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1 - What This Book Is About

from Part I - The Interrelationships of Organisms

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 July 2020

David M. Williams
Affiliation:
Natural History Museum, London
Malte C. Ebach
Affiliation:
University of New South Wales, Sydney
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Summary

One way to find out how taxonomy is done is to examine any leading taxonomy journal. Inspection of any issue of the journal Phytotaxa, for example, is revealing. Issue 231(3) was published on 23 October 2015. It has 7 Articles and 3 Correspondence pieces, roughly 100 printed pages. Ignoring the Correspondence, the Articles deal with the taxonomy of a wide range of botanical groups (as understood in the older ‘non-animal-photosynthetic’ sense): flowering plants, fungi, diatoms, ferns and so on. The contributions are concerned with describing (diagnosing) new taxa (most often at the species level), revising groups of species (some are substantial taxonomic revisions), creating identification keys, making appropriate nomenclatural acts or various combinations of these endeavours.

Type
Chapter
Information
Cladistics
A Guide to Biological Classification
, pp. 13 - 22
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

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References

References

Adanson, M. 1763. Familles des Plantes. Vincent, Paris.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bateson, BD. 1928. William Bateson, F. R. S., Naturalist: His Essays & Addresses, Together with a Short Account of His Life. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar
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Cain, AJ. 1959. The post-Linnaean development of taxonomy. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London 170: 234244.Google Scholar
Callebaut, W. 2010. The dialectics of dis/unity in the evolutionary synthesis and its extensions. In: Pigiucci, M & Müller, GB (eds), Evolution: The Extended Synthesis. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, pp. 443481.Google Scholar
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Mayr, E. 1974. Cladistic analysis or cladistic classification? Zeitschrift für zoologische Systematik und Evolutionsforschung 12: 95128.Google Scholar
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Wheeler, QD. 2004. Taxonomic triage and the poverty of phylogeny. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 359: 571583.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
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Further Reading

A little outdated but useful for the discussion of what was called ‘Omnispective taxonomy’, an attempt to be wholly empirical. The book’s merits are in the critique of the then prevailing views of Mayr. ‘The Omnispective System … [is the] modern form of classical taxonomy, [and] has been in use for two hundred years and has produced 99% of the revisionary and monographic work in taxonomy’ (Blackwelder, RE. 1977. Twenty five years of taxonomy. Systematic Zoology 26: 107–137).

While focusing on Charles Davies Sherborn (1861–1942), ‘The papers in this volume fall into three general areas. In the first section, seven papers present different facets of Sherborn as a man, scientist and bibliographer, and describe the historical context for taxonomic indexing from the 19th century to today. In the second section, five papers (with a major appendix) discuss current tools and innovations for bringing legacy information into the modern age. The final section, with three papers, tackles the future of biological nomenclature, including innovative publishing models and the changing tools and sociology needed for communicating taxonomy’.

Polaszek, Watson et al. and Wheeler are all useful collections of papers on various aspects of the taxonomic enterprise, although, as we noted above, not much space is devoted to how taxonomy is actually done.

A useful book focused on the practice of species-level taxonomy.

Blackwelder, RE. 1967. Taxonomy. John Wiley & Sons, New York.Google Scholar
Michel, E. (ed.) 2016. Anchoring biodiversity information: From Sherborn to the 21st century and beyond. Zookeys 550.Google Scholar
Polaszek, A. 2010. Systema Naturae 250 – the Linnaean Ark. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watson, MF., Lyal, C. & Pendry, CA. (eds) 2015. Descriptive Taxonomy: The Foundation of Biodiversity Research. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.Google Scholar
Wheeler, QD. (ed.) 2008. The New Taxonomy. Systematics Association Special Volume Series. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.Google Scholar
Winston, JE. 1999. Describing Species, Practical Taxonomic Procedure for Biologists. Columbia University Press, New York.Google Scholar

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