In this chapter we examine the emergent role of participatory decision-making in China. We begin by introducing the theoretical framework that we use to understand public participation in single-party regimes like China. Next, we track the origins and evolution of participatory decision-making in China itself. Initially adopted as a means for implementing unpopular price changes, public participation procedures (e.g., expert consultations, public hearings, and, more recently, online notice-and-comment) have increasingly made their way into central and local decision-making procedures. Whereas only a handful of provinces experimented with participatory decision-making in the early 2000s, today nearly all legislation and administrative policy proceeds through at least one of these procedures. Why are China’s leaders encouraging their citizens to engage in policy? We put forward the proposition that authoritarian policy crafted with public input is more likely to be perceived as legitimate, more likely to be complied with, and less prone to fail.