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39. - Confusion

from C

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 January 2025

By
Alan Nelson
Edited by
Karolina Hübner  and
Justin Steinberg
Karolina Hübner
Affiliation:
Cornell University, New York
Justin Steinberg
Affiliation:
Cornell University, New York
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Summary

Confusion characterizes ideas commonly found in the human mind. Although all ideas are true as related to God (E2p32), human ideas most often lack truth, adequacy, and other epistemological virtues. Spinoza variously characterizes these philosophically defective ideas as fictional, false, mutilated, and confused. These defects are all closely related; this article focuses specifically on confusion.

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Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Spinoza Lexicon , pp. 97 - 99
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

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References

Recommended Reading

Curley, E. (2016). Glossary entries for CONFUSIO. In The Collected Works of Spinoza ed. Curley, , 2 vols. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Hübner, K. (2022). Spinoza’s epistemology and philosophy of mind. In Zalta, E. N. (ed.), Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/spinoza-epistemology-mindGoogle Scholar
Nelson, A. (2013). The structure of Cartesian sensations. Analytic Philosophy, 54(2), 155–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

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