Scholar
Kousky, C. (2016). Impacts of natural disasters on children. The Future of Children, 26(1), 7392. www.jstor.org/stable/43755231CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leal, P. C., Goes, T. C., da Silva, L. C. F., & Teixeira-Silva, F. (2017). Trait vs. state anxiety in different threatening situations. Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 39, 147157.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lewis, J. L., Haase, E., & Trope, A. (2020). Climate dialectics in psychotherapy: Holding open the space between abyss and advance. Psychodynamic Psychiatry, 48(3), 271294.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Machado-Moreira, C. A., McLennan, P. L., Lillioja, S., van Dijk, W., Caldwell, J. N., & Taylor, N. A. S. (2012). The cholinergic blockade of both thermally and non-thermally induced human eccrine sweating. Experimental Physiology, 97(8), 930942. https://doi.org/10.1113/expphysiol.2012.065037CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Materia, C. J. (2016). Climate state anxiety and connectedness to nature in rural Tasmania. University of Tasmania, https://eprints.utas.edu.au/23089/Google Scholar
McMullen, H., & Dow, K. (2022). Ringing the existential alarm: Exploring BirthStrike for Climate. Medical Anthropology, 41(6–7), 659673. doi:10.1080/01459740.2022.2083510CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Merikangas, K. R., He, J.-p., Burstein, M., Swanson, S. A., Avenevoli, S., Cui, L., … Swendsen, J. (2010). Lifetime prevalence of mental disorders in U.S. adolescents: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication–Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A). Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 49(10), 980989. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2010.05.017CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Morton, T. (2013). Hyperobjects: Philosophy and ecology after the end of the world. University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Nice, M. L., Forziat-Pytel, K., Benoit, C., & Sturm, D. C. (2022). School counselor and environmental educator partnerships: Reducing eco-anxiety from climate change, increasing self-efficacy, and enhancing youth advocacy. Professional School Counseling, 26(1), 2156759X221090525. doi:10.1177/2156759X221090525CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noelke, C., McGovern, M., Corsi, D. J., Jimenez, M. P., Stern, A., Wing, I. S., & Berkman, L. (2016). Increasing ambient temperature reduces emotional well-being. Environmental Research, 151, 124129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2016.06.045CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Obradovich, N., Migliorini, R., Paulus, M. P., & Rahwan, I. (2018). Empirical evidence of mental health risks posed by climate change. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(43), 10953–10958. doi:10.1073/pnas.1801528115CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ojala, M. (2012). How do children cope with global climate change? Coping strategies, engagement, and well-being. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 32(3), 225233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2012.02.004CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ojala, M. (2015). Hope in the face of climate change: Associations with environmental engagement and student perceptions of teachers’ emotion communication style and future orientation. Journal of Environmental Education, 46(3), 133148. doi:10.1080/00958964.2015.1021662CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ojala, M., & Bengtsson, H. (2019). Young people’s coping strategies concerning climate change: Relations to perceived communication with parents and friends and proenvironmental behavior. Environment and Behavior, 51(8), 907935. doi:10.1177/0013916518763894CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perera, F. (2017). Multiple threats to child health from fossil fuel combustion: Impacts of air pollution and climate change. Environmental Health Perspectives, 125(2), 141148. doi:10.1289/EHP299CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pierson, A. M., Arunagiri, V., & Bond, D. M. (2022). “You didn’t cause racism, and you have to solve it anyways”: Antiracist adaptations to dialectical behavior therapy for white therapists. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 29(4), 796815. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2021.11.001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pihkala, P. (2020). Anxiety and the ecological crisis: An analysis of eco-anxiety and climate anxiety. Sustainability, 12(19). doi:10.3390/su12197836CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raison, C., Hale, M., Williams, L., Wager, T., & Lowry, C. (2015). Somatic influences on subjective well-being and affective disorders: The convergence of thermosensory and central serotonergic systems. Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 1580. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01580CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Randall, R. (2009). Loss and climate change: The cost of parallel narratives. Ecopsychology, 1(3), 118129. doi:10.1089/eco.2009.0034CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roudini, J., Khankeh, H. R., & Witruk, E. (2017). Disaster mental health preparedness in the community: A systematic review study. Health Psychology Open, 4(1), 2055102917711307. doi:10.1177/2055102917711307CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schumacher, J. A., Coffey, S. F., Norris, F. H., Tracy, M., Clements, K., & Galea, S. (2010). Intimate partner violence and Hurricane Katrina: Predictors and associated mental health outcomes. Violence and Victims, 25(5), 588603. doi:10.1891/0886-6708.25.5.588CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schwartz, S. E. O., Benoit, L., Clayton, S., Parnes, M. F., Swenson, L., & Lowe, S. R. (2022). Climate change anxiety and mental health: Environmental activism as buffer. Current Psychology. doi:10.1007/s12144-022-02735-6Google ScholarPubMed
South, E. C., Hohl, B. C., Kondo, M. C., MacDonald, J. M., & Branas, C. C. (2018). Effect of greening vacant land on mental health of community-dwelling adults: A cluster randomized trial. JAMA Network Open, 1(3), e180298. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.0298CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stanley, S. K., Hogg, T. L., Leviston, Z., & Walker, I. (2021). From anger to action: Differential impacts of eco-anxiety, eco-depression, and eco-anger on climate action and wellbeing. Journal of Climate Change and Health, 1, 100003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joclim.2021.100003CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swardfager, W., Herrmann, N., Mazereeuw, G., Goldberger, K., Harimoto, T., & Lanctôt, K. L. (2013). Zinc in depression: A meta-analysis. Biological Psychiatry, 74(12), 872878. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.05.008CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thomas, I., Martin, A., Wicker, A., & Benoit, L. (2022). Understanding youths’ concerns about climate change: A cross-cultural qualitative study of a generation’s ecological burden and resilience. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2188446/v1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, R., Hornigold, R., Page, L., & Waite, T. (2018). Associations between high ambient temperatures and heat waves with mental health outcomes: A systematic review. Public Health, 161, 171191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2018.06.008CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Utzerath, C., & Fernández, G. (2017). Shaping science for increasing interdependence and specialization. Trends in Neurosciences, 40(3), 121124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2016.12.005CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vergunst, F., & Berry, H. L. (2021). Climate change and children’s mental health: A developmental perspective. Clinical Psychological Science, 10(4), 767785. doi:10.1177/21677026211040787CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weisz, J. R., & Kazdin, A. E. (2010). Evidence-based psychotherapies for children and adolescents. Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Winnicott, D. W. (1963). From dependence towards independence in the development of the individual. In The Maturational Processes and the Facilitating Environment (pp. 83–92). Hogarth Press.Google Scholar
Wortzel, J. D., Champlin, L. K., Wortzel, J. R., Lewis, J., Haase, E., & Mark, B. (2022). Reframing climate change: Using children’s literature as a residency training tool to address climate anxiety and model innovation. Academic Psychiatry, 46(5), 584585. doi:10.1007/s40596-022-01651-yCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wortzel, J. R., Guerrero, A. P. S., Aggarwal, R., Coverdale, J., & Brenner, A. M. (2022). Climate change and the professional obligation to socialize physicians and trainees into an environmentally sustainable medical culture. Academic Psychiatry, 46(5), 556561. doi:10.1007/s40596-022-01688-zCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wortzel, J. R., Haase, E., Mark, B., Stashevsky, A., & Lewis, J. (2022). Teaching to our time: A survey study of current opinions and didactics about climate mental health training in US psychiatry residency and fellowship programs. Academic Psychiatry. doi:10.1007/s40596-022-01680-7CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wortzel, J. R., Lee, J., Benoit, L., Rubano, A., & Pinsky, E. G. (2022). Perspectives on climate change and pediatric mental health: A qualitative analysis of interviews with researchers in the field. Academic Psychiatry, 46(5), 562568. doi:10.1007/s40596-022-01707-zCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Xerxa, Y., Delaney, S. W., Rescorla, L. A., Hillegers, M. H. J., White, T., Verhulst, F. C., … & Tiemeier, H. (2021). Association of poor family functioning from pregnancy onward with preadolescent behavior and subcortical brain development. JAMA Psychiatry, 78(1), 2937. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.286CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×